scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question

Showing papers by "Marche Polytechnic University published in 2018"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In a systematic review and meta‐analysis, celiac disease is found to be reported worldwide and there is a need for population‐based prevalence studies in many countries.

782 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The initial mechanisms responsible for hepatocellular damage and inflammation, which derive from the toxic effects of excess lipids, are analyzed and accumulating data indicate that the total amount of triglycerides stored in hepatocytes is not the major determinant of lipotoxicity.

498 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The article surveys the state-of-the-art in augmented-, virtual-, and mixed-reality systems as a whole and from a cultural heritage perspective and identifies specific application areas in digital cultural heritage and makes suggestions as to which technology is most appropriate in each case.
Abstract: A multimedia approach to the diffusion, communication, and exploitation of Cultural Heritage (CH) is a well-established trend worldwide. Several studies demonstrate that the use of new and combined media enhances how culture is experienced. The benefit is in terms of both number of people who can have access to knowledge and the quality of the diffusion of the knowledge itself. In this regard, CH uses augmented-, virtual-, and mixed-reality technologies for different purposes, including education, exhibition enhancement, exploration, reconstruction, and virtual museums. These technologies enable user-centred presentation and make cultural heritage digitally accessible, especially when physical access is constrained. A number of surveys of these emerging technologies have been conducted; however, they are either not domain specific or lack a holistic perspective in that they do not cover all the aspects of the technology. A review of these technologies from a cultural heritage perspective is therefore warranted. Accordingly, our article surveys the state-of-the-art in augmented-, virtual-, and mixed-reality systems as a whole and from a cultural heritage perspective. In addition, we identify specific application areas in digital cultural heritage and make suggestions as to which technology is most appropriate in each case. Finally, the article predicts future research directions for augmented and virtual reality, with a particular focus on interaction interfaces and explores the implications for the cultural heritage domain.

473 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Aude Nicolas1, Kevin P. Kenna2, Alan E. Renton1, Alan E. Renton3  +432 moreInstitutions (78)
21 Mar 2018-Neuron
TL;DR: Interestingly, mutations predominantly in the N-terminal motor domain of KIF5A are causative for two neurodegenerative diseases: hereditary spastic paraplegia and Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2.

444 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Honey possesses antimicrobial capacity and anticancer activity against different types of tumors, acting on different molecular pathways that are involved on cellular proliferation.
Abstract: Honey is a natural substance appreciated for its therapeutic abilities since ancient times. Its content in flavonoids and phenolic acids plays a key role on human health, thanks to the high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that they exert. Honey possesses antimicrobial capacity and anticancer activity against different types of tumors, acting on different molecular pathways that are involved on cellular proliferation. In addition, an antidiabetic activity has also been highlighted, with the reduction of glucose, fructosamine, and glycosylated hemoglobin serum concentration. Honey exerts also a protective effect in the cardiovascular system, where it mainly prevents the oxidation of low-density lipoproteins, in the nervous system, in the respiratory system against asthma and bacterial infections, and in the gastrointestinal system. A beneficial effect of honey can also be demonstrated in athletes. The purpose of this review is to summarize and update the current information regarding the role of honey in health and diseases.

366 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Major stage category definitional changes are in Tumor-Node-Metastasis classifications of testicular, penile, and prostate cancer which improve patient stratification for prognosis and management.

362 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A literature search was performed using MEDLINE/PubMed and scientific congress databases using the terms ‘BRAF,’ ‘mutation, and ‘cancer/tumor.’ These results were filtered to include diagnostic tests for determining BRAF mutation status as mentioned in this paper.

290 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This consensus aims to provide clinicians with guidelines for practical use and interpretation of the sublingual microcirculation and promote the integration of routine application of HVM microcirculatory monitoring in conventional hemodynamic monitoring of systemic hemodynamic variables.
Abstract: Hand-held vital microscopes (HVMs) were introduced to observe sublingual microcirculatory alterations at the bedside in different shock states in critically ill patients This consensus aims to provide clinicians with guidelines for practical use and interpretation of the sublingual microcirculation Furthermore, it aims to promote the integration of routine application of HVM microcirculatory monitoring in conventional hemodynamic monitoring of systemic hemodynamic variables In accordance with the Delphi method we organized three international expert meetings to discuss the various aspects of the technology, physiology, measurements, and clinical utility of HVM sublingual microcirculatory monitoring to formulate this consensus document A task force from the Cardiovascular Dynamics Section of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (with endorsement of its Executive Committee) created this consensus as an update of a previous consensus in 2007 We classified consensus statements as definitions, requirements, and/or recommendations, with a minimum requirement of 80% agreement of all participants In this consensus the nature of microcirculatory alterations is described The nature of variables, which can be extracted from analysis of microcirculatory images, is presented and the needed dataset of variables to identify microcirculatory alterations is defined Practical aspects of sublingual HVM measurements and the nature of artifacts are described Eleven statements were formulated that pertained to image acquisitions and quality statements Fourteen statements addressed the analysis of the images, and 13 statements are related to future developments This consensus describes 25 statements regarding the acquisition and interpretation of microcirculatory images needed to guide the assessment of the microcirculation in critically ill patients

280 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The hypothesis regarding the crucial trophic role of A. imberbis in connecting Mediterranean marine caves with external habitats is supported, as the stomach repletion of individuals sampled early in the morning was significantly higher than later in the day.
Abstract: Dark marine habitats are often characterized by a food-limited condition. Peculiar dark habitats include marine caves, characterized by the absence of light and limited water flow, which lead to reduced fluxes of organic matter for cave-dwelling organisms. We investigated whether the most abundant and common cave-dwelling fish Apogon imberbis has the potential to play the role of trophic vector in Mediterranean marine caves. We first analysed stomach contents to check whether repletion changes according to a nycthemeral cycle. We then identified the prey items, to see whether they belong to species associated with cave habitats or not. Finally, we assessed whether A. imberbis moves outside marine caves at night to feed, by collecting visual census data on A. imberbis density both inside and outside caves, by day and by night. The stomach repletion of individuals sampled early in the morning was significantly higher than later in the day. Most prey were typical of habitats other than caves. A. imberbis was on average more abundant within caves during the day and outside during the night. Our study supports the hypothesis regarding the crucial trophic role of A. imberbis in connecting Mediterranean marine caves with external habitats.

266 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This expert statement proposed during the third international conference on “Transbronchial Cryobiopsy in Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease” formulates evidence- and expert-based suggestions on the indications, contraindications, patient selection, and procedural aspects of the procedure.
Abstract: Transbronchial cryobiopsies (TBCB) have recently been introduced as a promising and safer alternative to surgical lung biopsy in the diagnostic approach to diffuse parenchymal lung diseases (DPLD). Despite a substantial and expanding body of literature, the technique has not yet been standardized and its place in the diagnostic algorithm of DPLD remains to be defined. In part, this reflects concerns over the diagnostic yield and safety of the procedure, together with the rapid spread of the technique without competency and safety standards; furthermore, there is a substantial procedural variability among centers and interventional pulmonologists. We report this expert statement proposed during the third international conference on "Transbronchial Cryobiopsy in Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease" (Ravenna, October 27-28, 2016), which formulates evidence- and expert-based suggestions on the indications, contraindications, patient selection, and procedural aspects of the procedure. The following 5 domains were reviewed: (1) what is the role of TBCB in the diagnostic evaluation of DPLD: patient selection; (2) pathological considerations; (3) contraindications and safety considerations; (4) how should TBCB be performed and in what procedural environment; and (5) who should perform TBCB. Finally, the existence of white paper recommendations may also reassure local hospital credentialing committees tasked with endorsing an adoption of the technique.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of microplastics on marine organisms were investigated in Mediterranean mussels, Mytilus galloprovincialis, using a quantitative weight of evidence (WOE) model.
Abstract: The ubiquitous occurrence of microplastics (MPs) in the marine environment is raising concern for interactions with marine organisms. These particles efficiently adsorb persistent organic pollutants from surrounding environment and, due to the small size, they are easily available for ingestion at all trophic levels. Once ingested, MPs can induce mechanical damage, sub- lethal effects and various cellular responses, further modulated by possible release of adsorbed chemicals or additives. In this study, ecotoxicological effects of MPs and their interactions with benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), chosen as a model compound for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated in Mediterranean mussels, Mytilus galloprovincialis. Organisms were exposed for four weeks to 10 mg/L of low-density polyethylene (LD-PE) microparticles (2.34x107 particles/L, size range 20-25 µm), both virgin and pre-contaminated with BaP (15µg/g). Organisms were also exposed for comparison to BaP dosed alone at 150 ng/L, corresponding to the amount adsorbed on microplastics. Tissue localization of microplastics was histologically evaluated; chemical analyses and a wide battery of biomarkers covering molecular, biochemical and cellular levels allowed to evaluate BaP bioaccumulation, alterations of immune system, antioxidant defenses, onset of oxidative stress, peroxisomal proliferation, genotoxicity and neurotoxicity. Obtained data were elaborated within a quantitative weight of evidence (WOE) model which, using weighted criteria, provided synthetic hazard indices, for both chemical and cellular results, before their integration in a combined index. Microplastics were localized in haemolymph, gills and especially digestive tissues where a potential transfer of BaP from MPs was also observed. Significant alterations were measured on the immune system, while more limited effects occurred on the oxidative status, neurotoxicity and genotoxicity, with a different susceptibility of analyzed pathways, depending on tissue, time and typology of exposure. Molecular analyses confirmed the general lack of significant variations on transcriptional activity of antioxidant and stress genes. The overall results suggest that microplastics induce a slight cellular toxicity under short-term (28 days) exposure conditions. However, modulation of immune responses, along with bioaccumulation of BaP, pose the still unexplored risk that these particles, under conditions of more chronic exposure (months to years) or interacting with other stressors, may provoke long-term, subtle effects on organisms’ health status.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The concept of inflammaging is described, being a chronic, systemic, low grade and therefore for a long time subclinical, inflammatory process, and how it is integrated in the context of ARD.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Emerging data suggest that polyphenols can regulate cellular lipid metabolism; vascular and endothelial function; haemostasis; as well as platelet function; which represent primary conditions for atherosclerotic plaque formation and development.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The aim of this review is to summarize the main adverse effects documented for marine species exposed in both field and laboratory conditions to different classes of pharmaceuticals including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, psychiatric, cardiovascular, hypocholesterolaemic drugs, steroid hormones and antibiotics.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is proposed that ECM should be considered as a crucial target for future therapeutics to control abnormal leiomyoma growth and associated clinical symptoms and the introduction of drugs that are specifically antifibrotic could be a good solution.
Abstract: Background Uterine leiomyoma (also known as fibroid or myoma) is the most common benign tumor of the uterus found in women of reproductive age. It is not usually fatal but can produce serious clinical symptoms, including excessive uterine bleeding, pelvic pain or pressure, infertility and pregnancy complications. Due to lack of effective medical treatments surgery has been a definitive choice for the management of this tumor. Objective and rationale Extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation and remodeling are thought to be crucial for fibrotic diseases such as uterine leiomyoma. Indeed, ECM plays important role in forming the bulk structure of leiomyoma, and the ECM-rich rigid structure within these tumors is thought to be a cause of abnormal bleeding and pelvic pain. Therefore, a better understanding of ECM accumulation and remodeling is critical for developing new therapeutics for uterine leiomyoma. Search methods PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for all original and review articles/book chapters related to ECM and medical treatments of uterine leiomyoma published in English until May 2017. Outcomes This review discusses the involvement of ECM in leiomyoma pathogenesis as well as current and future medical treatments that target ECM directly or indirectly. Uterine leiomyoma is characterized by elevated levels of collagens, fibronectin, laminins and proteoglycans. They can induce the mechanotransduction process, such as activation of the integrin-Rho/p38 MAPK/ERK pathway, resulting in cellular responses that are involved in pathogenesis and altered bidirectional signaling between leiomyoma cells and the ECM. ECM accumulation is affected by growth factors (TGF-β, activin-A and PDGF), cytokines (TNF-α), steroid hormones (estrogen and progesterone) and microRNAs (miR-29 family, miR-200c and miR-93/106b). Among these, TGF-βs (1 and 3) and activin-A have been suggested as key players in the accumulation of excessive ECM (fibrosis) in leiomyoma. The presence of elevated levels of ECM and myofibroblasts in leiomyoma supports the fibrotic character of these tumors. Interestingly, ECM may serve as a reservoir of profibrotic growth factors and enhance their activity by increasing their stability and extending their duration of signaling. At present, several classes of compounds, including gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist (leuprolide acetate), GnRH antagonist (cetrorelix acetate), selective progesterone receptor modulators (ulipristate acetate and asoprisnil), antiprogestin (mifepristone) and natural compounds like vitamin D and resveratrol have been studied as medical treatments that target ECM in uterine leiomyoma. Wider implications Although several types of drugs (mostly antiproliferative agents) are available for leiomyoma treatment, none of them were introduced specifically as antifibrotic agents. In light of its critical role in the process of fibrosis in leiomyoma, we propose that ECM should be considered as a crucial target for future therapeutics. Thus, the introduction of drugs that are specifically antifibrotic could be a good solution to control abnormal leiomyoma growth and associated clinical symptoms. The antifibrotic compounds can be introduced based on their ability to regulate ECM components and their receptors, as well as growth factors, cytokines, steroid hormones and their corresponding receptors and intracellular signaling pathways, as well as microRNAs, involved in ECM production in leiomyoma.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results indicate that occurrence of MPs in analysed biota is not influenced by organism habitat or trophic level, while characteristics and typology of polymers might be significantly affected by feeding mode of organisms.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Inclusion of IM-based diets significantly increased both hepatosomatic index and visceral somatic index of Atlantic salmon, showing that protein meal and oil from BSF larvae hold a great potential as a source of nutrients for Atlantic salmon.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The findings emphasise that IIM is a multisystem inflammatory disease and will help inform prognosis and clinical management of patients, and demonstrate the importance of extramuscular involvement in patients with IIM, its association with smoking and its influence on disease severity.
Abstract: Aims The EuroMyositis Registry facilitates collaboration across the idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) research community. This inaugural report examines pooled Registry data. Methods Cross-sectional analysis of IIM cases from 11 countries was performed. Associations between clinical subtypes, extramuscular involvement, environmental exposures and medications were investigated. Results Of 3067 IIM cases, 69% were female. The most common IIM subtype was dermatomyositis (DM) (31%). Smoking was more frequent in connective tissue disease overlap cases (45%, OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.90, p=0.012). Smoking was associated with interstitial lung disease (ILD) (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.65, p=0.013), dysphagia (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.77, p=0.001), malignancy ever (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.36 to 2.33, p Dysphagia occurred in 39% and cardiac involvement in 9%; either occurrence was associated with higher Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) scores (adjusted OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.43 to 2.23, p ILD occurred in 30%, most frequently in antisynthetase syndrome (71%, OR 10.7, 95% CI 8.6 to 13.4, p Conclusion This large multicentre cohort demonstrates the importance of extramuscular involvement in patients with IIM, its association with smoking and its influence on disease severity. Our findings emphasise that IIM is a multisystem inflammatory disease and will help inform prognosis and clinical management of patients.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A plethora of pathological cascades triggered by gluco- and lipotoxicity are dissected, converging on candidate phenomena possibly explaining the enduring pro-inflammatory program observed in diabetic tissues, i.e. persistent immune-system stimulation, accumulation of senescent cells, epigenetic rearrangements, and alterations in microbiota composition.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated consumer motivations and behaviours with regard to these alternative agri-food networks through an extended model of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), focusing on the role of consumer trust towards purchasing at short chains.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: ESPGHAN/ESPEN/ESPR/CSPEN guidelines on pediatric parenteral nutrition: Lipids Alexandre Lapillonne a, b, , Nata sa Fidler Mis, Olivier Goulet, Chris H.P. van den Akker, Jennifer Wu, Berthold Koletzko.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Nov 2018-Drugs
TL;DR: The aim of the study was to estimate the efficacy and safety of CBD as adjunctive treatment in patients with epilepsy using meta-analytical techniques.
Abstract: Approximately one-third of patients with epilepsy presents seizures despite adequate treatment. Hence, there is the need to search for new therapeutic options. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a major chemical component of the resin of Cannabis sativa plant, most commonly known as marijuana. The anti-seizure properties of CBD do not relate to the direct action on cannabinoid receptors, but are mediated by a multitude of mechanisms that include the agonist and antagonist effects on ionic channels, neurotransmitter transporters, and multiple 7-transmembrane receptors. In contrast to tetra-hydrocannabinol, CBD lacks psychoactive properties, does not produce euphoric or intrusive side effects, and is largely devoid of abuse liability. The aim of the study was to estimate the efficacy and safety of CBD as adjunctive treatment in patients with epilepsy using meta-analytical techniques. Randomized, placebo-controlled, single- or double-blinded add-on trials of oral CBD in patients with uncontrolled epilepsy were identified. Main outcomes included the percentage change and the proportion of patients with ≥ 50% reduction in monthly seizure frequency during the treatment period and the incidence of treatment withdrawal and adverse events (AEs). Four trials involving 550 patients with Lennox–Gastaut syndrome (LGS) and Dravet syndrome (DS) were included. The pooled average difference in change in seizure frequency during the treatment period resulted 19.5 [95% confidence interval (CI) 8.1–31.0; p = 0.001] percentage points between the CBD 10 mg and placebo groups and 19.9 (95% CI 11.8–28.1; p < 0.001) percentage points between the CBD 20 mg and placebo arms, in favor of CBD. The reduction in all-types seizure frequency by at least 50% occurred in 37.2% of the patients in the CBD 20 mg group and 21.2% of the placebo-treated participants [risk ratio (RR) 1.76, 95% CI 1.07–2.88; p = 0.025]. Across the trials, drug withdrawal for any reason occurred in 11.1% and 2.6% of participants receiving CBD and placebo, respectively (RR 3.54, 95% CI 1.55–8.12; p = 0.003) [Chi squared = 2.53, degrees of freedom (df) = 3, p = 0.506; I2 = 0.0%]. The RRs to discontinue treatment were 1.45 (95% CI 0.28–7.41; p = 0.657) and 4.20 (95% CI 1.82–9.68; p = 0.001) for CBD at the doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg/day, respectively, in comparison to placebo. Treatment was discontinued due to AEs in 8.9% and 1.8% of patients in the active and control arms, respectively (RR 5.59, 95% CI 1.87–16.73; p = 0.002). The corresponding RRs for CBD at the doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg/day were 1.66 (95% CI 0.22–12.86; p = 0.626) and 6.89 (95% CI 2.28–20.80; p = 0.001). AEs occurred in 87.9% and 72.2% of patients treated with CBD and placebo (RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.11–1.33; p < 0.001). AEs significantly associated with CBD were somnolence, decreased appetite, diarrhea, and increased serum aminotransferases. Adjunctive CBD in patients with LGS or DS experiencing seizures uncontrolled by concomitant anti-epileptic treatment regimens is associated with a greater reduction in seizure frequency and a higher rate of AEs than placebo.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The role of some nutrients and, in particular, of healthy dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet and other emerging healthy diets, DASH (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension) and MIND (Mediterranean-DASH dietIntervention for Neurodegenerative Delay), for the maintenance of cognitive performance are reviewed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that edible insects powder can successfully be included in leavened baked goods to enhance their protein content, proving that edible Insects can constitute a novel source of innovative ingredients to be used in bread making.
Abstract: Recently, the high nutritional value of edible insects attracted the attention of researchers and food industry for their potential use in foods with enhanced nutritional characteristics. In this study cricket (Acheta domesticus) powder was added to wheat flour to obtain bread with enhanced nutritional value. Bread loaves were obtained from doughs produced using different blends of wheat flour and cricket powder added in amounts of 10 or 30% (based on wheat flour) and baker's yeast and/or sourdough. Raw materials, doughs and breads were subjected to technological, microbiological, chemical and sensory analyses. Overall, a negative linear correlation between the amount of added cricket powder and the dough technological parameters was seen. However, compared to control breads produced with the sole wheat flour, breads containing cricket powder showed a higher nutritional profile in terms of fatty acid composition, high protein content and occurrence of essential amino acids. Finally, bread enriched with 10% cricket powder showed a discrete global liking by untrained panelists. Data overall collected highlighted a good suitability of cricket powder for the production of enriched bread. Of note, the presence of spore-forming bacteria in cricket-based bread loaves, thus highlighting potential safety issues to be deepened. Industrial relevance The present study demonstrated that edible insects powder can successfully be included in leavened baked goods to enhance their protein content. The present research also responds to the growing awareness of consumers towards innovative and wholesome leavened goods, proving that edible insects can constitute a novel source of innovative ingredients to be used in bread making.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Ambulatory oxygen seemed to be associated with improved HRQOL in patients with interstitial lung disease with isolated exertional hypoxia and could be an effective intervention in this patient group, who have few therapeutic options, but further studies are needed to confirm this finding.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The NLR was associated with 30-day mortality and morbidity after ICH, and improved the accuracy of outcome prediction when added to the Modified ICH score.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A NILM algorithm based on the Deep Neural Networks is proposed, which outperforms the AFAMAP algorithm both in seen and unseen condition, and that it exhibits a significant robustness in presence of noise.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The beneficial effects of polyphenol-rich foods in relation to the Mediterranean diet and the dietary habits of long-lived individuals are discussed, and their ability to modulate bacterial genera in the gut is examined.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the state-of-the-art of experimentally-determined thermophysical properties of a number of HFOs working fluids and their mixtures also with other categories of refrigerants is presented, with particular emphasis placed on saturation and critical properties.
Abstract: In the present work, a large number of compounds described in the publicly available literature have been reviewed with the aim to identify possible substitutes for high-GWP HFCs in HVAC&R and organic Rankine cycle (ORC) applications. Taking into account various criteria (particularly low toxicity, low flammability, low GWP, and high energy efficiency), only a few single-component compounds are suitable for many of the relevant applications. In particular, in addition to natural fluids, studies have shown that there are only a few HFCs and a dozen or so HFOs, i.e. halogenated olefins characterized by the presence of a C C double bond in the molecule, that are potentially suitable for a number of relevant applications. Here, a review of the present state-of-the-art of experimentally-determined thermophysical properties of a number of HFOs working fluids and their mixtures also with other categories of refrigerants is presented, with particular emphasis placed on saturation and critical properties, vapor phase PVT data, liquid density, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity, viscosity, and surface tension.