Institution
McMaster University
Education•Hamilton, Ontario, Canada•
About: McMaster University is a education organization based out in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 41361 authors who have published 101269 publications receiving 4251422 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report on the new product portfolio practices and performance of a large sample of firms in North America, and how the various portfolio methods fare in terms of six performance metrics.
Abstract: Portfolio management for product innovation – picking the right set of development projects – is critical to new product success. This article reports on the new product portfolio practices and performance of a large sample of firms in North America. Reasons why portfolio management is important are identified, followed by the relative popularity of the different portfolio techniques: financial methods are first, followed by business strategy methods, bubble diagrams and scoring models. Next, how the various portfolio methods fare in terms of six performance metrics is probed. Financial methods, although the most popular and rigorous, yield the worst results overall, while top performing firms rely more on non-financial approaches – strategic and scoring methods. The details of how some of these more popular methods are employed by firms to rate and rank development projects are also provided. Finally, managerial implications, including suggestions for making portfolio management more effective in industry, are outlined.
658 citations
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University of Montpellier1, French Institute of Health and Medical Research2, World Health Organization3, Federal University of Bahia4, University of Genoa5, Wake Forest University6, University of Leicester7, National Institutes of Health8, University of Wisconsin-Madison9, Creighton University10, University of British Columbia11, Food and Drug Administration12, Aarhus University Hospital13, Brigham and Women's Hospital14, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia15, Southampton General Hospital16, University of Helsinki17, Tishreen University18, McMaster University19, Imperial College London20, Leiden University Medical Center21, Radboud University Nijmegen22, University of Pittsburgh23, Charité24
TL;DR: Asthma is a global health problem affecting around 300 million individuals of all ages, ethnic groups and countries, and a common international approach is favored to define severe asthma, uncontrolled asthma, and when the 2 coincide, although adaptation may be required in accordance with local conditions.
Abstract: Asthma is a global health problem affecting around 300 million individuals of all ages, ethnic groups and countries. It is estimated that around 250,000 people die prematurely each year as a result of asthma. Concepts of asthma severity and control are important in evaluating patients and their response to treatment, as well as for public health, registries, and research (clinical trials, epidemiologic, genetic, and mechanistic studies), but the terminology applied is not standardized, and terms are often used interchangeably. A common international approach is favored to define severe asthma, uncontrolled asthma, and when the 2 coincide, although adaptation may be required in accordance with local conditions. A World Health Organization meeting was convened April 5-6, 2009, to propose a uniform definition of severe asthma. An article was written by a group of experts and reviewed by the Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases review group. Severe asthma is defined by the level of current clinical control and risks as "Uncontrolled asthma which can result in risk of frequent severe exacerbations (or death) and/or adverse reactions to medications and/or chronic morbidity (including impaired lung function or reduced lung growth in children)." Severe asthma includes 3 groups, each carrying different public health messages and challenges: (1) untreated severe asthma, (2) difficult-to-treat severe asthma, and (3) treatment-resistant severe asthma. The last group includes asthma for which control is not achieved despite the highest level of recommended treatment and asthma for which control can be maintained only with the highest level of recommended treatment.
657 citations
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Woolcock Institute of Medical Research1, University of Cape Town2, University of Manitoba3, Laval University4, Federal University of Bahia5, Harvard University6, Helsinki University Central Hospital7, Kagoshima University8, Erasmus University Rotterdam9, University of Wisconsin-Madison10, McMaster University11, University of Pisa12, University of Southern Denmark13, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina14, University of Costa Rica15, Boston Children's Hospital16, The Chinese University of Hong Kong17, University of British Columbia18
TL;DR: The changes include a revised asthma definition, tools for assessing symptom control and risk factors for adverse outcomes, and updated strategies for adaptation and implementation of GINA recommendations.
Abstract: Over the past 20 years, the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) has regularly published and annually updated a global strategy for asthma management and prevention that has formed the basis for many national guidelines. However, uptake of existing guidelines is poor. A major revision of the GINA report was published in 2014, and updated in 2015, reflecting an evolving understanding of heterogeneous airways disease, a broader evidence base, increasing interest in targeted treatment, and evidence about effective implementation approaches. During development of the report, the clinical utility of recommendations and strategies for their practical implementation were considered in parallel with the scientific evidence.This article provides a summary of key changes in the GINA report, and their rationale. The changes include a revised asthma definition; tools for assessing symptom control and risk factors for adverse outcomes; expanded indications for inhaled corticosteroid therapy; a framework for targeted treatment based on phenotype, modifiable risk factors, patient preference, and practical issues; optimisation of medication effectiveness by addressing inhaler technique and adherence; revised recommendations about written asthma action plans; diagnosis and initial treatment of the asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome; diagnosis in wheezing pre-school children; and updated strategies for adaptation and implementation of GINA recommendations.
657 citations
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TL;DR: JX-594 demonstrated oncolytic and immunotherapy MOA, tumor responses and dose-related survival in individuals with HCC, and subject survival duration was significantly related to dose.
Abstract: Oncolytic viruses and active immunotherapeutics have complementary mechanisms of action (MOA) that are both self amplifying in tumors, yet the impact of dose on subject outcome is unclear. JX-594 (Pexa-Vec) is an oncolytic and immunotherapeutic vaccinia virus. To determine the optimal JX-594 dose in subjects with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we conducted a randomized phase 2 dose-finding trial (n=30). Radiologists infused low- or high-dose JX-594 into liver tumors (days 1, 15 and 29); infusions resulted in acute detectable intravascular JX-594 genomes. Objective intrahepatic Modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST) (15%) and Choi (62%) response rates and intrahepatic disease control (50%) were equivalent in injected and distant noninjected tumors at both doses. JX-594 replication and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) expression preceded the induction of anticancer immunity. In contrast to tumor response rate and immune endpoints, subject survival duration was significantly related to dose (median survival of 14.1 months compared to 6.7 months on the high and low dose, respectively; hazard ratio 0.39; P=0.020). JX-594 demonstrated oncolytic and immunotherapy MOA, tumor responses and dose-related survival in individuals with HCC.
656 citations
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TL;DR: The naturally occurring regressive events in neurogenesis, such as neuronal cell death and axonal elimination, may be factors in the individual differences in brain morphology and in functional lateralization.
Abstract: The size of the midsagittal area of the human corpus callosum obtained from postmortem measurement varied with tested hand preference. The corpus callosum, the main fiber tract connecting the two cerebral hemispheres, was larger by about 0.75 square centimeter, or 11 percent, in left-handed and ambidextrous people than in those with consistent right-hand preference. The difference was present in both the anterior and posterior halves, but not in the region of the splenium itself. This callosal morphology, which varied with hand preference, may also be related to individual differences in the pattern of hemispheric functional specialization. The greater bihemispheric representation of cognitive functions in left- and mixed-handers may be associated with greater anatomical connection between the hemispheres. The naturally occurring regressive events in neurogenesis, such as neuronal cell death and axonal elimination, may be factors in the individual differences in brain morphology and in functional lateralization. Specifically, right-handers may be those with more extensive early elimination of neural components.
656 citations
Authors
Showing all 41721 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Salim Yusuf | 231 | 1439 | 252912 |
Gordon H. Guyatt | 231 | 1620 | 228631 |
Simon D. M. White | 189 | 795 | 231645 |
George Efstathiou | 187 | 637 | 156228 |
Stuart H. Orkin | 186 | 715 | 112182 |
Terrie E. Moffitt | 182 | 594 | 150609 |
John J.V. McMurray | 178 | 1389 | 184502 |
Jasvinder A. Singh | 176 | 2382 | 223370 |
Deborah J. Cook | 173 | 907 | 148928 |
Andrew P. McMahon | 162 | 415 | 90650 |
Jack Hirsh | 146 | 734 | 86332 |
Holger J. Schünemann | 141 | 810 | 113169 |
John A. Peacock | 140 | 565 | 125416 |
David Price | 138 | 1687 | 93535 |
Graeme J. Hankey | 137 | 844 | 143373 |