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Institution

McMaster University

EducationHamilton, Ontario, Canada
About: McMaster University is a education organization based out in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 41361 authors who have published 101269 publications receiving 4251422 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of the methods that can be used by investigators who are attempting to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as by reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that investigate these processes are presented.
Abstract: Research in autophagy continues to accelerate,(1) and as a result many new scientists are entering the field Accordingly, it is important to establish a standard set of criteria for monitoring macroautophagy in different organisms Recent reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose(2,3) There are many useful and convenient methods that can be used to monitor macroautophagy in yeast, but relatively few in other model systems, and there is much confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure macroautophagy in higher eukaryotes A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers of autophagosomes versus those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway; thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from fully functional autophagy that includes delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi) Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of the methods that can be used by investigators who are attempting to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as by reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that investigate these processes This set of guidelines is not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to verify an autophagic response

2,310 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The 4th International Conference on Concussion in Sport held in Zurich, November 2012 was attended by Paul McCrory, Willem H Meeuwisse, Mark Aubry, Jiří Dvořák, Ruben J Echemendia, Lars Engebretsen, Karen Johnston, Jeffrey S Kutcher, Martin Raftery, Allen Sills and Kathryn Schneider.

2,293 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This study highlights the need to understand more fully the role of Epstein-Barr virus in the development of central giant cell granuloma and its role in the immune system.
Abstract: John G. Bartlett,1 Scott F Dowell,2 Lionel A. Mandell,6 Thomas M. File, Jr.,3 Daniel M. Musher,4 and Michael J. Fine5 'Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 2Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, 3Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, 4Baylor College of Medicine and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, and 5University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; and 6McMaster University, Toronto, Canada

2,292 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
25 Jul 2001-JAMA
TL;DR: The results indicate that any degree of albuminuria is a risk factor for CV events in individuals with or without DM; the risk increases with the ACR, starting well below the microalbuminuria cutoff.
Abstract: ContextMicroalbuminuria is a risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) events. The relationship between the degree of albuminuria and CV risk is unclear.ObjectivesTo estimate the risk of CV events in high-risk individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) and without DM who have microalbuminuria and to determine whether levels of albuminuria below the microalbuminuria threshold increase CV risk.DesignThe Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation study, a cohort study conducted between 1994 and 1999 with a median 4.5 years of follow-up.SettingCommunity and academic practices in North and South America and Europe.ParticipantsIndividuals aged 55 years or more with a history of CV disease (n = 5545) or DM and at least 1 CV risk factor (n = 3498) and a baseline urine albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) measurement.Main Outcome MeasuresCardiovascular events (myocardial infarction, stroke, or CV death); all-cause death; and hospitalization for congestive heart failure.ResultsMicroalbuminuria was detected in 1140 (32.6%) of those with DM and 823 (14.8%) of those without DM at baseline. Microalbuminuria increased the adjusted relative risk (RR) of major CV events (RR, 1.83; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.64-2.05), all-cause death (RR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.84-2.38), and hospitalization for congestive heart failure (RR, 3.23; 95% CI, 2.54-4.10). Similar RRs were seen for participants with or without DM, even after adjusting for other CV risk factors (eg, the adjusted RR of the primary aggregate end point was 1.97 [95% CI, 1.68-2.31] in those with DM and 1.61 [95% CI, 1.36-1.90] in those without DM).Compared with the lowest quartile of ACR (<0.22 mg/mmol), the RRs of the primary aggregate end point in the second quartile (ie, ACR range, 0.22-0.57 mg/mmol) was 1.11 (95% CI, 0.95-1.30); third quartile, 1.38 (95% CI, 1.19-1.60; ACR range, 0.58-1.62 mg/mmol); and fourth quartile, 1.97 (95% CI, 1.73-2.25; ACR range, >1.62 mg/mmol) (P for trend <.001, even after excluding those with microalbuminuria). For every 0.4-mg/mmol increase in ACR level, the adjusted hazard of major CV events increased by 5.9% (95% CI, 4.9%-7.0%).ConclusionsOur results indicate that any degree of albuminuria is a risk factor for CV events in individuals with or without DM; the risk increases with the ACR, starting well below the microalbuminuria cutoff. Screening for albuminuria identifies people at high risk for CV events.

2,273 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper is a revision and update of the recommendations developed following the 1st (Vienna 2001), 2nd (Prague 2004) and 3rd (Zurich 2008) International Consensus Conferences on Concussions in Sport and is based on the deliberations at the 4th International Conference on Concussion in Sport held in Zurich, November 2012.
Abstract: The new 2012 Zurich Consensus statement is designed to build on the principles outlined in the previous documents and to develop further conceptual understanding of this problem using a formal consensus-based approach. A detailed description of the consensus process is outlined at the end of this document under the Background section. This document is developed primarily for use by physicians and healthcare professionals who are involved in the care of injured athletes, whether at the recreational, elite or professional level.

2,269 citations


Authors

Showing all 41721 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Salim Yusuf2311439252912
Gordon H. Guyatt2311620228631
Simon D. M. White189795231645
George Efstathiou187637156228
Stuart H. Orkin186715112182
Terrie E. Moffitt182594150609
John J.V. McMurray1781389184502
Jasvinder A. Singh1762382223370
Deborah J. Cook173907148928
Andrew P. McMahon16241590650
Jack Hirsh14673486332
Holger J. Schünemann141810113169
John A. Peacock140565125416
David Price138168793535
Graeme J. Hankey137844143373
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023168
2022521
20216,351
20205,747
20195,093
20184,604