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International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources1, Indonesian Institute of Sciences2, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration3, Brown University4, University of Costa Rica5, University of Hawaii at Manoa6, University of Tasmania7, Newcastle University8, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute9, National Museum of Natural History10, De La Salle University11, University of the South Pacific12, National Marine Fisheries Service13, Silliman University14, James Cook University15, Zoological Society of London16, University of Warwick17, Conservation International18, Museum of Tropical Queensland19, University of Puerto Rico20, Marine Conservation Society21
TL;DR: The Caribbean has the largest proportion of corals in high extinction risk categories, whereas the Coral Triangle has the highest proportion of species in all categories of elevated extinction risk.
Abstract: The conservation status of 845 zooxanthellate reef-building coral species was assessed by using International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List Criteria. Of the 704 species that could be assigned conservation status, 32.8% are in categories with elevated risk of extinction. Declines in abundance are associated with bleaching and diseases driven by elevated sea surface temperatures, with extinction risk further exacerbated by local-scale anthropogenic disturbances. The proportion of corals threatened with extinction has increased dramatically in recent decades and exceeds that of most terrestrial groups. The Caribbean has the largest proportion of corals in high extinction risk categories, whereas the Coral Triangle (western Pacific) has the highest proportion of species in all categories of elevated extinction risk. Our results emphasize the widespread plight of coral reefs and the urgent need to enact conservation measures.
1,272 citations
University of East Anglia1, The Lodge2, University of Sheffield3, Butterfly Conservation4, Macaulay Institute5, British Trust for Ornithology6, University of Wolverhampton7, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science8, British Ecological Society9, Cardiff University10, Imperial College London11, United States Department of Energy Office of Science12, English Nature13, Temple University14, University of Leeds15, University of Oxford16, Environment Agency17, Countryside Agency18, University of Birmingham19, Wildlife Trusts20, Marine Conservation Society21, University of Stirling22, University of York23, University of Manchester24
TL;DR: To find out what those questions are in the UK, representatives from 28 organizations involved in policy, together with scientists from 10 academic institutions, were asked to generate a list of questions, with the most striking outcome the preference for general questions rather than narrow ones.
Abstract: 1. Evidence-based policy requires researchers to provide the answers to ecological questions that are of interest to policy makers. To find out what those questions are in the UK, representatives from 28 organizations involved in policy, together with scientists from 10 academic institutions, were asked to generate a list of questions from their organizations.
2. During a 2-day workshop the initial list of 1003 questions generated from consulting at least 654 policy makers and academics was used as a basis for generating a short list of 100 questions of significant policy relevance. Short-listing was decided on the basis of the preferences of the representatives from the policy-led organizations.
3. The areas covered included most major issues of environmental concern in the UK, including agriculture, marine fisheries, climate change, ecosystem function and land management.
4. The most striking outcome was the preference for general questions rather than narrow ones. The reason is that policy is driven by broad issues rather than specific ones. In contrast, scientists are frequently best equipped to answer specific questions. This means that it may be necessary to extract the underpinning specific question before researchers can proceed.
5. Synthesis and applications. Greater communication between policy makers and scientists is required in order to ensure that applied ecologists are dealing with issues in a way that can feed into policy. It is particularly important that applied ecologists emphasize the generic value of their work wherever possible.
469 citations
Scottish Association for Marine Science1, University of Aberdeen2, Bangor University3, University of Brighton4, University of Dundee5, James Hutton Institute6, Birmingham City University7, Aberystwyth University8, University of Edinburgh9, University of the Highlands and Islands10, Anglia Ruskin University11, University of St Andrews12, University of Exeter13, Edge Hill University14, Marine Conservation Society15, Natural Resources Wales16
TL;DR: In this article, a framework of shared/social values across five dimensions: value concept, provider, intention, scale, and elicitation process is proposed for valuation of ecosystem services.
375 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that pelagic sharks have limited spatial refuge from current levels of fishing effort in marine areas beyond national jurisdictions (the high seas), demonstrating an urgent need for conservation and management measures at high-seas hotspots of shark space use.
Abstract: Effective ocean management and the conservation of highly migratory species depend on resolving the overlap between animal movements and distributions, and fishing effort. However, this information is lacking at a global scale. Here we show, using a big-data approach that combines satellite-tracked movements of pelagic sharks and global fishing fleets, that 24% of the mean monthly space used by sharks falls under the footprint of pelagic longline fisheries. Space-use hotspots of commercially valuable sharks and of internationally protected species had the highest overlap with longlines (up to 76% and 64%, respectively), and were also associated with significant increases in fishing effort. We conclude that pelagic sharks have limited spatial refuge from current levels of fishing effort in marine areas beyond national jurisdictions (the high seas). Our results demonstrate an urgent need for conservation and management measures at high-seas hotspots of shark space use, and highlight the potential of simultaneous satellite surveillance of megafauna and fishers as a tool for near-real-time, dynamic management.
214 citations
TL;DR: Statistics of annual demersal fish landings from bottom trawl catches landing in England and Wales dating back to 1889 are compiled, using previously neglected UK Government data to estimate the change in landings per unit of fishing power (LPUP), a measure of the commercial productivity of fisheries.
Abstract: Fish stocks in the ocean are known to be under threat. Here, using government data describing commercial fish landings, Thurstan and colleagues show that these stocks began to decline rapidly in the 1970s.
212 citations
Authors
Showing all 62 results
| Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
|---|---|---|---|
| David Rowat | 18 | 30 | 1290 |
| Peter B. Richardson | 15 | 21 | 595 |
| Susan Ranger | 13 | 17 | 738 |
| B. D. Beukers-Stewart | 13 | 16 | 652 |
| Jean-Luc Solandt | 12 | 20 | 741 |
| Laura C. Foster | 6 | 7 | 321 |
| Amdeep Sanghera | 6 | 10 | 224 |
| Ehab Eid | 5 | 10 | 119 |
| Georgia C. A. French | 4 | 6 | 74 |
| Adèle Cadinouche | 4 | 5 | 37 |
| Elizabeth Wood | 4 | 4 | 1265 |
| Imogen Webster | 4 | 7 | 39 |
| Chris Wood | 4 | 7 | 49 |
| Ray Drabble | 3 | 6 | 33 |
| Robert A. DiGiovanni | 3 | 12 | 86 |