Manipal University

About: Manipal University is a education organization based out in Manipal, Karnataka, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 9525 authors who have published 11207 publications receiving 110687 citations.

Constraints on reconstructed dark energy model from SN Ia and BAO/CMB observations

Abstract: The motivation of the present work is to reconstruct a dark energy model through the dimensionless dark energy function X(z), which is the dark energy density in units of its present value. In this paper, we have shown that a scalar field $$\phi $$ having a phenomenologically chosen X(z) can give rise to a transition from a decelerated to an accelerated phase of expansion for the universe. We have examined the possibility of constraining various cosmological parameters (such as the deceleration parameter and the effective equation of state parameter) by comparing our theoretical model with the latest Type Ia Supernova (SN Ia), Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) and Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation observations. Using the joint analysis of the SN Ia $$+$$ BAO/CMB dataset, we have also reconstructed the scalar potential from the parametrized X(z). The relevant potential is found, a polynomial in $$\phi $$ . From our analysis, it has been found that the present model favors the standard $$\Lambda $$ CDM model within $$1\sigma $$ confidence level.

Preparation and Evaluation of Fast-Disintegrating Effervescent Tablets of Glibenclamide

Abstract: Fast-dissolving effervescent tablets (FETs) were prepared by the modification of nonreactive liquid-based wet granulation technique. Effervescent systems are not stable in the presence of trace amount of moisture, and elimination or inactivation of free water is the key to stability apart from manufacturing in controlled humidity environment. Our main objective of the project was to develop FETs of glibenclamide based on highly plastic granules that can be compressed at low pressure to form fast-melting pharmaceutical tablets. In this study, we have screened various acid and carbonate sources for the effervescent system. Citric acid was coated with plastic materials such as polyethylene glycol (PEG), which provide a physical barrier to the reaction. The inherent hygroscopic nature of PEG could decrease the affinity for moisture of effervescent mixtures and can provide a stabilizing effect. Sodium bicarbonate was blended with sugar alcohol like mannitol, which would give a protective coating. PEG 1000 melts at body temperature (approximately 37 degrees C) and thereby does not delay the reaction between the acid source and base. The present formulation using citric acid-sodium bicarbonate and citric acid-sodium glycine carbonate tablet with PEG and mannitol was found to have better reaction properties and reaction stability than does the standard citric acid-sodium bicarbonate tablet. FETs of glibenclamide might aid in dissolution due to increase in microenvironmental pH around the granules and saliva. Sensory study on disintegration time and mouth feel attributes ranked the present formulation based on grittiness, chalkiness, and overall preference as best.

Iron Sucrose Versus Oral Iron Therapy in Pregnancy Anemia

Abstract: Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common medical problem in pregnancy. Parenteral iron is a useful treatment, although iron dextran use decreased due to anaphylaxis. Iron sucrose is a newer agent that has overcome the shortcomings of iron dextran. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and tolerance of intravenous iron sucrose (IVIS) therapy with oral iron (OI) therapy in pregnant women with IDA and to study the factors influencing treatment. Materials and Methods: This prospective, randomized clinical trial included pregnant women between 14 and 36 weeks with established IDA who were treated with IVIS or OI (ferrous fumarate). All patients were monitored for laboratory response and adverse effects. Independent sample-t test, Chi square test and ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. P Results: Although hemoglobin increased in both the groups, increase in the reticulocyte count and percentage increase in hemoglobin was significantly higher in the IVIS group than in the OI group (23.62% vs. 14.11%). Serum ferritin was significantly higher in the IVIS group than in the OI group (P = 0.000). The IVIS group had no major side-effects. Compliance was good with OI, although 23% had gastrointestinal side-effects. Patient weight, gestation at diagnosis, initial hemoglobin and ferritin levels did not influence the response to treatment. Conclusion: IVIS is safe and effective in the treatment of IDA during pregnancy. Iron stores increased better with IVIS compared with OI.