Memorial University of Newfoundland

About: Memorial University of Newfoundland is a education organization based out in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Gadus. The organization has 13818 authors who have published 27785 publications receiving 743594 citations. The organization is also known as: Memorial University & Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador.

Revisiting the Polar Paradox Theory: A Critical Overview

Abstract: The polar paradox is a theory that illustrates the paradoxical behavior of antioxidants in different media and rationalizes the fact that polar antioxidants are more effective in less polar media, such as bulk oils, while nonpolar antioxidants are more effective in relatively more polar media, such as oil-in-water emulsions or liposomes. For 2 decades since it was proposed, the theory has been used to interpret results in antioxidant efficiency studies. However, more recently, new evidence from more comprehensive assessments has emerged that contradicts the polar paradox theory, hence necessitating its re-evaluation. More complex factors in addition to polarity must be taken into account to explain antioxidant efficacy.

8 Yolk Formation and Differentiation in Teleost Fishes

Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the yolk formation of teleost fishes The process of vitellogenesis in teleosts has been shown to be similar to that operating in other oviparous vertebrates The contribution of autosynthetic processes (endogenous vitellogenesis) to the yolk mass in the teleost ovary, relative to exogenous yolk acquired by incorporation of vitellogenin, has not been estimated Exogenous vitellogenesis can be considered to consist of two phases The first phase involves the induction of hepatic vitellogenin production under stimulation of ovarian estrogen During the second phase vitellogenin is taken up from the blood stream and incorporated into ovarian yolk proteins In salmonids maturational gonadotropin occurs at high levels in plasma around spawning time but is near the lower limit of the radioimmunoassay during the phase of active incorporation of vitellogenin There appears to be a small increase in maturational gonadotropin coincident with an increase in estradiol in trout plasma early in vitellogenesis, and antibody to maturational gonadotropin inhibits ovarian growth immediately prior to the rapid and massive increase in the ovarian weight Therefore, there appears to be a low level of maturational hormone present when the fish resumes ovarian development after spawning, but it is sufficient to establish vitellogenin production by the liver

Food addiction: its prevalence and significant association with obesity in the general population.

Abstract: Background: ‘Food addiction’ shares a similar neurobiological and behavioral framework with substance addiction. However whether, and to what degree, ‘food addiction’ contributes to obesity in the general population is unknown. Objectives: to assess 1) the prevalence of ‘food addiction’ in the Newfoundland population; 2) if clinical symptom counts of ‘food addiction’ were significantly correlated with the body composition measurements; 3) if food addicts were significantly more obese than controls, and 4) if macronutrient intakes are associated with ‘food addiction’. Design: A total of 652 adults (415 women, 237 men) recruited from the general population participated in this study. Obesity was evaluated by Body Mass Index (BMI) and Body Fat percentage measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. ‘Food addiction’ was assessed using the Yale Food Addiction Scale and macronutrient intake was determined from the Willet Food Frequency Questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of ‘food addiction’ was 5.4% (6.7% in females and 3.0% in males) and increased with obesity status. The clinical symptom counts of ‘food addiction’ were positively correlated with all body composition measurements across the entire sample (p,0.001). Obesity measurements were significantly higher in food addicts than controls; Food addicts were 11.7 (kg) heavier, 4.6 BMI units higher, and had 8.2% more body fat and 8.5% more trunk fat. Furthermore, food addicts consumed more calories from fat and protein compared with controls. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that ‘food addiction’ contributes to severity of obesity and body composition measurements from normal weight to obese individuals in the general population with higher rate in women as compared to men.

Performances of novel fuzzy logic based indirect vector control for induction motor drive

Abstract: This paper presents a novel speed control scheme of an induction motor (IM) using fuzzy logic control. The fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is based on the indirect vector control. The fuzzy logic speed controller is employed in the outer loop. The complete vector control scheme of the IM drive incorporating the FLC is experimentally implemented using a digital signal processor board DS-1102 for the laboratory 1 hp squirrel cage induction motor. The performances of the proposed FLC based IM drive are investigated and compared to those obtained from the conventional proportional integral (PI) controller based drive both theoretically and experimentally at different dynamic operating conditions such as sudden change in command speed, step change in load, etc. The comparative experimental results show that the FLC is more robust and hence found to be a suitable replacement of the conventional PI controller for the high performance industrial drive applications.