Institution
Medical Research Council
Government•London, United Kingdom•
About: Medical Research Council is a government organization based out in London, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Malaria. The organization has 16430 authors who have published 19150 publications receiving 1475494 citations.
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01 Jan 1987
286 citations
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TL;DR: This study identifies a unique heterochromatin state marked by the presence of both H3.3 and H3K9me3, and establishes an important role for H 3.3 in control of ERV retrotransposition in embryonic stem cells.
Abstract: Transposable elements in mammalian genomes need to be silenced to avoid detrimental genome instability; here, the histone variant H3.3 is shown to have an important role in silencing endogenous retroviral elements.
286 citations
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Umeå University1, International Agency for Research on Cancer2, Radboud University Nijmegen3, Aalborg University4, Institut Gustave Roussy5, German Cancer Research Center6, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens7, University of Naples Federico II8, University of Turin9, Imperial College London10, Utrecht University11, Andalusian School of Public Health12, Lund University13, Medical Research Council14, University of Cambridge15, University of Oxford16
TL;DR: It is suggested that a high consumption of fruit and vegetables is associated with a reduced risk of CRC, especially of colon cancer, and this effect may depend on smoking status.
286 citations
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TL;DR: The variable rate of progression by lineage suggests that tuberculosis variability matters in clinical settings and should be accounted for in studies evaluating tuberculosis vaccines and treatment regimens for latent tuberculosis infection.
Abstract: Considerable variability exists in the outcome of M. tuberculosis infection. We hypothesized that M. africanum was less likely than M. tuberculosis to transmit and progress to tuberculosis disease.
In a cohort study of tuberculosis patients and their household contacts in the Gambia, we categorized 1,808 HIV negative tuberculosis contacts according to exposure to M. tuberculosis or to M. africanum. A positive skin test indicated transmission and development of tuberculosis during 2 years of follow-up indicated progression to disease. Transmission was similar, but progression to disease was significantly lower in contacts exposed to M. africanum than to M. tuberculosis (1.0% vs 2.9%; Hazard Ratio (HR) 3.1, 95% CI 1.1–8.7). Within M. tuberculosis sensu stricto, contacts exposed to a Beijing family strain were most likely to progress to disease (5.6%; HR 6.7 (2.0–22) relative to M. africanum).
M. africanum and M. tuberculosis transmit equally well to household contacts, but contacts exposed to M. africanum are less likely to progress to tuberculosis disease than those exposed to M. tuberculosis. The variable rate of progression by lineage suggests that TB variability matters in clinical settings and should be taken into account in studies evaluating tuberculosis vaccines and treatment regimens for latent tuberculosis infection.
286 citations
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TL;DR: This paper presents a statistical approach, originally developed for mapping disease risk, to ecological regression analysis in the presence of spatial autocorrelated extra-Poisson variation.
Abstract: This paper presents a statistical approach, originally developed for mapping disease risk, to ecological regression analysis in the presence of spatial autocorrelated extra-Poisson variation. An insight into the effect of allowing for spatial autocorrelation on the relationship between disease rates and explanatory variables is given. Examples based on cancer frequency in Scotland and Sardinia are used to illustrate the interpretation of regression coefficient and further methodological issues.
286 citations
Authors
Showing all 16441 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Shizuo Akira | 261 | 1308 | 320561 |
Trevor W. Robbins | 231 | 1137 | 164437 |
Richard A. Flavell | 231 | 1328 | 205119 |
George Davey Smith | 224 | 2540 | 248373 |
Nicholas J. Wareham | 212 | 1657 | 204896 |
Cyrus Cooper | 204 | 1869 | 206782 |
Martin White | 196 | 2038 | 232387 |
Frank E. Speizer | 193 | 636 | 135891 |
Michael Rutter | 188 | 676 | 151592 |
Richard Peto | 183 | 683 | 231434 |
Terrie E. Moffitt | 182 | 594 | 150609 |
Kay-Tee Khaw | 174 | 1389 | 138782 |
Chris D. Frith | 173 | 524 | 130472 |
Phillip A. Sharp | 172 | 614 | 117126 |
Avshalom Caspi | 170 | 524 | 113583 |