Manchester Metropolitan University

About: Manchester Metropolitan University is a education organization based out in Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 5435 authors who have published 16202 publications receiving 442561 citations. The organization is also known as: Manchester Polytechnic & MMU.

Variability of tephra in lake and catchment sediments, Svı́navatn, Iceland

Abstract: Lake and catchment sediments of Svinavatn in Hunavatnsýssla, northern Iceland contain a complex sequence of primary airfall and secondary reworked tephra layers. A detailed tephrochronology was constructed by identifying and correlating 95 tephra layers from four lake cores and 12 profiles situated in the lowland peats, hillslopes and delta areas of the catchment. The tephra record from each site was highly variable due to both uneven fallout of tephra following the eruption, and later reworking of the deposits in the lake and catchment. The complete tephrochronology includes Hekla 4 (∼3800 years BP), Hekla 3 (∼2800 years BP), the Landnamslag , or Settlement Layer (Vo∼AD 900), Hekla 1 (AD 1104) and Hekla AD 1300. Two more unidentified and undated tephra layers are also present (one from the Snaefellsjokull system, and one from the Veidivotn volcanic swarm). The correlation of tephra stratigraphies from lake sediments and catchment profiles indicates periods of increased erosion and redeposition in the catchment shortly after the deposition of Hekla 3 possibly due to deteriorating climate during the Neoglaciation.

Lost in translation? Language, culture and the roles of translator in cross‐cultural management research

Abstract: Purpose – To promote more open discussion on translating data, this paper aims to provide a critical and reflexive evaluation of the problems and issues that the author experienced with regard to qualitative data translation.Design/methodology/approach – Drawing on personal experiences of translating Chinese women's narratives into English, the author demonstrates that qualitative data translation may have linguistic, cultural and methodological problems.Findings – Researchers and translators should recognize the linguistic and cultural differences that data translation must negotiate. It is argued here that researchers and translators should preserve and highlight cultural differences rather than resembling the dominant values of the target culture by translation. A translator is an integral part of the knowledge producing system. The roles of the translator as both an inter‐cultural communicator and a data interpreter must be acknowledged in the research process.Originality/value – This paper challenges...

In critical defence of ‘emotional labour’: refuting Bolton’s critique of Hochschild’s concept

Abstract: Sharon Bolton’s comprehensive critique of Hochschild’s concept of ‘emotional labour’ is flawed by her misinterpretation of its primary form as an aspect of labour power. Consequently, she erroneously argues that emotional labour is commodified only when transformed into commercial service work. However, emotion workers experience commodification of their labour power as wage-labour, irrespective of the nature of their product. Bolton also argues that Hochschild’s notion of workers undergoing a ‘transmutation of feelings’ renders them ‘crippled actors’ in the grip of management control. Hochschild, however, theorizes transmutation as a contradictory and unstable condition albeit in an under-developed form. While Bolton correctly argues for a theory of emotion work that captures the complexity and contradictory nature of the emotional workplace, it is not necessary to reject the emotional labour concept. Rather, it needs to be more fully theorized and integrated within Labour Process Analysis.

Glacier volume response time and its links to climate and topography based on a conceptual model of glacier hypsometry

Abstract: . Glacier volume response time is a measure of the time taken for a glacier to adjust its geometry to a climate change. It has been previously proposed that the volume response time is given approximately by the ratio of glacier thickness to ablation at the glacier terminus. We propose a new conceptual model of glacier hypsometry (area-altitude relation) and derive the volume response time where climatic and topographic parameters are separated. The former is expressed by mass balance gradients which we derive from glacier-climate modelling and the latter are quantified with data from the World Glacier Inventory. Aside from the well-known scaling relation between glacier volume and area, we establish a new scaling relation between glacier altitude range and area, and evaluate it for seven regions. The presence of this scaling parameter in our response time formula accounts for the mass balance elevation feedback and leads to longer response times than given by the simple ratio of glacier thickness to ablation at the terminus. Volume response times range from decades to thousands of years for glaciers in maritime (wet-warm) and continental (dry-cold) climates respectively. The combined effect of volume-area and altitude-area scaling relations is such that volume response time can increase with glacier area (Axel Heiberg Island and Svalbard), hardly change (Northern Scandinavia, Southern Norway and the Alps) or even get smaller (The Caucasus and New Zealand).