Memorial University of Newfoundland

About: Memorial University of Newfoundland is a education organization based out in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Gadus. The organization has 13818 authors who have published 27785 publications receiving 743594 citations. The organization is also known as: Memorial University & Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador.

Social death: racialized rightlessness and the criminalization of the unprotected

Abstract: Lisa Marie Cacho's book Social death: Racialized rightlessness and the criminalization of the unprotected is an excellent contribution to the scholarship on racialization. Not only does it further ...

Centurial and decadal oceanographic influences on changes in northern gannet populations and diets in the north-west Atlantic: implications for climate change

Abstract: Millennial and centurial changes in oceanography influence the distributions and movement patterns of fish and invertebrates. These changes, in turn, determine the availability of food resources for higher trophic levels and, hence, aVect the distributions and abundances of marine birds. A century-long population trend of northern gannets (Sula bassana) is correlated with warming surface water conditions and increased mackerel (Scomber scombrus) availability. On a decadal scale, a major dietary change of breeding gannets from migratory warm-water pelagicfish and squids to cold-water fish is associated with cold-water perturbations in the north-west Atlantic during the 1990s. Cold-water influences appear to have inhibited migratory pelagic fish and squid from moving into the region in recent years, causing a major shift in pelagic food webs on the Newfoundland Shelf. Such findings imply that slight changes in oceanographic conditions, possibly associated with climate warming, could have large-scale and pervasive eVects on seabird distributions, feeding ecology, reproductive success, and populations. Such changes might be detected initially near the limits of seabird ranges and the margins of oceanographic regions. ? 1997 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea

Widespread non-additive and interaction effects within HLA loci modulate the risk of autoimmune diseases

Abstract: Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes confer substantial risk for autoimmune diseases on a log-additive scale. Here we speculated that differences in autoantigen-binding repertoires between a heterozygote's two expressed HLA variants might result in additional non-additive risk effects. We tested the non-additive disease contributions of classical HLA alleles in patients and matched controls for five common autoimmune diseases: rheumatoid arthritis (n(cases) = 5,337), type 1 diabetes (T1D; n(cases) = 5,567), psoriasis vulgaris (n(cases) = 3,089), idiopathic achalasia (n(cases) = 727) and celiac disease (ncases = 11,115). In four of the five diseases, we observed highly significant, non-additive dominance effects (rheumatoid arthritis, P = 2.5 x 10(-12); T1D, P = 2.4 x 10(-10); psoriasis, P = 5.9 x 10(-6); celiac disease, P = 1.2 x 10(-87)). In three of these diseases, the non-additive dominance effects were explained by interactions between specific classical HLA alleles (rheumatoid arthritis, P = 1.8 x 10(-3); T1D, P = 8.6 x 10(-27); celiac disease, P = 6.0 x 10(-100)). These interactions generally increased disease risk and explained moderate but significant fractions of phenotypic variance (rheumatoid arthritis, 1.4%; T1D, 4.0%; celiac disease, 4.1%) beyond a simple additive model.

Risk analysis of deepwater drilling operations using Bayesian network

Abstract: Deepwater drilling is one of the high-risk operations in the oil and gas sector due to large uncertainties and extreme operating conditions. In the last few decades Managed Pressure Drilling Operations (MPD) and Underbalanced Drilling (UBD) have become increasingly used as alternatives to conventional drilling operations such as Overbalanced Drilling (OVD) technology. These newer techniques provide several advantages however the blowout risk during these operations is still not fully understood. Blowout is regarded as one of the most catastrophic events in offshore drilling operations; therefore implementation and maintenance of safety measures is essential to maintain risk below the acceptance criteria. This study is aimed at applying the Bayesian Network (BN) to conduct a dynamic safety analysis of deepwater MPD and UBD operations. It investigates different risk factors associated with MPD and UBD technologies, which could lead to a blowout accident. Blowout accident scenarios are investigated and the BNs are developed for MPD and UBD technologies in order to predict the probability of blowout occurrence. The main objective of this paper is to understand MPD and UBD technologies, to identify hazardous events during MPD and UBD operations, to perform failure analysis (modelling) of blowout events and to evaluate plus compare risk. Importance factor analysis in drilling operations is performed to assess contribution of each root cause to the potential accident; the results show that UBD has a higher occurrence probability of kick and blowout compared to MPD technology. The Rotating Control Devices (RCD) failure in MPD technology and increase in flow-through annulus in UBD technology are the most critical situations for kick and blowout.