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Institution

Mayo Clinic

HealthcareRochester, Minnesota, United States
About: Mayo Clinic is a healthcare organization based out in Rochester, Minnesota, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Transplantation. The organization has 63387 authors who have published 169578 publications receiving 8114006 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Develop a cerebrospinal fluid biomarker signature for mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) in Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) subjects.
Abstract: If the clinical diagnosis of probable AD is imprecise with accuracy rates of approximately 90% or lower using established consensus criteria for probable AD, but definite AD requires autopsy confirmation, it is not surprising that diagnostic accuracy is lower at early and presymptomatic stages of AD.1–4 It is believed that the development of full-blown AD takes place over an approximately 20-year prodromal period, but this is difficult to determine in the absence of biomarkers that reliably signal the onset of nascent disease before the emergence of measurable cognitive impairments. Because intervention with disease-modifying therapies for AD is likely to be most efficacious before significant neurodegeneration has occurred, there is an urgent need for biomarker-based tests that enable a more accurate and early diagnosis of AD.5–7 Moreover, such tests could also improve monitoring AD progression, evaluation of new AD therapies, and enrichment of AD cohorts with specific subsets of AD subjects in clinical trials. The defining lesions of AD are neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques formed, respectively, by neuronal accumulations of abnormal hyperphosphorylated tau filaments and extracellular deposits of amyloid β (Aβ) fibrils, mostly the 1 to 42 peptide (Aβ1-42), the least soluble of the known Aβ peptides produced from Aβ precursor protein by the action of various peptidases.1–3 Hence, for these and other reasons summarized in consensus reports on AD biomarkers, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), total tau (t-tau), and Aβ were identified as being among the most promising and informative AD biomarkers.5,6 Increased levels of tau in CSF are thought to occur after its release from damaged and dying neurons that harbor dystrophic tau neurites and tangles, whereas reduced CSF levels of Aβ1-42 are believed to result from large-scale accumulation of this least soluble of Aβ peptides into insoluble plaques in the AD brain. The combination of increased CSF concentrations of t-tau and phosphotau (p-tau) species and decreased concentrations of Aβ1-42 are considered to be a pathological CSF biomarker signature that is diagnostic for AD.5,6,8,9 Notably, recent studies have provided compelling preliminary data to suggest that this combination of CSF tau and Aβ biomarker changes may predict the conversion to AD in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subjects.10 Thus, an increase in levels of CSF tau associated with a decline in levels of CSF Aβ1-42 may herald the onset of AD before it becomes clinically manifest. However, before the utility of CSF Aβ1-42 and tau concentrations for diagnosis of AD can be established, it is critical to standardize the methodology for their measurement.5–8,10 For example, among the published studies of CSF tau and Aβ, there is considerable variability in the observed levels of these analytes, as well as their diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. This is attributable to variability in analytical methodology standardization and other factors that differ between studies of the same CSF analytes in similar but not identical cohorts.5–7 The Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) was launched in 2004 to address these and other limitations in AD biomarkers (see reviews in Shaw and colleagues7 and Mueller and coauthors,11 and the ADNI Web site [http://www.adni-info.org/index] where the ADNI grant and all ADNI data are posted for public access). To this end, the Biomarker Core of ADNI conducts studies on ADNI-derived CSF samples to measure CSF Aβ1-42, t-tau, and p-tau (tau phosphorylated at threonine181 [p-tau181p]) in standardized assays. Evaluation of CSF obtained at baseline evaluation of 416 of the 819 ADNI subjects is now complete, and we report here our findings on the performance of these tests using a standardized multiplex immunoassay system that measures the biomarkers simultaneously in the same sample aliquot in ADNI subjects and in an independent cohort of autopsy-confirmed AD cases.

1,912 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Improvements in total body bone mineral content and growth velocity were associated with increases in growth velocity and reduced frequencies of bone fracture, indicating the feasibility of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in the treatment of osteogenesis imperfecta and perhaps other mesenchymal stem cell disorders as well.
Abstract: In principle, transplantation of mesenchymal progenitor cells would attenuate or possibly correct genetic disorders of bone, cartilage and muscle, but clinical support for this concept is lacking. Here we describe the initial results of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in three children with osteogenesis imperfecta, a genetic disorder in which osteoblasts produce defective type I collagen, leading to osteopenia, multiple fractures, severe bony deformities and considerably shortened stature. Three months after osteoblast engraftment (1.5-2.0% donor cells), representative specimens of trabecular bone showed histologic changes indicative of new dense bone formation. All patients had increases in total body bone mineral content ranging from 21 to 29 grams (median, 28), compared with predicted values of 0 to 4 grams (median, 0) for healthy children with similar changes in weight. These improvements were associated with increases in growth velocity and reduced frequencies of bone fracture. Thus, allogeneic bone marrow transplantation can lead to engraftment of functional mesenchymal progenitor cells, indicating the feasibility of this strategy in the treatment of osteogenesis imperfecta and perhaps other mesenchymal stem cell disorders as well.

1,911 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Seth Flaxman1, Rupert R A Bourne2, Serge Resnikoff3, Serge Resnikoff4, Peter Ackland5, Tasanee Braithwaite6, Maria V Cicinelli, Aditi Das7, Jost B. Jonas8, Jill E Keeffe9, John H. Kempen10, Janet L Leasher11, Hans Limburg, Kovin Naidoo4, Kovin Naidoo12, Konrad Pesudovs13, Alexander J Silvester, Gretchen A Stevens14, Nina Tahhan3, Nina Tahhan4, Tien Yin Wong15, Hugh R. Taylor16, Rupert R A Bourne2, Aries Arditi, Yaniv Barkana, Banu Bozkurt17, Alain M. Bron, Donald L. Budenz18, Feng Cai, Robert J Casson19, Usha Chakravarthy20, Jaewan Choi, Maria Vittoria Cicinelli, Nathan Congdon20, Reza Dana21, Rakhi Dandona22, Lalit Dandona23, Iva Dekaris, Monte A. Del Monte24, Jenny deva25, Laura E. Dreer26, Leon B. Ellwein27, Marcela Frazier26, Kevin D. Frick28, David S. Friedman28, João M. Furtado29, H. Gao30, Gus Gazzard31, Ronnie George32, Stephen Gichuhi33, Victor H. Gonzalez, Billy R. Hammond34, Mary Elizabeth Hartnett35, Minguang He16, James F. Hejtmancik, Flavio E. Hirai36, John J Huang37, April D. Ingram38, Jonathan C. Javitt28, Jost B. Jonas8, Charlotte E. Joslin39, John H Kempen10, Moncef Khairallah, Rohit C Khanna9, Judy E. Kim40, George N. Lambrou41, Van C. Lansingh, Paolo Lanzetta42, Jennifer I. Lim43, Kaweh Mansouri, Anu A. Mathew44, Alan R. Morse, Beatriz Munoz, David C. Musch24, Vinay Nangia, Maria Palaiou10, Maurizio Battaglia Parodi, Fernando Yaacov Pena, Tunde Peto20, Harry A. Quigley, Murugesan Raju45, Pradeep Y. Ramulu46, Zane Rankin15, Dana Reza21, Alan L. Robin23, Luca Rossetti47, Jinan B. Saaddine46, Mya Sandar15, Janet B. Serle48, Tueng T. Shen23, Rajesh K. Shetty49, Pamela C. Sieving27, Juan Carlos Silva50, Rita S. Sitorus51, Dwight Stambolian52, Gretchen Stevens14, Hugh Taylor16, Jaime Tejedor, James M. Tielsch28, Miltiadis K. Tsilimbaris53, Jan C. van Meurs, Rohit Varma54, Gianni Virgili55, Ya Xing Wang56, Ningli Wang56, Sheila K. West, Peter Wiedemann57, Tien Wong15, Richard Wormald6, Yingfeng Zheng15 
Imperial College London1, Anglia Ruskin University2, University of New South Wales3, Brien Holden Vision Institute4, International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness5, Moorfields Eye Hospital6, York Hospital7, Heidelberg University8, L V Prasad Eye Institute9, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary10, Nova Southeastern University11, University of KwaZulu-Natal12, National Health and Medical Research Council13, World Health Organization14, National University of Singapore15, University of Melbourne16, Selçuk University17, University of Miami18, University of Adelaide19, Queen's University Belfast20, Harvard University21, The George Institute for Global Health22, University of Washington23, University of Michigan24, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman25, University of Alabama at Birmingham26, National Institutes of Health27, Johns Hopkins University28, University of São Paulo29, Henry Ford Health System30, University College London31, Sankara Nethralaya32, University of Nairobi33, University of Georgia34, University of Utah35, Federal University of São Paulo36, Yale University37, Alberta Children's Hospital38, University of Illinois at Chicago39, Medical College of Wisconsin40, Novartis41, University of Udine42, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign43, Royal Children's Hospital44, University of Missouri45, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention46, University of Milan47, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai48, Mayo Clinic49, Pan American Health Organization50, University of Indonesia51, University of Pennsylvania52, University of Crete53, University of Southern California54, University of Florence55, Capital Medical University56, Leipzig University57
TL;DR: A series of regression models were fitted to estimate the proportion of moderate or severe vision impairment and blindness by cause, age, region, and year, and found that world regions varied markedly in the causes of blindness and vision impairment in this age group.

1,909 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The guidelines for the evaluation and treatment of androgen deficiency syndromes in adult men published previously in 2006 were updated by the Task Force of the Clinical Guidelines Subcommittee of The Endocrine Society.
Abstract: Objective: Our objective was to update the guidelines for the evaluation and treatment of androgen deficiency syndromes in adult men published previously in 2006. Participants: The Task Force was composed of a chair, selected by the Clinical Guidelines Subcommittee of The Endocrine Society, five additional experts, a methodologist, and a medical writer. The Task Force received no corporate funding or remuneration. Conclusions: We recommend making a diagnosis of androgen deficiency only in men with consistent symptoms and signs and unequivocally low serum testosterone levels. We suggest the measurement of morning total testosterone level by a reliable assay as the initial diagnostic test. We recommend confirmation of the diagnosis by repeating the measurement of morning total testosterone and, in some men in whom total testosterone is near the lower limit of normal or in whom SHBG abnormality is suspected by measurement of free or bioavailable testosterone level, using validated assays. We recommend testos...

1,900 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This guideline is intended to provide new and updated evidence-based recommendations for the prevention of SSI and should be incorporated into comprehensive surgical quality improvement programs to improve patient safety.
Abstract: Importance The human and financial costs of treating surgical site infections (SSIs) are increasing. The number of surgical procedures performed in the United States continues to rise, and surgical patients are initially seen with increasingly complex comorbidities. It is estimated that approximately half of SSIs are deemed preventable using evidence-based strategies. Objective To provide new and updated evidence-based recommendations for the prevention of SSI. Evidence Review A targeted systematic review of the literature was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library from 1998 through April 2014. A modified Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to assess the quality of evidence and the strength of the resulting recommendation and to provide explicit links between them. Of 5759 titles and abstracts screened, 896 underwent full-text review by 2 independent reviewers. After exclusions, 170 studies were extracted into evidence tables, appraised, and synthesized. Findings Before surgery, patients should shower or bathe (full body) with soap (antimicrobial or nonantimicrobial) or an antiseptic agent on at least the night before the operative day. Antimicrobial prophylaxis should be administered only when indicated based on published clinical practice guidelines and timed such that a bactericidal concentration of the agents is established in the serum and tissues when the incision is made. In cesarean section procedures, antimicrobial prophylaxis should be administered before skin incision. Skin preparation in the operating room should be performed using an alcohol-based agent unless contraindicated. For clean and clean-contaminated procedures, additional prophylactic antimicrobial agent doses should not be administered after the surgical incision is closed in the operating room, even in the presence of a drain. Topical antimicrobial agents should not be applied to the surgical incision. During surgery, glycemic control should be implemented using blood glucose target levels less than 200 mg/dL, and normothermia should be maintained in all patients. Increased fraction of inspired oxygen should be administered during surgery and after extubation in the immediate postoperative period for patients with normal pulmonary function undergoing general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. Transfusion of blood products should not be withheld from surgical patients as a means to prevent SSI. Conclusions and Relevance This guideline is intended to provide new and updated evidence-based recommendations for the prevention of SSI and should be incorporated into comprehensive surgical quality improvement programs to improve patient safety.

1,895 citations


Authors

Showing all 64325 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Eugene Braunwald2301711264576
Peter Libby211932182724
Cyrus Cooper2041869206782
Rob Knight2011061253207
Robert M. Califf1961561167961
Eric J. Topol1931373151025
Dennis W. Dickson1911243148488
Gordon B. Mills1871273186451
Julie E. Buring186950132967
Patrick W. Serruys1862427173210
Cornelia M. van Duijn1831030146009
Paul G. Richardson1831533155912
John C. Morris1831441168413
Valentin Fuster1791462185164
Ronald C. Petersen1781091153067
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023268
20221,216
202112,779
202011,352
201910,004
20188,870