Mines ParisTech

About: Mines ParisTech is a education organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Finite element method & Microstructure. The organization has 6564 authors who have published 11676 publications receiving 359898 citations. The organization is also known as: École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris & École des mines de Paris.

Methane hydrate crystallization mechanism from in‐situ particle sizing

Abstract: A new experimental setup that makes possible in-situ determinations of the population density function of the methane hydrate particles during its crystallization in a pressurized reactor is used. Thanks to this equipment, new results can be obtained, in particular concerning the granular aspects of the crystallization processes and the influence of the stirring rate. These results are discussed in the framework of a model including gas absorption, primary and secondary nucleation, crystal growth, agglomeration, and breakage. From this discussion, the relevant processes and parameters of methane hydrate crystallization can be determined and quantified.

Short crack behaviour in nodular cast iron

Abstract: Fatigue crack growth rates have been determined on standard specimens containing long cracks (∼5–10mm) and on specimens containing two-dimensional short cracks (∼0.10–0.50mm). Large differences have been observed indicating that at a given stress intensity factor short cracks propagate much faster than long cracks. Mouth opening displacement measurements for both specimen geometries have shown that the crack closure effect is largely responsible for the observed effect. These results are used to rationalize the behaviour of short cracks initiated from natural sites which were either graphite nodules or microshrinkage pores. The three-dimensional aspect of these natural small cracks is analysed and discussed in detail.

Association of hydrogeological factors in temporal variations of fluoride concentration in a crystalline aquifer in India

Abstract: The major part of groundwater in India is found in granitic aquifers. Fluoride in groundwater from a crystalline aquifer in a semi-arid region of granitic rocks in India, known as Maheshwaram watershed, was analyzed for spatial and temporal variability during 1999-2002 to assess the effect of hydrogeological factors on fluoride concentration. Samples were collected from 32 representative wells in the area for the pre- and post-monsoon seasons and analyzed for F content. The CHESS computer program was used to calculate ionic activities of aqueous species and the mineral saturation index (SI) for calcite and fluorite. The GARDENIA computer program was used to calculate the recharge values in the study area. The influences of dissolution kinetics of fluoride minerals and recharge from rainfall on fluoride concentration were of interest and results clearly indicate that fluoride content in groundwater depends on the interaction period of groundwater with host rock. Results could also be utilized for designing remedial measures particularly with dilution method in an optimal way.

Properties of sputtered stainless steel-nitrogen coatings and structural analogy with low temperature plasma nitrided layers of austenitic steels

Abstract: Structural analogies are revealed between 310 stainless steel-nitrogen deposits prepared by reactive sputtering and diffusion layers resulting from low temperature plasma nitriding of the same grade of stainless steel Both the coatings and the diffusion layers show high nitrogen supersaturations in the fcc lattice of austenite and present a rather favourable compressive stress and a good level of microhardness An interesting corrosion resistance is also expected With these properties, future applications can be considered