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Institution

Manchester Metropolitan University

EducationManchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
About: Manchester Metropolitan University is a education organization based out in Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 5435 authors who have published 16202 publications receiving 442561 citations. The organization is also known as: Manchester Polytechnic & MMU.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the generalized Riemann problem for partial differential equations of the advection-reaction type is generalized to include nonlinear advections as well as reaction terms and the initial condition consists of two arbitrary but infinitely differentiable functions, an assumption consistent with piecewise smooth solutions of hyperbolic conservation laws.
Abstract: We present a method for solving the generalized Riemann problem for partial differential equations of the advection–reaction type. The generalization of the Riemann problem here is twofold. Firstly, the governing equations include nonlinear advection as well as reaction terms and, secondly, the initial condition consists of two arbitrary but infinitely differentiable functions, an assumption that is consistent with piecewise smooth solutions of hyperbolic conservation laws. The solution procedure, local and valid for sufficiently small times, reduces the solution of the generalized Riemann problem of the inhomogeneous nonlinear equations to that of solving a sequence of conventional Riemann problems for homogeneous advection equations for spatial derivatives of the initial conditions. We illustrate the approach via the model advection–reaction equation, the inhomogeneous Burgers equation and the nonlinear shallow–water equations with variable bed elevation.

256 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the characteristics, behaviour and influence of cyanobacterial EPS in dryland soils is presented, and recommendations for further research are made for further investigation.

254 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a state-of-the-art assessment of sediment sources, pathways and storage within urban river systems, to consider sediment management within urban systems and river basins, and examine the role of local and global environmental changes on sediment processes and management.
Abstract: Over 50% of the global population live in urban centres and, therefore, an understanding of the processes acting upon urban systems is a global issue. The nature of human-made, often impervious, land surfaces and heavily engineered waterways results in hydrological and sedimentological systems in urbanised basins which contrast significantly to those within more natural (i.e. pristine, forested, agricultural) aquatic systems. In addition, the abundance of contamination sources in urban systems results in chemical pressures often manifested as high pollution concentrations or loadings, which in turn have detrimental impacts on human and ecosystem health. These lead to management and sustainability issues not generally encountered in more natural environments. The purpose of this review is to provide a state-of-the-art assessment of sediment sources, pathways and storage within urban river systems, to consider sediment management within urban systems and river basins, and examine the role of local and global environmental changes on sediment processes and management. Inevitably, much of the sediment that is transported within urbanised basins is contaminated, so this review also considers sediment–contaminant sources and interactions. We reach a number of conclusions and recommendations for future research. There is a need for better sampling and monitoring of sediment and sediment-associated contaminant fluxes and cycling in urban river channels and basins. This should include better techniques and studies to identify sources and transfers of road-deposited sediment (RDS), airborne particulate matter and sediments in the river system. Greater interdisciplinary research, combining sedimentologists, hydrologists, urban planners, urban archaeologists, chemists and biologists, is needed. More attention needs to focus on upscaling and connecting urban areas to the rest of the river basin, both upstream and downstream. Finally, there is a need to balance multiple needs (urban population, water resources) with likely trends in both urban development and global environmental change.

253 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The differences between the modes are related to the higher intramuscular tension development in heavy cycle exercise and the higher eccentric exercise component in running, which may cause a relatively greater recruitment of the less efficient type II muscle fibers in cycling.
Abstract: The purpose of the present study was to comprehensively examine oxygen consumption (V˙o 2) kinetics during running and cycling through mathematical modeling of the breath-by-breath gas exchange res...

252 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It was concluded that objective measures of sleep continuity were closely reflected in perceived sleep quality and that sleep quality essentially means sleep continuity.
Abstract: The present study sought to investigate the meaning of subjectively good sleep, using a longitudinal and intraindividual design. Eight subjects slept in an isolation unit according to an irregular schedule of 6 h sleeps and 1 h naps, designed to give normal amounts of time in bed (1/3 of total), but variable sleep quality. Eight sleeps and eight naps were used for longitudinal simple and multiple regression analyses with standard polysomnographical sleep variables as predictors and subjective sleep quality as dependent variables. The results showed that subjective sleep quality (and related variables) was closely related to sleep efficiency, but not sleep stages. At least 87% efficiency was required for ratings of 'rather good' sleep. In addition, sleep quality ratings improved with closeness (of the awakening) to the circadian acrophase (17.00-21.00 hours) of the rectal temperature rhythm. The subjective ease of awakening differed from most other other variables in that it was related to low sleep efficiency. Objective and subjective homologues of sleep length and sleep latency showed high mean intraindividual correlations (r = 0.55 and 0.64, respectively). It was concluded that objective measures of sleep continuity were closely reflected in perceived sleep quality and that sleep quality essentially means sleep continuity.

252 citations


Authors

Showing all 5608 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
David T. Felson153861133514
João Carvalho126127877017
Andrew M. Jones10376437253
Michael C. Carroll10039934818
Mark Conner9837947672
Richard P. Bentall9443130580
Michael Wooldridge8754350675
Lina Badimon8668235774
Ian Parker8543228166
Kamaruzzaman Sopian8498925293
Keith Davids8460425038
Richard Baker8351422970
Joan Montaner8048922413
Stuart Robert Batten7832524097
Craig E. Banks7756927520
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202350
2022471
20211,600
20201,341
20191,110
20181,076