Memorial University of Newfoundland

About: Memorial University of Newfoundland is a education organization based out in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Gadus. The organization has 13818 authors who have published 27785 publications receiving 743594 citations. The organization is also known as: Memorial University & Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador.

Leader succession and organizational performance: Integrating the common-sense, ritual scapegoating, and vicious-circle succession theories

Abstract: Our study examines the impact of leader succession on organizational performance. We use organizational learning theory and the concept of time compression diseconomies to frame our conceptual arguments. Previous sports-related studies have concluded that between-season succession (ritual scapegoating theory) does not impact team performance, and within-season succession (vicious-circle theory) tends to worsen team performance. We confirm these conclusions. We also argue that it takes time for a new team leader to “take charge,” and the taking charge process requires that the team and new leader experience regular-season play together in addition to off-season practice to improve performance in the subsequent season (common-sense theory). Evidence from a 60-year data set from the National Hockey League provides support for our hypotheses.

Ophiolitic source rocks for Taconic-age flysch: Trace-element evidence

Abstract: Flysch generated along the Appalachian orogen during the Ordovician Taconic Orogeny ranges in age from late Arenig to early Caradoc (allochthonous flysch) and from late Llanvirn to Ashgill (autochthonous flysch). Sandstones in these units are dominantly lithic arenites, with a heavy mineral suite containing common to abundant Mg-rich chromite north of the Canada–United States border. The only reasonable sources for the chromite were the lower ultramafic units of obducted ophiolites. Trace-element analyses (Cr, Ni, V, Cu, Ti, Zr, Y) of flysch sandstones indicate a striking increase in Cr and Ni concentrations from the United States Appalachians to the Canadian Appalachians. In the United States units, Cr is in the range of 10 to 50 ppm; Canadian flysch units average an order of magnitude more Cr. These results suggest that ophiolite obduction either did not occur or was of minor importance during the Taconic Orogeny in the United States Appalachians. The difference in ophiolite abundance between the Canadian and United States Appalachians suggests a fundamental difference in tectonic style along the orogen, a feature that must be accommodated by plate-tectonic models. New models will probably need to consider both obliquity of subduction and geological complexity of the Ordovician collision zone in order to explain the spatial distribution of obducted ophiolite sheets.

The depleted leader: The influence of leaders' diminished psychological resources on leadership behaviors ☆ ☆☆

Abstract: While much is understood about the outcomes of different leadership styles, less is known about the antecedents of leadership, particularly with regards to how leaders' own psychological well-being impacts leadership behaviors. Using conservation of resources theory as a framework, we investigated the relationship between leaders' depleted resources and their leadership behaviors. Conceptualizing depressive symptoms, anxiety, and workplace alcohol consumption as resource depletion, we predicted that depletion would be associated with lower levels of transformational leadership, and higher levels of abusive supervision, and when taken together, would further exacerbate these effects on leadership behaviors. In a study of 172 leader–subordinate pairs, leaders' depressive symptoms, anxiety, and workplace alcohol consumption separately predicted lower transformational leadership, and higher abusive supervision. Furthermore, partial support was found for an exacerbating effect on transformational leadership and abusive supervision.