Institution
Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg
Education•Halle, Germany•
About: Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg is a education organization based out in Halle, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Liquid crystal. The organization has 20232 authors who have published 38773 publications receiving 965004 citations. The organization is also known as: MLU & University of Wittenberg.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: An overview of the current state of research in the field of biaxial nematic liquid crystalline materials is given in this paper, where the major theoretical concepts are outlined, including the classification to different symmetries, the importance of cooperativity and cluster formation for the development of BN order and the conditions for the establishment of field induced and spontaneous BN in nematic phases.
Abstract: An overview over the current state of research in the field of biaxial nematic liquid crystalline materials is given. After a short introduction, providing some general aspects and summarizing the classical approaches, the main part focuses on recent developments of new concepts for designing biaxial nematics. First, the major theoretical concepts are outlined, including the classification to different symmetries, the importance of cooperativity and cluster formation for the development of biaxial order and the conditions for the establishment of field induced and spontaneous biaxiality in nematic phases. These new concepts also require the re-evaluation of the tools used for the identification of phase biaxiality, which are discussed briefly. In the second part, recent progress in the design of potential biaxial nematic materials, especially focussing on bent-core molecules with nematic phases, is reported and, finally, comparisons with phase biaxiality as observed in smectic liquid crystals are made.
299 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the roots of the chemistry of conventional rod-like liquid crystals are briefly considered and low-molecular-weight liquid crystals were analyzed in terms of rigid groups (rod-like and disc-like ring systems), flexible groups, polar groups and short, linking segments.
Abstract: The roots of the chemistry of conventional rod-like liquid crystals are briefly considered The low-molecular-weight liquid crystals are analysed in terms of rigid groups (rod-like and disc-like ring systems), flexible groups, polar groups and short, linking segments On the basis of this analysis, the liquid-crystalline compounds actually existing can be classified into 48 types, which are illustrated with the aid of examples The relationships of low-molecular-weight and polymeric liquid crystals are briefly indicated Finally, from the presented material, some general conclusions are drawn
298 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the present knowledge of the new treatment technologies for wastewater with high nitrogen loads and the influence of environmental factors and the reactor configuration on the nitrogen transformation process and microbial activity.
Abstract: Over the past few years, new technologies for nitrogen removal have been developed mainly because of the increasing financial costs of the traditional wastewater treatment technologies. Newly discovered pathways, like the anaerobic oxidation of ammonium (ANAMMOX), and uses for nitrogen removal technologies are under discussion. Processes and technologies such as: Partial nitrification; Single reactor systems for High Ammonium Removal Over Nitrite (SHARON); Anammox; Aerobic/anoxic deammonification; Oxygen Limited Autotrophic Nitrification-Denitrification (OLAND); Completely Autotrophic Nitrogen Removal Over Nitrite (CANON); wetland based systems, all have a high potential for nitrogen removal. However, the pathways of nitrogen transformation processes are very complex. An understanding of how various environmental factors affect these processes and a sound knowledge of existing, worldwide experience pertaining to these novel technologies are the key if the nitrogen removal rates are to be improved and success is to be realized in full-scale applications. This review describes the present knowledge of the new treatment technologies for wastewater with high nitrogen loads. Special emphasis is given to the influence of environmental factors and the reactor configuration on the nitrogen transformation process and microbial activity.
298 citations
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TL;DR: This review describes the constitutive and regulated expression of molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I antigen processing machinery (APM), co-stimulatory B7 molecules and HLA-G and their functional role in mounting and controlling immune responses mediated by different immune cell subpopulations.
297 citations
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Chulalongkorn University1, University of Münster2, Cleveland Clinic3, University of Fukui4, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute5, Case Western Reserve University6, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences7, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg8, University of Chicago9, University of Colorado Denver10, University of Tokyo11, Kyoto University12
TL;DR: An adult familial acute myeloid leukemia (AML) syndrome caused by germline mutations in the DEAD/H-box helicase gene DDX41 is described, suggesting that they constitute a family of tumor suppressor genes.
297 citations
Authors
Showing all 20466 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Niels Birbaumer | 142 | 835 | 77853 |
Michael Schmitt | 134 | 2007 | 114667 |
Niels E. Skakkebæk | 127 | 596 | 59925 |
Stefan D. Anker | 117 | 415 | 104945 |
Pedro W. Crous | 115 | 809 | 51925 |
Eric Verdin | 115 | 370 | 47971 |
Bernd Nilius | 112 | 496 | 44812 |
Josep Tabernero | 111 | 803 | 68982 |
Hans-Dieter Volk | 107 | 784 | 46622 |
Dan Rujescu | 106 | 552 | 60406 |
John I. Nurnberger | 105 | 522 | 51402 |
Ulrich Gösele | 102 | 603 | 46223 |
Wolfgang J. Parak | 102 | 469 | 43307 |
Martin F. Bachmann | 100 | 415 | 34124 |
Munir Pirmohamed | 97 | 675 | 39822 |