Institution
Manipal University
Education•Manipal, Karnataka, India•
About: Manipal University is a education organization based out in Manipal, Karnataka, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 9525 authors who have published 11207 publications receiving 110687 citations.
Topics: Population, Medicine, Computer science, Health care, Cancer
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: It is shown that the quality of care in both the public and private sector falls short of international standards and urgently needs improvement.
133 citations
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TL;DR: This review provides an integrated overview of application of nanotechnology based molecular diagnostics and drug delivery in the development of nanomedicine and ultimately personalized medicine.
Abstract: Nanotechnology is an emerging branch of science for designing tools and devices of size 1 to 100 nm with specific function at the cellular, atomic and molecular levels. The concept of employing nanotechnology in biomedical research and clinical practice is best known as nanomedicine. Nanomedicine is an upcoming field that could potentially make a major impact to human health. Nanomaterials are increasingly used in diagnostics, imaging and targeted drug delivery. Nanotechnology will assist the integration of diagnostics/imaging with therapeutics and facilitates the development of personalized medicine, i.e. prescription of specific medications best suited for an individual. This review provides an integrated overview of application of nanotechnology based molecular diagnostics and drug delivery in the development of nanomedicine and ultimately personalized medicine. Finally, we identify critical gaps in our knowledge of nanoparticle toxicity and how these gaps need to be evaluated to enable nanotechnology to transit safely from bench to bedside.
132 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore, where a total of 200 students, 121 female and 79 male, were included in the study.
Abstract: Background
Self‐medication results in wastage of resources, increases
resistance of pathogens and generally causes serious health
hazards such as adverse drug reactions, prolonged suffering
and drug dependence. This study was undertaken to
determine the reasons for self‐medication and the pattern
of self‐medication among medical students.
Method
This cross‐sectional descriptive study was conducted at the
K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore. The participants
were medical students from first to final year. Medical
students were selected through convenience sampling. The
data was collected using a pre‐tested semi‐structured
questionnaire. The data was analysed using SPSS version 16
and the results expressed as proportions.
Results
A total of 200 students, 121 (60.5%) female and 79 (39.5%)
male, were included in the study. Of the medical students
surveyed, self‐medication was reported among 92%. The
respondents who used self‐medication found it to be timesaving
in providing relief from minor ailments. The most
common ailments for which self‐medication were used
were: the common cold (69%), fever (63%) and headache
(60%). The students consulted their textbooks (39%) and
seniors or classmates (38%) for the medications.
Antipyretics (71%), analgesics (65%), antihistamines (37%)
and antibiotics (34%) were the most common selfmedicated
drugs. Of the respondents, 33% were unaware of
the adverse effects of the medication and 5% had
experienced adverse reactions. The majority (64%) of
students advised medications to others, more often to
family and friends.
Conclusion
The prevalence of self‐medication among medical students
is high, facilitated by the easy availability of drugs and
information from textbooks or seniors. A significant number
of students are unaware of the adverse effects of the
medication that they themselves take and suggest to others.
Therefore, potential problems of self‐medication should be
emphasised to the students.
132 citations
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TL;DR: Low C9ORF72 protein levels support a disease mechanism in ALS/FTD resulting from reduced C9orf72, which can lead to autophagy deficits, synergizing with repeat-dependent gain of toxicity.
Abstract: Hexanucleotide expansions in C9orf72, which encodes a predicted guanine exchange factor, are the most frequent genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Although repeat expansion has been established to generate toxic products, mRNAs encoding the C9ORF72 protein are also reduced in affected individuals. In this study, we tested how C9ORF72 protein levels affected repeat-mediated toxicity. In somatic transgenic mice expressing 66 GGGGCC repeats, inactivation of one or both endogenous C9orf72 alleles provoked or accelerated, respectively, early death. In mice expressing a C9orf72 transgene with 450 repeats that did not encode the C9ORF72 protein, inactivation of one or both endogenous C9orf72 alleles exacerbated cognitive deficits, hippocampal neuron loss, glial activation and accumulation of dipeptide-repeat proteins from translation of repeat-containing RNAs. Reduced C9ORF72 was shown to suppress repeat-mediated elevation in autophagy. These efforts support a disease mechanism in ALS/FTD resulting from reduced C9ORF72, which can lead to autophagy deficits, synergizing with repeat-dependent gain of toxicity.
131 citations
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TL;DR: The data indicate that despite lower absorption and bioavailability of rutin, maximum efficacy was achieved in the case of GLE, which also comprises of other phytochemical groups including acetogenins that make up its natural complex environment.
Abstract: Phytochemical complexity of plant extracts may offer health-promoting benefits including chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive effects. Isolation of 'most-active fraction' or single constituents from whole extracts may not only compromise the therapeutic efficacy but also render toxicity, thus emphasizing the importance of preserving the natural composition of whole extracts. The leaves of Annona muricata, commonly known as Graviola, are known to be rich in flavonoids, isoquinoline alkaloids and annonaceous acetogenins. Here, we demonstrate phytochemical synergy among the constituents of Graviola leaf extract (GLE) compared to its flavonoid-enriched (FEF) and acetogenin-enriched (AEF) fractions. Comparative quantitation of flavonoids revealed enrichment of rutin (~7-fold) and quercetin-3-glucoside (Q-3-G, ~3-fold) in FEF compared to GLE. In vivo pharmacokinetics and in vitro absorption kinetics of flavonoids revealed enhanced bioavailability of rutin in FEF compared to GLE. However, GLE was more effective in inhibiting in vitro prostate cancer proliferation, viability and clonogenic capacity compared to FEF. Oral administration of 100mg/kg bw GLE showed ~1.2-fold higher tumor growth-inhibitory efficacy than FEF in human prostate tumor xenografts although the concentration of rutin and Q-3-G was more in FEF. Contrarily, AEF, despite its superior in vitro and in vivo efficacy, resulted in death of the mice due to toxicity. Our data indicate that despite lower absorption and bioavailability of rutin, maximum efficacy was achieved in the case of GLE, which also comprises of other phytochemical groups including acetogenins that make up its natural complex environment. Hence, our study emphasizes on evaluating the nature of interactions among Graviola leaf phytochemcials for developing favorable dose regimen for prostate cancer management to achieve optimal therapeutic benefits.
130 citations
Authors
Showing all 9740 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
John J.V. McMurray | 178 | 1389 | 184502 |
Ashok Kumar | 151 | 5654 | 164086 |
Zhanhu Guo | 128 | 886 | 53378 |
Vijay P. Singh | 106 | 1699 | 55831 |
Michael Walsh | 102 | 963 | 42231 |
Akhilesh Pandey | 100 | 529 | 53741 |
Vivekanand Jha | 94 | 958 | 85734 |
Manuel Hidalgo | 92 | 538 | 41330 |
Madhukar Pai | 89 | 522 | 33349 |
Ravi Kumar | 82 | 571 | 37722 |
Vijay V. Kakkar | 60 | 470 | 17731 |
G. Münzenberg | 58 | 336 | 9837 |
Abhishek Sharma | 52 | 426 | 9715 |
Ramesh R. Bhonde | 49 | 223 | 8397 |
Chandra P. Sharma | 48 | 325 | 12100 |