Military Academy

About: Military Academy is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 2478 authors who have published 3003 publications receiving 33188 citations.

Localized-mode evolution in a curved planar waveguide with combined Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions.

Abstract: We present a theoretical study of a planar waveguide with a uniformly curved section. Opposite sides of the channel satisfy different boundary conditions. It is shown that if the Dirichlet condition is applied to the inner side of the strip and the Neumann one to the outer wall, then properties of such a system in many respects resemble those with the Dirichlet requirements on both surfaces. Namely, in both cases a propagation threshold for the curved section is smaller than its counterpart for the straight channel. As a consequence, a localized mode exists with its energy below the propagation threshold of the straight waveguide. Analysis of such states is presented as a function of the bend parameters. For the transport in the fundamental mode an interaction of a quasibound level split off from the higher-lying threshold, with its degenerate continuum counterpart, causes a dip in the transmission. Such a resonance is characterized by a location of its zero minimum E(min) and the half width Gamma. Changing the bend angle and radius, one varies E(min) and Gamma. In particular, for some critical parameters of the bend it is possible to turn the half width to zero, i.e., to eliminate the dip in the transmission. This corresponds to the absence of the interaction between the split-off level and the continuum, and, consequently, to the formation of the true bound state in the continuum. Vortex structure of the currents flowing in the waveguide near the resonance is also shown to strongly resemble the analogous results for the Dirichlet case. It is pointed out that the properties of the waveguide with the Neumann inner condition and the Dirichlet outer one mimic the duct with the Neumann requirements on the two sides, since for both these cases the propagation threshold in the curved section is greater than in the straight channel.

Toward a sustainable supply chain for social credit: learning by experience using single-valued neutrosophic sets and fuzzy cognitive maps

Abstract: Social credit’s goal of fighting poverty and social inequality has meant that this concept has attracted increasing interest, particularly after Muhammad Yunus was awarded the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize. However, studies that have analyzed the supply chain and socio-economic impacts of this type of micro-credit are still extremely rare. Social credit is an issue that needs to be taken seriously because its objectives differ from those of other types of credit, that is, its main goals go beyond profit to embrace additional social concerns. Adopting a process-oriented stance that used single-valued neutrosophic sets and fuzzy cognitive maps, this study sought to develop a cognitive structure that facilitates a deeper understanding of social credit’s supply chain. Group meetings were held with a panel of professional credit analysts. The resulting framework shows that the socio-technical approach applied provides value for those analyzing the cause-and-effect relationships between the supply chain components of social credit. The results thus contribute to fulfilling social credit’s goals of promoting sustainability and improving human lives. The advantages, managerial implications, and limitations of this research are also discussed.

Regular exercise alleviates renovascular hypertension-induced cardiac/endothelial dysfunction and oxidative injury in rats.

Abstract: The importance of physical activity in the management of renovascular diseases is well-known, but lacks evidence of underlying mechanisms. The purpose of the study was to elucidate the protective/therapeutic effects of regular exercise on experimental renovascular hypertension (RVH)-induced oxidative stress and cardiac dysfunction. Wistar albino rats underwent a RVH surgery (2K1C, Goldblatt). Three weeks later half of the rats started swimming exercise for 9 weeks (n = 15), while the sedentary RVH group (n = 15) had no exercise during that period. Sham-operated control rats (n = 10), had the similar surgical procedures but the left renal artery was left unclipped. Body weights were monitored, and blood pressures were measured weekly using tail-cuff. Echocardiographic evaluation was performed on the 3(rd) week and on the 12(th) week of the experiment before the rats were decapitated. Heart and thoracic aorta were removed and serum was collected, while aortic samples were put in a 10% formaldehyde solution for immunochemistry. Cardiac tissue samples obtained from each animal were used for the determination of tissue myeloperoxidase (MPO) and catalase (CAT) activities, malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) levels. In the sedentary RVH group, aortic contractile response (contraction/relaxation in isolated organ bath), left ventricular diastolic and systolic dimensions, and immunohistochemical staining of aortic inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were increased, while ejection fraction and aortic endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) staining were decreased. RVH in the sedentary rats resulted in increased pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-2, IL-6), lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) and neutrophil infiltration (myeloperoxidase activity) along with reductions in antioxidant glutathione and catalase levels in the cardiac tissue. Exercise after RVH increased the immunohistochemical staining of aortic eNOS, decreased iNOS staining and reversed the alterations in echocardiographic and oxidative parameters. Regular exercise commenced after RVH surgery alleviated renovascular hypertension-induced oxidative injury, by modulating oxidant-antioxidant balance via the involvement of the endothelial NO system.