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Institution

Manchester Metropolitan University

EducationManchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
About: Manchester Metropolitan University is a education organization based out in Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 5435 authors who have published 16202 publications receiving 442561 citations. The organization is also known as: Manchester Polytechnic & MMU.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review of the current field and knowledge in regards to MFCs and the known mechanisms underpinning MFC technology, which allows bacteria to facilitate in electron transfer processes is given in this article.
Abstract: Research into alternative renewable energy generation is a priority, due to the ever-increasing concern of climate change. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are one potential avenue to be explored, as a partial solution towards combating the over-reliance on fossil fuel based electricity. Limitations have slowed the advancement of MFC development, including low power generation, expensive electrode materials and the inability to scale up MFCs to industrially relevant capacities. However, utilisation of new advanced electrode-materials (i.e. 2D nanomaterials), has promise to advance the field of electromicrobiology. New electrode materials coupled with a more thorough understanding of the mechanisms in which electrogenic bacteria partake in electron transfer could dramatically increase power outputs, potentially reaching the upper extremities of theoretical limits. Continued research into both the electrochemistry and microbiology is of paramount importance in order to achieve industrial-scale development of MFCs. This review gives an overview of the current field and knowledge in regards to MFCs and discusses the known mechanisms underpinning MFC technology, which allows bacteria to facilitate in electron transfer processes. This review focusses specifically on enhancing the performance of MFCs, with the key intrinsic factor currently limiting power output from MFCs being the rate of electron transfer to/from the anode; the use of advanced carbon-based materials as electrode surfaces is discussed.

434 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The present findings justify the application of the ULT method for the detection of changes throughout large muscles in response to training, disuse or as a consequence of sarcopenia.
Abstract: The measurement of human muscle size is essential when assessing the effects of training, disuse and ageing. The considered 'gold standard' for cross-sectional area measurements of muscle size is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, MRI is costly and often inaccessible. The aim of the present study was to test the reproducibility and validity of a more accessible alternative method using ultrasonography (ULT). We examined the cross-sectional areas in the vastus lateralis muscle of six individuals. Axial-plane ULT scans were taken at given levels along the entire muscle length. The ULT scanning was repeated on different days (reliability) and validated against MRI-based measurements. Mean intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.998 for the reliability of ULT and 0.999 for the validity of ULT against MRI. The coefficient of variation values for cross-sectional area measurements assessed by six different experimenters were 2.1% and 0.8% for images obtained with ULT and MRI, respectively. The ULT method is a valid and reliable alternative tool for assessing cross-sectional areas of large individual human muscles. The present findings justify the application of the ULT method for the detection of changes throughout large muscles in response to training, disuse or as a consequence of sarcopenia.

433 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review summarizes the recent application of both thermal and non-thermal processing technologies on bioactive content of exotic fruits and their products and discusses the impact of processing conditions on the stability of bioactive compounds in exotic fruits.

430 citations

Book
15 Nov 2007
TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive treatment of all types of electrochromic systems and their many applications is provided, from the scope and history to new searching presentations of optical quantification and theoretical mechanistic models, with an extensive bibliography, recent advances in the field, modern applications and a step-by-step development from simple examples to sophisticated theories.
Abstract: Electrochromic materials, both organic and inorganic, have widespread applications in light-attenuation, displays and analysis. Written in an accessible manner, this book provides a comprehensive treatment of all types of electrochromic systems and their many applications. Coverage develops from electrochromic scope and history to new searching presentations of optical quantification and theoretical mechanistic models. Non-electrode electrochromism and photo-electrochromism are summarised, with updated comprehensive reviews of electrochromic oxides (tungsten-trioxide particularly), metal co-ordination complexes and metal-cyanometallates, viologens and other organics; and more recent exotics such as fullerenes, hydrides, and conjugated electroactive polymers are also covered. The book concludes by examining device construction and durability. With an extensive bibliography, recent advances in the field, modern applications and a step-by-step development from simple examples to sophisticated theories, this book is ideal for researchers in materials science, polymer science, electrical engineering, physics, chemistry, bioscience and (applied) optoelectronics.

429 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore why young people use and participate in social networking sites (SNSs) with specific reference to Bebo and find that participants are actively using Bebo for their own personal motives and gratifications in terms of presenting and managing a certain identity and persona in a social context.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore why young people use and participate in social networking sites (SNSs) with specific reference to Bebo.Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative approach is employed in this paper with a view to exploring the uses and gratifications (U and G) that girls aged 12‐14 years, both seek and obtain from the Bebo SNS. The research is conducted in a school setting in Ireland.Findings – The findings indicate that the participants are actively using Bebo for their own personal motives and gratifications in terms of presenting and managing a certain identity and persona in a social context. Furthermore, the relatively impersonal nature of the online environment is seen to especially facilitate the young participants in negotiating the practicalities and difficulties that can arise offline, in terms of forging identities and managing relationships.Originality/value – U and G theory has attracted criticism in terms of a perceived limitation that it only serves to offe...

426 citations


Authors

Showing all 5608 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
David T. Felson153861133514
João Carvalho126127877017
Andrew M. Jones10376437253
Michael C. Carroll10039934818
Mark Conner9837947672
Richard P. Bentall9443130580
Michael Wooldridge8754350675
Lina Badimon8668235774
Ian Parker8543228166
Kamaruzzaman Sopian8498925293
Keith Davids8460425038
Richard Baker8351422970
Joan Montaner8048922413
Stuart Robert Batten7832524097
Craig E. Banks7756927520
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202350
2022471
20211,600
20201,341
20191,110
20181,076