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Institution

Makerere University

EducationKampala, Uganda
About: Makerere University is a education organization based out in Kampala, Uganda. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The organization has 7220 authors who have published 12405 publications receiving 366520 citations. The organization is also known as: Makerere University Kampala & MUK.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Tropical endomyocardial fibrosis is a neglected disease of poverty that afflicts rural populations in tropical low-income countries, with some certain high-prevalence areas with a very poor prognosis.
Abstract: Tropical endomyocardial fibrosis (EMF) is a neglected disease of poverty that afflicts rural populations in tropical low-income countries, with some certain high-prevalence areas. Tropical EMF is characterized by the deposition of fibrous tissue in the endomyocardium, leading to restrictive physiology. Since the first descriptions in Uganda in 1948, high-frequency areas for EMF have included Africa, Asia, and South America. Although there is no clear consensus on a unified hypothesis, it seems likely that dietary, environmental, and infectious factors may combine in a susceptible individual to give rise to an inflammatory process leading to endomyocardial damage and scar formation. The natural history of EMF includes an active phase with recurrent flare-ups of inflammation evolving to a chronic phase leading to restrictive heart failure. In the chronic phase, biventricular involvement is the most common presentation, followed by isolated right-sided heart disease. Marked ascites out of proportion to peripheral edema usually develops as a typical feature of EMF. EMF carries a very poor prognosis. In addition to medical management of heart failure, early open heart surgery (endocardectomy and valve repair/replacement) appears to improve outcomes to some extent; however, surgery is technically challenging and not available in most endemic areas. Increased awareness among health workers and policy makers is the need of the hour for the unhindered development of efficient preventive and therapeutic strategies.

85 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: ICCM with diagnostics is acceptable, increases access, and is the first choice for caregivers of febrile children.
Abstract: Background Use of diagnostics in integrated community case management (iCCM) of fever is recognized as an important step in improving rational use of drugs and quality of care for febrile under-five children. This study assessed household access, acceptability and utilization of community health workers (CHWs) trained and provided with malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) and respiratory rate timers (RRTs) to practice iCCM.

84 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: These drug interactions may increase the risk of malaria treatment failure and development of resistance to artemether/lumefantrine and nevirapine, and clinical data from population pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic trials evaluating the impact of these drug interactions are urgently needed.
Abstract: Results: Efavirenz significantly reduced artemether maximum concentration (Cmax) and plasma AUC (median 29 versus 12 ng/mL, P,0.01, and 119 versus 25 ng .h/mL, P,0.01), dihydroartemisinin Cmax and AUC (median 120 versus 26 ng/mL, P,0.01, and 341 versus 84 ng. h/mL, P,0.01), and lumefantrine Cmax and AUC (median 8737 versus 6331 ng/mL, P ¼ 0.03, and 280370 versus 124 381 ng .h/mL, P,0.01). Nevirapine significantly reduced artemether Cmax and AUC (median 28 versus 11 ng/mL, P, 0.01, and 123 versus 34 ng. h/mL, P,0.01) and dihydroartemisinin Cmax and AUC (median 107 versus 59 ng/mL, P,0.01, and 364 versus 228 ng . h/mL, P,0.01). Lumefantrine Cmax and AUC were non-significantly reduced by nevirapine. Artemether/lumefantrine reduced nevirapine Cmax and AUC (median 8620 versus 4958 ng/mL, P,0.01, and 66 329 versus 35728 ng. h/mL, P,0.01), but did not affect efavirenz exposure. Conclusions: Co-administration of artemether/lumefantrine with efavirenz or nevirapine resulted in a reduction in artemether, dihydroartemisinin, lumefantrine and nevirapine exposure. These drug interactions may increase the risk of malaria treatment failure and development of resistance to artemether/lumefantrine and nevirapine. Clinical data from population pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic trials evaluating the impact of these drug interactions are urgently needed.

84 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Compared to literature values, nitrification, plant uptake and the overall system treatment efficiency were high, indicating a high potential of this system for biological nutrient removal from wastewaters in the tropics.
Abstract: In constructed wetlands (CWs) with horizontal sub-surface flow, nutrient removal, especially phosphorus, is limited because the root biomass fills the pore spaces of the substrate (usually gravel), ...

84 citations


Authors

Showing all 7286 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Pete Smith1562464138819
Joy E Lawn10833055168
Philip J. Rosenthal10482439175
William M. Lee10146446052
David R. Bangsberg9746339251
Daniel O. Stram9544535983
Richard W. Wrangham9328829564
Colin A. Chapman9249128217
Ronald H. Gray9252934982
Donald Maxwell Parkin8725971469
Larry B. Goldstein8543436840
Paul Gepts7826319745
Maria J. Wawer7735727375
Robert M. Grant7643726835
Jerrold J. Ellner7634717893
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202343
202289
20211,200
20201,120
2019900
2018790