Marche Polytechnic University

About: Marche Polytechnic University is a education organization based out in Ancona, Italy. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Prostate cancer. The organization has 5905 authors who have published 15769 publications receiving 382286 citations. The organization is also known as: Universitá Politecnica delle Marche & Universita Politecnica delle Marche.

Gorgonian population recovery after a mass mortality event

Abstract: 1. Mass mortality events are becoming more common all over the world, both in tropical and temperate seas. An extensive mortality occurred in the Mediterranean Sea in 1999, affecting many benthic species, mainly sponges and gorgonians. 2. The recovery of a population of the sea fan Paramuricea clavata, for a period of 3 yr, from 1999 to 2002, was studied by both line transects and fixed frames. The average size of the colonies decreased, indicating a size-dependent mortality episode, but their density, as a result of successful recruitment, was not altered after 3 yr. 3. P. clavata showed three recovery patterns: (i) sexual reproduction, (ii) coenenchyme regeneration and (iii) fragmentation of affected branches. Moreover, the growth rates of small colonies varied in the different years. The sex ratio of the population was also altered, with females being more affected than males; the population studied showed a significant male bias (3.3:1, n=150), varying greatly from the typical sex ratio (1:1) previously recorded in the same population before the mass mortality event. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Abnormal liver function tests predict transfer to intensive care unit and death in COVID-19.

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a relevant threat for humans worldwide. Abnormality in liver function tests (LFTs) has been commonly observed in patients with COVID-19, but there is controversy on its clinical significance. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, the characteristics and the clinical impact of abnormal LFTs in hospitalized, non-critically ill patients with COVID-19. METHODS: In this multicentre, retrospective study, we collected data about 565 inpatients with COVID-19. Data on LFTs were collected at admission and every 7 ± 2 days during the hospitalization. The primary outcome was a composite endpoint of death or transfer to intensive care unit (ICU). RESULTS: Upon admission 329 patients (58%) had LFTs abnormality. Patients with abnormal LFTs had more severe inflammation and higher degree of organ dysfunction than those without. During hospitalization, patients with abnormal LFTs had a higher rate of transfer to ICU (20% vs 8%; P < .001), acute kidney injury (22% vs 13%, P = .009), need for mechanical ventilation (14% vs 6%; P = .005) and mortality (21% vs 11%; P = .004) than those without. In multivariate analysis, patients with abnormal LFTs had a higher risk of the composite endpoint of death or transfer to ICU (OR = 3.53; P < .001). During the hospitalization, 86 patients developed de novo LFTs abnormality, which was associated with the use of tocilizumab, lopinavir/ritonavir and acetaminophen and not clearly associated with the composite endpoint. CONCLUSIONS: LFTs abnormality is common at admission in patients with COVID-19, is associated with systemic inflammation, organ dysfunction and is an independent predictor of transfer to ICU or death.

Up-regulation of GLT-1 severely impairs LTD at mossy fibre--CA3 synapses.

Abstract: Glutamate transporters are responsible for clearing synaptically released glutamate from the extracellular space. By this action, they maintain low levels of ambient glutamate, thus preventing excitotoxic damage, and contribute to shaping synaptic currents. We show that up-regulation of the glutamate transporter GLT-1 by ceftriaxone severely impaired mGluR-dependent long-term depression (LTD), induced at rat mossy fibre (MF)–CA3 synapses by repetitive stimulation of afferent fibres. This effect involved GLT-1, since LTD was rescued by the selective GLT-1 antagonist dihydrokainate (DHK). DHK per se produced a modest decrease in fEPSP amplitude that rapidly regained control levels after DHK wash out. Moreover, the degree of fEPSP inhibition induced by the low-affinity glutamate receptor antagonist γ-DGG was similar during basal synaptic transmission but not during LTD, indicating that in ceftriaxone-treated rats LTD induction did not alter synaptic glutamate transient concentration. Furthermore, ceftriaxone-induced GLT-1 up-regulation significantly reduced the magnitude of LTP at MF–CA3 synapses but not at Schaffer collateral–CA1 synapses. Postembedding immunogold studies in rats showed an increased density of gold particles coding for GLT-1a in astrocytic processes and in mossy fibre terminals; in the latter, gold particles were located near and within the active zones. In both CEF-treated and untreated GLT-1 KO mice used for verifying the specificity of immunostaining, the density of gold particles in MF terminals was comparable to background levels. The enhanced expression of GLT-1 at release sites may prevent activation of presynaptic receptors, thus revealing a novel mechanism by which GLT-1 regulates synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus.

Temperature Effects on The Shear Behaviour of Tack Coat Emulsions Used in Flexible Pavements

Abstract: In this paper, the authors present the experimental results obtained in the laboratory by using the ASTRA interface shear test for the performance-related characterisation of tack coat emulsions. The test focuses on the failure properties of bituminous multi-layered systems and yields results which may be modelled by means of a straightforward theoretical approach based on the identification of various strength components due to cohesion, pure friction and dilatancy. It was found that the latest version of the testing apparatus may be conveniently used to evaluate temperature-related effects. This was done in a research project in which test conditions were obtained by combining test temperatures and normal stress levels comprised within wide variation ranges.