Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg

About: Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg is a education organization based out in Halle, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Liquid crystal. The organization has 20232 authors who have published 38773 publications receiving 965004 citations. The organization is also known as: MLU & University of Wittenberg.

Applications of polyparameter linear free energy relationships in environmental chemistry.

Abstract: Partitioning behavior of organic chemicals has tremendous influences on their environmental distribution, reaction rates, bioaccumulation, and toxic effects. Polyparameter linear free energy relationships (PP-LFERs) have been proven to be useful to characterize the equilibrium partitioning of organic chemicals in various environmental and technical partitioning systems and predict the respective partition coefficients. Over the past decade, PP-LFER solute descriptors for numerous environmentally relevant organic chemicals and system parameters for environmentally important partitioning systems have been determined, extending substantially the applicability of the PP-LFER approaches. However, the information needed for the use of PP-LFERs including descriptors and parameters is scattered over a large number of publications. In this work, we review the state of the art of the PP-LFER approaches in environmental chemical applications. The solute descriptors and system parameters reported in the literature an...

Screening for high‐grade cervical intra‐epithelial neoplasia and cancer by testing for high‐risk HPV, routine cytology or colposcopy

Abstract: The validity of testing for high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical cancer prevention programs is undetermined We compared the performance on primary screening of HPV DNA testing, cytology and colposcopy in detecting cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 2 or 3 or cancer A cohort of 4,761 women, median age 35 years, was screened by routine cytology, routine colposcopy and testing for high-risk HPV by a PCR-based method Within an 8-month period, women with abnormal findings on cytology or screening colposcopy or in whom high-risk HPV types were detected were referred for colposcopy and biopsy Women negative on all initial screening tests were followed by a second screening examination To correct for work-up bias, the true prevalence of CIN 2 or 3 or cancer was estimated by projection from histologically verified subgroups Cervical biopsies were taken in 364 women (76%), of whom 114 (24%) showed CIN 2 (n = 34) or CIN 3 (n = 71) or cancer (n = 9) High-risk HPV testing achieved bias-corrected performance measures of 894% sensitivity, 939% specificity, 358% positive predictive value and 996% negative predictive value Bias-corrected rates of true- and false-positives by high-risk HPV testing compared to cytology (colposcopy) were about 45 (67) and 191 (74) times higher, respectively The quality of routine cytology was controlled by computer-assisted review, and the observed number of true-positives more than doubled after adding automated review results In middle-aged women, testing for high-risk HPV types, particularly when negative, may be used to increase the screening interval in programs for secondary prevention of cervical cancer

BioTIME: A database of biodiversity time series for the Anthropocene

Abstract: Motivation: The BioTIME database contains raw data on species identities and abundances in ecological assemblages through time. These data enable users to calculate temporal trends in biodiversity within and amongst assemblages using a broad range of metrics. BioTIME is being developed as a community-led open-source database of biodiversity time series. Our goal is to accelerate and facilitate quantitative analysis of temporal patterns of biodiversity in the Anthropocene.Main types of variables included: The database contains 8,777,413 species abundance records, from assemblages consistently sampled for a minimum of 2 years, which need not necessarily be consecutive. In addition, the database contains metadata relating to sampling methodology and contextual information about each record.Spatial location and grain: BioTIME is a global database of 547,161 unique sampling locations spanning the marine, freshwater and terrestrial realms. Grain size varies across datasets from 0.0000000158 km(2) (158 cm(2)) to 100 km(2) (1,000,000,000,000 cm(2)).Time period and grainBio: TIME records span from 1874 to 2016. The minimal temporal grain across all datasets in BioTIME is a year.Major taxa and level of measurement: BioTIME includes data from 44,440 species across the plant and animal kingdoms, ranging from plants, plankton and terrestrial invertebrates to small and large vertebrates.