Showing papers by "Ministry of Agriculture published in 2010"

Serologic evidence of the recent circulation of Saint Louis encephalitis virus and high prevalence of equine encephalitis viruses in horses in the Nhecolândia sub-region in South Pantanal, Central-West Brazil

Abstract: As in humans, sub-clinical infection by arboviruses in domestic animals is common; however, its detection only occurs during epizootics and the silent circulation of some arboviruses may remain undetected. The objective of the present paper was to assess the current circulation of arboviruses in the Nhecolândia sub-region of South Pantanal, Brazil. Sera from a total of 135 horses, of which 75 were immunized with bivalent vaccine composed of inactive Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) and Western equine encephalitis virus(WEEV) and 60 were unvaccinated, were submitted to thorough viral isolation, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and neutralization tests for Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV), EEEV, WEEV and Mayaro virus (MAYV). No virus was isolated and viral nucleic-acid detection by RT-PCR was also negative. Nevertheless, the prevalence of neutralizing antibodies in horses older than seven months was 43.7% for SLEV in equines regardless of vaccine status, and 36.4% for WEEV and 47.7% for EEEV in unvaccinated horses. There was no evidence of MAYV infections. The serologic evidence of circulation of arboviruses responsible for equine and human encephalitis, without recent official reports of clinical infections in the area, suggests that the Nhecolândia sub-region in South Pantanal is an important area for detection of silent activity of arboviruses in Brazil.

An analysis of the 1978 African swine fever outbreak in Brazil and its eradication

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to evaluate the African swine fever (ASF) outbreak that began in 1978 in Paracambi municipality, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, and the steps taken by the Brazilian authorities to eradicate the disease. The presence of ASF in the country was confirmed by isolating the virus, and its pathogenicity was certified by the laboratory of the Plum Island Disease Center, New York, United States. Even before the laboratory results became available, the Brazilian Agriculture Ministry declared an Animal Health Emergency, in which the official Veterinary Services adopted rapid control measures to restrain and eradicate the disease. These control measures contributed to the reorganisation of the national swine industry and stimulated the use of high-technology production techniques, as well as an improvement in herd health consciousness. All this contributed to Brazil becoming the largest meat exporter in the world.

COMPORTAMENTO AGRONÔMICO DE PROGÊNIES DE CAFEEIRO (Coffea arabica L.) EM VARGINHA-MG

Abstract: This work assessed the field performance of compact growth coffee progenies developed by the MAPA/Procafe Foundation breeding program. An experiment was set up at the Procafe Foundation’s Experimental Station in Varginha, Minas Gerais state, using 20 progenies, 16 of which with leaf rust resistance. The evaluations began two and a half years after planting using four repetitions, totalizing 80 plots, each one constituted by four coffee plants. The following characteristics were analyzed: the six first annual harvests (2002 to 2007), husk/bean ratio, cup quality and screen analysis. Crop yield and percentage of moca were assessed in the 2006/2007 annual harvest, while screen classification in 2006/2007 and sensorial classification in 2007/2008. The Sabia Tardio cv 398 presented the highest yield among all the progenies. The progenies of the Catucai group (Catucai Amarelo 24/137 (C.O), Catucai Vermelho 24/137, Catucai Vermelho 20/15 cv 476 and Catucai Vermelho 19/18 cv 221), Sarchimor group (Obata IAC-1669-20, Tupi IAC 4093, Arara F4), and IBC-Palma-1 (3-12), Saira cv 362, Topazio MG 1189 and Catuai Amarelo IAC 74 presented good field performance and are recommended for the Varginha region. These progenies were also considered a good source for genetic breeding programs. The bean size and cup quality of all the progenies were rated good.

Superação de dormência na qualidade de sementes e mudas: influência na produção de Senna multijuga (L. C. Rich.) Irwin & Barneby

Abstract: The objective of this work was to determine the physiological and sanitary quality of Senna multijuga seeds related to the methods of dormancy overcoming and the influence on the seedlings quality. The seeds had been submitted to the following methods :immersion in water fervent, the seeds had been immersed in water, at 100°C, until cooling for 24 hours; acid escarification, where the seeds had been immersed in sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) 90%, for 10 and 20 minutes, and control (without treatment). The tests of sanity, germination and tetrazolium had been carried through, and were evaluated the quality of the seedlings. For the germination of the evaluation an factorial project was used (4 X 2), with four methods of dormancy X two light periods, for substrate paper and vermiculite. The acid scarification consisted in the method most efficient for the dormancy of Senna multijuga seeds. Penicillium sp. and Aspergillus sp. they had for its increased incidence when the seed coast was damaged by the acid scarification for 20 minutes. The control of Fusarium spp. increases gradual with the increase of the time of sulfuric acid exposition.

Use of soil insecticides to control the Brazilian ground pearl (Hemiptera: Margarodidae) in vineyards

Abstract: The Brazilian ground pearl (BGP), Eurhizococcus brasiliensis (Hemiptera: Margarodidae), is one of the most important grape pests in Brazil. Granular and water dispersible granule formulations, doses of application, times of treatment, and application technology of the soil insecticides imidacloprid and thiamethoxam were evaluated to control BGP in infested vineyards. Thiamethoxam and imidacloprid effectively reduced BGP by 90% in established vineyards. No difference in insect control was observed between the formulations of thiamethoxam. Multiple applications of thiamethoxam in November and January were more effective than a single treatment delivered in November. Doses higher than 0.2 g a.i./plant of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam reduced BGP infestations in 3-year-old vineyards. The granular formulation of thiamethoxam was more effective when applied around the root system than when delivered in six points around the trunk using a hand-operated granular spreader. Drench application of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam using a hand-operated hydraulic sprayer was effective for insecticide treatment, allowing regulation of the amounts of water and active ingredients applied per plant.

Population structure of Brazilian Gyr dairy cattle

Abstract: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the genetic structure of Gyr cattle selected for milk production. Files of pedigree and production were composed of 27,610 animals. The ENDOG program was used for the calculation of individual inbreeding coefficient (F) and coefficient of average relatedness (AR), effective number of animals(Ne), effective number of founders (fe) and ancestors (fa), and generation interval (GI). Individual inbreeding coefficients and average relatedness in the population were 2.82% and 2.10%, respectively. It was observed a reduction in the effective number of animals, especially after publication of the results of the first progeny test. The estimated effective number of founders was 146 and 75 for the ancestrals. Out of those, only 28 ancestors accounted for the origin of 50% of the population genes. The average generation interval was 8.41 years and it was longer for males than for females. For maintaining genetic variability in future generations, it should be invested mating strategies that reduce inbreeding and which do not use massively only some high breeding value sires.

Ultrastructural calli analysis of Inga vera Willd. subsp. Affinis (DC.) T.D. Penn

Abstract: Subcellular changes are relevant to understand plant organogenesis and embryogenesis in the early stages of cell development. The cytology during cell development in tissue culture is however still poorly characterized. This study aimed to characterize the ultrastructural differences related to callogenesis of anthers, ovaries, leaf and nodal segments of Inga vera Willd. subsp. Affinis (DC.) T.D. Penn. Flower buds, nodal segments and leaves were disinfected and inoculated in test tubes containing MS medium with 3% sucrose and 4.5µM 2.4-D, except for leaf callogenesis, where 9µM of this auxin was used, and for the callogenesis of anthers and ovaries, where the culture medium was enriched with 0.25% activated charcoal and 90µM PVP. After 45 days in culture medium, the anther, ovary, leaf and nodal segment calli were fixed in Karnovisky and prepared for visualization by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Ultrastructural differences were observed among the callus cells of anthers, ovaries, segments and leaves. There was no evidence of somatic embryo formation in the anther, leaf and nodal segment calli, in spite of some embryogenic characteristics in the cells. The ovary calli, with indications of embryo formation, seem to be the most responsive explant source for embryogenesis.

Diagnóstico e genotipagem do vírus da pseudoraiva por nested-PCR e análise de restrição enzimática

Abstract: Pseudorabies is a disease caused by Suid herpesvirus 1 (PrV) and is responsible for considerable economic losses in the swine industry. The PrV has only one serotype, but based on RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) the virus was divided into four genotypes named I, II, III, IV. The classical methods for PrV genotyping usually require virus isolation, DNA purification enzyme restriction analysis and a long electrophoresis. The aim of this research was to describe a faster and more sensitive method to detect and genotype PrV based on nested-PCR and restriction enzyme analysis. Twenty PrV isolates from south and southeast regions of Brazil, and the standard strain Shope were grown in PK-15 cells and submitted to PCR for glycoprotein E gene amplification. Additionally were tested 75 clinical samples (swine brain), with 25 positives for virus isolation and seroneutralization, and 50 negatives from a flock free PR with negative results in seroneutralization test. There was 100% of agreement between results of nested-PCR and virus isolation and seroneutralization and all samples detected were classified as genotype II. The nested-PCR, combined with restriction enzyme analysis, was able to detect and genotype PrV in 1-2 days with a sensitivity of 10-1,3 TCID50 mL-1. It was faster than classical methods described in the literature that require at least 7 days to be completed.

Propagation of avian metapneumovirus subtypes A and B using chicken embryo related and other cell systems.

Abstract: Primary isolation of avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) is carried out using tracheal organ culture (TOC) or chicken embryonated eggs with subsequent adaptation in chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) or Vero cultures. This study was conducted to evaluate six different cell lines and two avian culture systems for the propagation of aMPV subtypes A and B. The chicken embryo related (CER) cells were used successfully for primary isolation. In addition to Vero and baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cells, CER cells were also shown to be the most appropriate for propagation of aMPV considering high titres. Propagation of A and B subtypes in CEF and TOC remained efficient after the primary isolation and several passages of viruses in the CER cell line. The growth curves were created using CER, Vero and BHK-21 cell lines. Compared with growth, both yielded higher titres in CER cells during the first 30 h after infection, but no significant difference was observed in the results obtained from CER and Vero cells. This data show that CER cells are adequate for aMPV subtypes A and B propagation, giving similar results to Vero cells.

Preliminary investigation of Culicidae species in South Pantanal, Brazil and their potential importance in arbovirus transmission

Abstract: In view of the high circulation of migratory birds and the environmental and climatic conditions which favor the proliferation of arthropods, the Brazilian Pantanal is susceptible to circulation of arboviruses. However, the amount of data concerning arbovirus vectors in this area is scarce; therefore the aim of this study was to conduct a preliminary investigation of Culicidae species in the Nhecolândia Sub-region of South Pantanal, Brazil and their potential importance in the arbovirus transmission. A total of 3684 specimens of mosquitoes were captured, 1689 of which caught in the rainy season of 2007, were divided into 78 pools and submitted to viral isolation, Semi-Nested RT-PCR and Nested RT-PCR, with a view to identifying the most important arboviruses in Brazil. Simultaneously, 70 specimens of ticks found blood-feeding on horses were also submitted to the same virological assays. No virus was isolated and viral nucleic-acid detection by RT-PCR was also negative. Nevertheless, a total of 22 Culicidae species were identified, ten of which had previously been reported as vectors of important arboviruses. The diversity of species found blood-feeding on human and horse hosts together with the arboviruses circulation previously reported suggest that the Nhecolândia Sub-region of South Pantanal is an important area for arbovirus surveillance in Brazil.

Comparison of microbial load in immersion chilling water and poultry carcasses after 8, 16 and 24 working hours

Abstract: Poultry processing facilities are known for using a great amount of water, which is mainly used on carcasses chilling stage. In Brazil, meat regulations state that each chiller tank must be emptied, cleaned and sanitized every 8 working hours. The aim of the current study was to assess the microbial load of chiller water used in poultry immersion chilling system after 8, 16 and 24 working hours in order to evaluate the reduction of water changes and chiller sanitization. Conventional physicochemical and microbiological assays were done in water supply samples (n=69) to suppress interferences caused by freshwater addition; pre chilled (n=345) post chilled carcasses (n=345) and chiller water samples of the last stage (n=69). The results showed no significant differences on microbial load samples between the three shifts suggesting that the proposed reduction may be secure and reduces the volume of wastewater that would impact the environment, besides improving the rational use of processing time.

Evaluation in vitro of the infection times of engorged females of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus by the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema glaseri CCA strain

Abstract: Studies have shown that ticks are susceptible to infection by entomopathogenic nematodes. These studies indicate different susceptibilities of ticks to infection by these fungi, depending on the tick species, development phase, entomopathogenic nematodes species and strains and the time the ticks are exposed to them. Usually this period ranges from 24 to 72 hours. The aim of this study was to evaluate the infection times in vitro of engorged Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus females by the entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema glaseri CCA strain, by analysis of the ticks' biological parameters. The results show that a 2-hour exposure time was sufficient for the engorged R. microplus females to be infected by S. glaseri CCA, but that a minimum exposure time of 24 hours was necessary to generate treatment efficacy above 90%.

FREQUÊNCIA DO Vírus da Leucemia Felina (VLFe) em FELINOS DOMÉSTICOS (Felis catus) SEMIDOMICILIADOS NOS MUNICÍPIOS DE PELOTAS E RIO GRANDE

Abstract: Considering the importance of FeLV in the feline clinic, as well as the likely agent spread from a symptomatic or asymptomatic feline bearer, this work has as objective the study of the frequency of FeLV in felines residents in the cities of the Pelotas and Rio Grande, municipalities located in the south area of Brazil. For that, the blood of 120 semi-domiciled animals was collected for the detection of the retrovirus through the Indirect Immunofluorescence technique (IFA). FeLV was detected in 38,3% (46/120) of the studied animals, representing a larger frequency considering other studies accomplished in other areas of Brazil, what confirms the importance of FeLV in the studied region. KEY WORDS: FeLV, felines, immunofluorescence, retrovirus.

Perfil eletroforético de lombo suíno adicionado de proteínas não cárneas.

Abstract: A legislacao brasileira permite a adicao intencional de proteinas nao carneas em alguns produtos carneos; entretanto, ha poucas tecnicas adaptadas e proprias para controle desses ingredientes. Na presente pesquisa, empregou-se a tecnica de eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida na presenca de dodecil-sulfato de sodio (SDS-PAGE) para comparar amostras de carne suina (lombo), adicionadas de 1,5% de proteinas nao carneas (proteina isolada de soja e concentrado proteico de soro de leite). Mediante a padronizacao de dois protocolos distintos de extracao (ureia 6M e Tris-HCl-SDS-mercaptoetanol) e a utilizacao de controles positivos e negativos, obtiveram-se perfis eletroforeticos tipicos do musculo e das proteinas utilizadas. Ambas as extracoes utilizadas foram adequadas para separacao das proteinas do soro de leite das proteinas da carne, mas a visualizacao dos marcadores da soja nao foi possivel em razao da sobreposicao de bandas.

Mionecroses clostridiais bovinas

Abstract: RESUMO As mionecroses sao enfermidades altamente fatais, representadas pelo carbunculo sintomatico e edema maligno. Com o objetivo de determinar a ocorrencia dos diferentes clostridios envolvidos nas mionecroses em bovinos no Brasil, foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo a partir de 30 casos suspeitos de carbunculo sintomatico e edema maligno. Empregou-se a tecnica de estreptavidina biotina peroxidase em tecidos de bovinos fixados em formol e incluidos em parafina de arquivos de patologia de diferentes estados do pais. Foram detectados 21 Clostridium chauvoei (70%), cincoClostridium septicum(17%), seguidos de doisC. chauvoeiassociado aoC. septicum (7%), um C. chauvoei mais Clostridium sordellii (3%) e um C. chauvoei mais Clostridium novyi tipo A (3%). Este e o primeiro diagnostico de C. novyi tipo A no Brasil, e o primeiro relato da ocorrencia de C. chauvoei associado a lesao no miocardio. Os achados da maior ocorrencia de C. chauvoei e C. septicum corroboram com estudos anteriores no pais. Estes dados sobre a ocorrencia dos agentes responsaveis pelas mionecroses em diferentes estados do pais sao de extrema importância frente as decisoes relativas ao controle dessas enfermidades.

In vitro evaluation of Clostridium septicum alpha toxoid

Abstract: Aiming to investigate in vitro alternatives, a test for neutralizing antibody detection using cell culture was developed. This test was more sensitive than previous animal models, allowing for detection of substantially lower alpha toxin and anti-alpha toxin titers. Titers observed during in vivo and in vitro seroneutralization had a correlation of 99.12%, indicating that cell culture is a viable alternative in the evaluation of vaccine potency, screening of vaccinal seeds, and Clostridium septicum alpha toxin titration.

Fungic microflora of Panicum maximum and Styosanthes spp. commercial seed

Abstract: Sementes comerciais de forrageiras tropicais, pertencente a 26 lotes produzidos em diferentes regioes (safras 2004-05 e 2005-06), foram avaliadas quanto a sanidade. Foram analisadas sementes de cultivares de Panicum maximum (Massai, Mombaca e Tanzânia) e de estilosantes (Estilosantes Campo Grande - ECG). Adicionalmente, avaliou-se a qualidade sanitaria de dois lotes de sementes de P. maximum destinados a exportacao. Para isso, as sementes foram submetidas ao teste de papel de filtro em gerbox, os quais foram incubados a 20oC, com fotoperiodo de 12 h, durante sete dias. Os fungos saprofitos ou secundarios (FSS) mais frequentemente detectados nos lotes de P. maximum foram Aspergillus sp., Cladosporium sp. e Rhizopus sp., os quais, em geral, apresentaram baixa incidencia nas sementes. Quanto aos fungos patogenicos (FP), constatou-se elevado numero de lotes contaminados pelos generos Bipolaris , Curvularia , Fusarium e Phoma . Em geral, foi elevada a incidencia de FP nas sementes de P. maximum . A ocorrencia de Phoma sp. foi a mais critica, pois 81% dos lotes registraram indices superiores a 50%. Nas sementes de 'ECG' foram detectados FSS (generos Aspergillus , Cladosporium e Penicillium ) e FP (generos Bipolaris , Curvularia , Fusarium e Phoma ), os quais apresentaram, em geral, baixa incidencia. FSS e FP tambem foram associados as sementes de P. maximum tipo exportacao, em alguns casos, com incidencia consideravel. Os resultados indicaram que em todas as regioes produtoras existiu pelo menos um fator limitante afetando a qualidade sanitaria das sementes.

Closure System for a Leakproof Baby Feeding Bottle

Abstract: A closure system for a baby bottle including a lower closure ring screwed onto an external thread of a bottle, an upper closure ring for connecting to a screw ring for fastening a drinking teat, locking elements which rotatably and releasably lock together the lower closure ring and the upper closure ring, a circular lip seal made of a soft elastic material concentric to a lower peripheral part being arranged on the first upper face, with at least one axially oriented sealing lip and at least one circular seal geometry engaging with the lip seal and concentric to an upper peripheral part being arranged on a second lower face or vice versa and by rotating the upper closure ring relative to the lower closure ring the upper throughflow hole may optionally be brought into overlapping and non-overlapping positions relative to a lower throughflow hole.

Anticorpos contra o herpesvírus bovino tipo 1 (BoHV-1) nas dez regiões de planejamento do estado de Goiás, Brasil

Abstract: This study investigated the presence of antibodies and antibodies titers against bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-1) in bovines at slaughter age in the ten planning regions of Goias State. Blood samples (660) were collected in slaughterhouses under federal inspection and they were tested for neutralizing antibody by virus neutralization test. The results showed that 84.5% of serum samples were positive for BoHV-1, while the regionalized analysis found rates varying from 63.4% to 100%. This study revealed 36.3% of animals with high titers of neutralizing antibodies. The region surrounding Brasilia presented the highest percentage of animals with high titers (65.8%) and the Southeast Region of Goias, the lowest (13.6%). The occurrence of high percentage of reagents with high antibody levels suggests the course of BoHV-1 active or reactivated infections among these animals. KEYWORDS: Antibodies, bovine herpesvirus type 1, BoHV-1, virus neutralization.

Controle da utilização de ingredientes não cárneos para injeção e marinação de carnes

Abstract: Meat production and consumption growth has been accompanied by a wide diversification of processed products, while the trading of non-processed meat has decreased. Phosphates and non-meat proteins, mainly soy and whey proteins, are widely used to marinate meat, improving its texture and promoting the fluids retention that can bring sensorial benefits to the consumers and improve producers' yield. On this technology, the main processes employed are the injection and the tumbling of raw materials. However, some fraudulent practices must be avoided by the meat inspection service, setting limits to the replacement of meat proteins by water and non-meat ingredients. The present article reviewed the main aspects of the use of such ingredients enlightening the importance of appropriate analytical techniques to control injected, and marinated products.

Tolerância de maçã 'Gala' a baixas temperaturas durante o armazenamento

Abstract: O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar a tolerância de macas 'Gala' a temperaturas baixas, em diferentes periodos, durante o armazenamento. Os tratamentos avaliados foram as temperaturas de 0 (padrao); -0,8 e -1,6°C, durante quatro meses de armazenamento refrigerado (AR) e durante oito meses em atmosfera controlada (AC) a 1,0kPa de O2 + 2,0kPa de CO2; e de combinacao dessas temperaturas por diferentes periodos de tempo no inicio ou no final do armazenamento. Observando os resultados, as temperaturas de 0 e 0,8°C proporcionaram melhor qualidade aos frutos em relacao a -1,6°C, em AR. Em AC, a qualidade dos frutos foi superior em 0°C, em comparacao com as temperaturas de 0,8 e -1,6°C. As temperaturas de -1,6°C, para o AR, e de -0,8 e -1,6°C, para AC, quando aplicadas no inicio do armazenamento, foram mais prejudiciais a qualidade dos frutos do que seu uso no periodo final de armazenamento, provocando, principalmente, degenerescencia interna, dano externo e podridoes.

OCORRÊNCIA DE Campylobacter EM GRANJAS E ABATEDOURO AVÍCOLAS NA MESORREGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE BELÉM, PA, BRASIL

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to observe the occurrence of Campylobacter in chicken farms and in a slaughterhouse. A total of 120 samples were collected in three chicken farms: cloacal swabs (n=30), poultry litter (n=30), feed (n=30) and water (n=30) samples. In the slaughterhouse, 126 samples were collected: water samples (n=36), neck and chest skins (n=30), livers (n=30) and gizzards (n=30). Campylobacter was isolated in 40 (33.33%) chicken farm samples: 29 (96.6%) cloacal swabs, ten (33.3%) poultry litter and one (3.3%) water sample. Campylobacter jejuni was identified in 33 (82.5%) strains from chicken farms. In the slaugtherhouse, all the eleven (8.73%) isolated strains were identified as C. jejuni: ten (27.8%) water samples and one (3.3%) gizzard sample. The main contamination sources in chicken farms were the cloacal swabs, the poultry litter and, in small proportion, the water. In the slaughterhouse, the main critical points were the water from poultry evisceration and the gizzard collected from the small cooling tank. KEY WORDS: Campylobacter, chicken farm, slaughterhouse.

Padronização da titulação da toxina épsilon de Clostridium perfringens tipo D em linhagem contínua de células como alternativa ao bioensaio animal

Abstract: Enterotoxemia, tambem chamada de doenca do rim pulposo, doenca que acomete os ruminantes domesticos, e causada pela acao da toxina epsilon produzida pelo Clostridium perfringens tipo D, um anaerobio comumente isolado do solo e das fezes de animais sadios. O metodo tradicional de diagnostico baseia-se na deteccao e classificacao dessa exotoxina no conteudo intestinal por meio da soroneutralizacao em camundongos. Com isso, o objetivo deste estudo foi padronizar um teste para deteccao e titulacao dessa toxina in vitro e compara-lo ao fenomeno in vivo. Para isso, uma partida de toxina epsilon de Clostridium perfringens tipo D foi titulada em camundongos e em varias linhagens continuas de celulas. Apos a determinacao da linhagem celular mais sensivel, realizaram-se ensaios de titulacao in vitro de diluicoes de uma partida de toxina, comparando-os com os titulos in vivo conhecidos. Os resultados foram agrupados, e foi desenvolvida a equacao matematica que melhor adaptou-se aos intervalos trabalhados. A linhagem MDCK, alem de mais sensivel, demonstrou que o fenomeno observado in vitro pode ser expresso por meio da equacao matematica que apresenta uma correlacao de 98,33%, com a dose minima mortal determinada in vivo. Portanto, a linhagem MDCK permite titular a toxina epsilon de C. perfringens tipo D de forma especifica e sensivel, alem de ser uma tecnica pratica, rapida e que dispensa o uso de animais.

Inquérito soroepidemiológico para brucelose em suídeos do Brasil

Abstract: Porcine brucellosis is an infectious disease characterized by abort, infertility and increased mortality of weaned piglets In this study, using random sampling, 3027 swine herds from three management systems of 13 Brazilian states were evaluated for presence of antibodies for Brucella spp using buffered Brucella antigen tests (BBAT) and 2 mercaptoethanol/slow serum agglutination test It was observed a high occurrence of reagent farms in the card test, but none were positive for Brucella spp in confirmatory tests (2ME)/slow serum agglutination test

A duplex PCR for differentiation of wild and vaccine virus of Aujeszky´s disease

Abstract: A duplex PCR was developed to differentiate the wild-type virus from the attenuated virus used in vaccinations. The PCR was able to amplify fragments of 493bp for glycoprotein E (gE) gene and 207bp for glycoprotein B (gB) gene. The analytical sensitivity was determined by addition of a virus field sample titled in the brain samples of pigs. The standard virus strain Shope, the vaccine strain Bartha, and ten other field isolates were subjected to PCR. The PCR was able to amplify fragments of gE and gB in all field samples and only fragments of gB were amplified in the attenuated virus, as expected. The technique was able to detect up to 10 0.5 TCID50/50µL virus in samples of brain. Duplex PCR proved to be an important tool for differentiation of naturally-infected animals and animals vaccinated with the virus deleted for gE . Keywords: Aujeszky´s disease, PCR, vaccine REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRAFICAS BASCUNANA, C.R.; BJORNEROT, L.; BALLAGI-PORDANY, A. et al. Detection of pseudorabies virus genomic sequences in apparently uninfected “single reactor” pigs.

Validação interlaboratorial do teste de polarização fluorescente para o diagnóstico sorológico da brucelose bovina

Abstract: Esta investigacao teve por objetivo validar o teste de polarizacao fluorescente (TPF) para o diagnostico sorologico da brucelose bovina, determinando a sensibilidade (SE) e a especificidade relativas (SP) e verificando a reprodutibilidade do teste em quatro laboratorios no Brasil. Foram selecionadas 1.389 amostras de soro sanguineo, as quais foram inicialmente submetidas aos testes do antigeno acidificado tamponado (AAT) e mercaptoetanol (2-ME). As mesmas amostras foram submetidas a reacao de fixacao de complemento (RFC) e ao TPF. Para a avaliacao do TPF, foi adotada a combinacao dos resultados do AAT, da RFC e do 2-ME, utilizados como populacao de referencia (padrao-ouro). Para a determinacao do ponto de corte do TPF que proporciona a melhor combinacao de sensibilidade e especificidade, foi usada a analise TG-ROC. A concordância entre os resultados dos quatro laboratorios foi determinada com base no indicador kappa e no coeficiente de correlacao de Pearson. Os pontos de corte do TPF situaram-se entre 85,2 e 93,6 mP, conforme o laboratorio. A sensibilidade variou de 91,7 a 97,3%, e a especificidade situou-se na faixa de 82,6 a 98,3%. Na comparacao entre os resultados do TPF dos quatro laboratorios, o indicador kappa ficou entre 0,69 e 0,95, o que indica, na maioria das situacoes, reprodutibilidade excelente, e o coeficiente de correlacao variou entre 0,76 e 0,99. Os resultados indicaram que o TPF apresentou bom desempenho, na maioria das situacoes, com sensibilidade e especificidade elevadas. Em comparacao com os testes convencionais, o TPF apresenta as vantagens de ser de execucao mais rapida e mais facil e nao estar sujeito a ocorrencia de prozona, como a RFC e o 2-ME, nem de atividade anticomplementar, como a RFC.