Showing papers by "Ministry of Agriculture published in 2015"

Neutralising antibodies for Mayaro virus in Pantanal, Brazil

Abstract: The Pantanal hosts diverse wildlife species and therefore is a hotspot for arbovirus studies in South America. A serosurvey for Mayaro virus (MAYV), eastern (EEEV), western (WEEV) and Venezuelan (VEEV) equine encephalitis viruses was conducted with 237 sheep, 87 free-ranging caimans and 748 equids, including 37 collected from a ranch where a neurologic disorder outbreak had been recently reported. Sera were tested for specific viral antibodies using plaque-reduction neutralisation test. From a total of 748 equids, of which 264 were immunised with vaccine composed of EEEV and WEEV and 484 had no history of immunisation, 10 (1.3%) were seropositive for MAYV and two (0.3%) for VEEV using criteria of a ≥ 4-fold antibody titre difference. Among the 484 equids without history of immunisation, 48 (9.9%) were seropositive for EEEV and four (0.8%) for WEEV using the same criteria. Among the sheep, five were sero- positive for equine encephalitis alphaviruses, with one (0.4%) for EEEV, one (0.4%) for WEEV and three (1.3%) for VEEV. Regarding free-ranging caimans, one (1.1%) and three (3.4%), respectively, had low titres for neutralising antibodies to VEEV and undetermined alphaviruses. The neurological disorder outbreak could not be linked to the alphaviruses tested. Our findings represent strong evidence that MAYV and all equine encephalitis alphaviruses circulated in the Pantanal.

Pesticide exposure of honeybees (Apis mellifera) pollinating melon crops

Abstract: The decline of honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) populations impacts global agricultural production and affects both food production and the economy. One of the probable causes for this decline is the indiscriminate use of pesticides. Here, we compare the levels of pesticide exposure among honeybees that are used to pollinate melon (Cucumis melo L.) crops, honeybees that forage in the forest, and stingless bees, Melipona subnitida, that forage in the forest. The level of pesticide exposure was determined by measuring residual pesticide levels of 152 compounds in the honey. Honey samples from the present study contained 19 different pesticides, 13 of which were present in honey from bees pollinating melon crops. The levels of some compounds were sufficiently high to promote toxic effects in the bees. Thus, crop pollination presents a toxicological risk to bees that may reduce their life span.

Determination of quinolones and fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines and sulfonamides in bovine, swine and poultry liver using LC-MS/MS

Abstract: Antibacterials are widely used in veterinary medicine. Residues of these drugs can remain in food of animal origin, including bovine liver. This paper describes a fast and simple analytical method for the determination of quinolones and fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines and sulfonamides in bovine liver samples. Deuterated enrofloxacin, sulfapyridine and demeclocycline were used as internal standards. The homogenised liver samples were extracted with acidified acetonitrile. Steps of non-solid-phase extraction (SPE) clean-up and concentration were used in the presented method. The final extracts were analysed by sensitive and selective detection of all components in a single run using LC-MS/MS. Acceptable recoveries between 66% and 110% were obtained. Good linearity (r2) above 0.96, considering three different days, for all drugs was achieved in concentrations ranging from 0.0 to 2.0 × the maximum residue limit (MRL). Intraday precision with coefficient of variation (CV%) (n = 6) lower than 14.7% and inter-da...

Potential feedstock for renewable aviation fuel in Brazil

Abstract: The aviation industry worldwide is committed to reduce CO 2 emissions. The present goal is towards Carbon Neutral Growth (CNG) by 2020 and 50% reduction in net CO 2 emissions over 2005 levels by 2050. There are not easy alternatives to liquid fuels for airplanes; therefore, biofuels are necessarily part of the solution. However, the specifications for jet biofuel rule out ethanol and biodiesel, the most common biofuels in the market. There are several routes for the production of aviation biofuel allowing the use of a wide range of biomasses. The conversion and refining technology pathways will be determinant for the choice of feedstock. At present, most jet biofuel tested in airplanes are derived from oils, but not taking into account conversion technologies, the best options to start an aviation biofuel industry in Brazil are sugarcane, eucalyptus, and soybean, of the sugar, cellulose, and oil crop groups. The main reasons are the established production chains, high yields, competitive prices, and possibility of greenhouse gases abatement. Other crops may be feasible options depending on specific regional conditions, further agronomic improvements, and cost reduction. Taking as reference the energy content of ethanol, around 30 Mha of land would be necessary to supply sugarcane to meet 50% of the present global consumption of jet fuel. This is less than the 64 Mha of land suitable for sugarcane in Brazil, mostly replacing pasture and without using environmentally sensitive areas. This area may be less as biomass yields increase and the energy of other plant parts is more efficiently used. The opportunity costs of final products derived from the biomass feedstock may place the price of the energy of jet biofuel above that of the fossil jet fuel. Appropriate public policies and tax treatment may be necessary to stimulate an emerging aviation biofuel industry.

Hematological and morphometric blood value of four cultured species of economically important tropical foodfish

Abstract: presented higher variation of White Blood Cells (WBC), neutrophils (Nf), lymphocytes (Lf), monocytes (Mf) and thrombocytes (Trb). Data of large axes (LA), minor axes (MA), surface (SF) and volume (VL) are in the same variance range. This study has demonstrated that hematological variances can occur between animals of different species as well as of the same species. O uso e validacao de ferramentas para monitorar o estado de saude dos peixes esta se tornando mais evidente, devido a expansao da aquicultura. Este estudo investigou a hematologia e a morfometria do sangue de

Qualidade do recolhimento mecanizado do café

Abstract: O recolhimento do cafe de varricao realizado com qualidade e essencial para reduzir as perdas do cafe que caiu ao solo de forma natural ou devido a colheita. Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar a qualidade operacional de um conjunto mecanizado de recolhimento de cafe, por meio da eficiencia de recolhimento, porcentagem de cafe remanescente e pureza, utilizando-se o controle estatistico de processo. O trabalho foi desenvolvido no municipio de Presidente Olegario, MG, e a avaliacao da qualidade operacional foi materializada em uma grade amostral de 27 pontos espacados em 10 metros na linha do cafeeiro. A operacao foi realizada com uma recolhedora Master Cafe 2, em uma lavoura com carga pendente de 90,0 sacas de cafe ben. ha -1 , sendo 15,3 sacas de cafe ben. ha -1 presentes no solo. Utilizou-se como tratamentos tres rotacoes da TDP (1400, 1700 e 2000 rpm), com nove repeticoes, delineadas em blocos ao acaso. Avaliou-se a composicao do material inicial presente no solo, a quantidade de cafe remanescente apos a operacao da recolhedora, a eficiencia de recolhimento e a eficiencia de separacao do cafe e detritos no interior da maquina. Concluiu-se que a quantidade de material a ser recolhido pode apresentar alta variabilidade na distribuicao. A quantidade de cafe presente neste material apresenta alta variabilidade, interferindo na capacidade de recolhimento e separacao da maquina. O incremento na rotacao da TDP da recolhedora nao eleva a eficiencia de recolhimento, mas melhora a eficiencia de separacao do cafe no interior da maquina.

Regime shifts in demersal assemblages of the Benguela Current Large Marine Ecosystem: a comparative assessment

Abstract: Using long-term survey data, changes in demersal faunal communities in the Benguela Current Large Marine Ecosystem were analysed at community and population levels to provide a comparative overview of the occurrence and timing of regime shifts. For South Africa, the timing of a community-level shift observed in the early 1990s, and of a lesser shift observed in the mid-2000s, corresponded well with the results of other studies that showed environmental, community-level or population-level changes at similar times, suggesting that environmental forcing had played a role. Several population-level shifts were detected for Namibia; these and a regime shift in the overall community identified for this country corresponded well to the timing of severe environmental perturbations and an extensive regime shift in the pelagic ecosystem of this area. However, the interpretation of these shifts was confounded by changes in sampling gear; closer scrutiny of the types of species affected and the direction of shifts (increase/decrease) in relation to the timing and nature of sampling gear modifications, revealed that the observed shifts were potentially an artefact of gear changes. This highlighted the importance of accounting for changes in sampling protocols during the analysis and interpretation of long-term data. For Angola, a community level shift in the mid-2000s and population-level changes for a few species (mainly positive), could not have been influenced by gear changes which took place mainly before the onset of the time series under consideration. However, no clear environmental or anthropogenic changes that could have influenced these shifts were obvious.

Impactos do surto de febre aftosa de 2005 sobre as exportações de carne bovina brasileira

Abstract: Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) can lead to sanitary barriers to international trade and involves highinvestments for control and great losses in the event of an outbreak. This study investigated the impactscaused by FMD on the exports of fresh beef from Brazil after the 2005 outbreak and the observanceof the regionalization principle of the Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and PhytosanitaryMeasures (SPS) by countries member of the WTO that were listed as the top 10 beef importingcountries in 2004. The FMD outbreak that began in 2005 did not limit the increase in exports of freshbeef from Brazil, but impacted negatively on exports from Mato Grosso do Sul and Parana States.The disease did not impact exports to the United States, Japan or Mexico, since these markets were closed to Brazil. Saudi Arabia, Russia and Iran were not members of the WTO in October 2005 andtherefore had no obligation to respect the principle of regionalization, though Russia respected it.Among the other major importers of 2004, the Netherlands, Egypt, Italy, United Kingdom, France,Germany and Spain respected the principle of regionalization of the SPS Agreement. Chile did notrespect the principle and the occurrence of the disease closed the market to Brazilian fresh beef. Keywords: Disease; diplomacy; international trade; sanitary barrier; SPS agreement.

Bovine herpesvirus 6 in buffaloes (Bubalus bulalis) from the Amazon region, Brazil.

Abstract: This study presents the first description of Bovine herpesvirus 6 (BoHV-6) that was isolated from buffaloes of Amazon region in Brazil. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the BoHV-6 Brazilian strains clustered with the sequence of BoHV-6 from elsewhere available at the GenBank. It was observed in some buffaloes with lymphoproliferative disease in one herd, thus the animals were also tested for Bovine leukemia virus (BLV), which has been associated to lymphoma in bovines. All animals were negative to BLV. These results indicate that BoHV-6 is present in buffaloes in Brazil, but the importance and impact of this infection and its association with any illness is still undefined.

Method validation for control determination of mercury in fresh fish and shrimp samples by solid sampling thermal decomposition/amalgamation atomic absorption spectrometry

Abstract: A method for the determination of total mercury in fresh fish and shrimp samples by solid sampling thermal decomposition/amalgamation atomic absorption spectrometry (TDA AAS) has been validated following international foodstuff protocols in order to fulfill the Brazilian National Residue Control Plan. The experimental parameters have been previously studied and optimized according to specific legislation on validation and inorganic contaminants in foodstuff. Linearity, sensitivity, specificity, detection and quantification limits, precision (repeatability and within-laboratory reproducibility), robustness as well as accuracy of the method have been evaluated. Linearity of response was satisfactory for the two range concentrations available on the TDA AAS equipment, between approximately 25.0 and 200.0 μg kg−1 (square regression) and 250.0 and 2000.0 μg kg−1 (linear regression) of mercury. The residues for both ranges were homoscedastic and independent, with normal distribution. Correlation coefficients ob...

Intervalos de referência sanguíneos e a influência da idade e sexo sobre parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos de ovinos da raça Santa Inês criados na Amazônia Oriental

Abstract: O hemograma e o perfil bioquimico sao usados para diagnosticar doencas em animais domesticos. Esses exames podem ser influenciados pela idade, sexo, nutricao, raca, especie e condicoes ambientais. Portanto, dados de uma regiao nao podem ser totalmente extrapolados para animais criados em regioes geograficamente distintas. Isso se aplica a ovinos criados no Bioma Amazonico. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar os valores hematologicos e bioquimicos de ovinos Santa Ines, de diferentes idades e generos criados na Amazonia oriental. Foram examinados 91 ovinos divididos em tres grupos: G1 (3-6 meses de idade, n = 31); G2 (7 a 24 meses de idade, n = 30) e G3 (mais de 24 meses de idade, n = 30). O hemograma e as determinacoes bioquimicas foram realizados com um contador automatico e um analisador semi-automatico, respectivamente. Os resultados foram comparados pelo teste de Tukey. O numero de eritrocitos, indices eritrocitarios, plaquetograma, numero de eosinofilos, teor de proteina total, de ureia e de creatinina foram influenciados pela idade dos animais. O coeficiente de variacao dos eritrocitos e a concentracao de creatinina foram influenciados pelo sexo, sendo maiores nos machos. A relacao neutrofilos:linfocitos (N:L) foi maior que um para todos os grupos etarios. Neste estudo foram determinados valores de referencia para ovinos criados na Amazonia Oriental. Alem disso, demonstrou-se que ao interpretar exames hematologicos e bioquimicos de ovinos, a idade e o sexo devem ser considerados.

Efeito de meios de cultura, concentrações de GA3 e pH sobre a germinação in vitro de mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa Gomes)

Abstract: A mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa Gomes) destaca-se por possuir um grande potencial como planta frutifera e produtora de borracha. As dificuldades encontradas no seu processo de propagacao por meio de sementes, devido, principalmente, a baixa taxa de germinacao e a recalcitrância, valorizam a busca por solucoes alternativas para a producao de mudas dessa especie, de maneira rapida e eficiente. Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, realizar o estudo da germinacao de sementes de mangabeira em condicoes in vitro, tendo como precedente a obtencao de explantes, para posterior utilizacao no cultivo in vitro. Neste estudo foram avaliados os efeitos de diferentes meios de cultura, concentracoes de sacarose e GA3 e de tres niveis de pH na germinacao da mangabeira. Frutos maduros foram coletados, passaram por processo de beneficiamento e tiveram suas sementes retiradas e utilizadas como explantes. Maior porcentagem de germinacao de sementes de mangabeira in vitro foi obtida com a utilizacao dos meios de cultura WPM e MS/2, suplementados com 15,0 g L-1 de sacarose, 0,2 mg L-1 de GA3 e com pH corrigido para 5,8.

Detection of Vaccinia Virus in Milk: Evidence of a Systemic and Persistent Infection in Experimentally Infected Cows

Abstract: Bovine vaccinia (BV) is a zoonosis caused by Vaccinia virus (VACV), which affects lactating cows and milkers. VACV DNA and infectious particles have been detected in milk of naturally infected cows. However, the period and pattern of VACV shedding in milk is unknown, as is whether the presence of VACV in milk is due to a localized or a systemic infection. To address those questions, eight lactating cows were inoculated with VACV in previously scarified teats. The experiment was divided in two phases. In Phase 1, milk samples were collected daily for 33 days, and in Phase 2, four animals from the first phase were immunosuppressed. In both phases, milk was collected with a sterile catheter on even days and by hand milking on odd days. All animals showed typical BV lesions in the inoculated teats. All milk samples were subjected to nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time quantitative PCR to detect VACV DNA. PCR-positive samples were subjected to virus isolation. VACV DNA was intermitten...

Heterosis and combining ability of dual-purpose tomato hybrids developed to meet family farmers' needs in Brazil and Mozambique

Abstract: Brazil is the world eighth largest tomato producer and, within the country, the tomato production chain is segmented according to fruit destination: fresh consumption and processing (industrial supply). In contrast, Mozambique does not have a differentiated chain and cultivars are expected to serve both purposes. As there are no tomato breeding programs in Mozambique, cultivars used in the country come from other regions of the world, including Brazil. This paper describes the development and assessment of tomato hybrids with dual-purpose: fresh use and processing. Five tomato genotypes (B13LD, Castone, Massag-72, "Viradoro", and "Rio Grande") were crossed in complete diallel design without reciprocal, and the general and specific combining ability (GCA and SCA) and heterosis were estimated to ten agronomic and fruit quality traits. The offspring of cross B13LD x "Rio Grande" showed potential for use in dual purpose, considering SCA and heterosis estimates for fruit firmness (FF), total content of soluble solids (TSS), number of fruits per plant (NFP) and yield (YLD). Combinations B13LD x Castone, Massag-72 x "Viradoro", and Massag-72 x "Rio Grande", although having no strength to increase YLD, had positive heterosis for FF, TSS, and NFP. The development of high-yielding genotypes, with agronomic traits that meet the expectations of both markets are a breakthrough for Mozambican tomato producers and may also be very convenient to family farmers in Brazil. In both countries, these dual-purpose cultivars represent the freedom of choice to farmers, who will be then in position to allocate their production to the most profitable market segment.

Inbreeding on productive and reproductive traits of dairy Gyr cattle

Abstract: The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters and to evaluate the effects of inbreeding on productive and reproductive traits of dairy Gyr cattle. Single-trait animal models were used to estimate genetic parameters and solutions for inbreeding coefficients for milk (milk 305-d), fat (fat 305-d), protein (protein 305-d), lactose (lactose 305-d), and total solids (TS 305-d) yield up to 305 days of lactation, days in milk (DIM), age at first calving (AFC) and calving intervals (CI). The mean inbreeding coefficient was 2.82%. The models with linear and quadratic effects of inbreeding coefficients fitted the data better than the models without or with only linear effect of inbreeding coefficient for all traits. The increase in inbreeding coefficient caused several losses in productive and reproductive traits of dairy Gyr cattle. Estimates of heritability for milk 305-d, fat 305-d, protein 305-d, lactose 305-d, TS 305-d, DIM, AFC, and CI were 0.28, 0.27, 0.22, 0.21, 0.22, 0.17, 0.20, and 0.10, respectively. It is possible to achieve genetic progress in productive traits (especially in milk 305-d and fat 305-d) and age at first calving in dairy Gyr cattle through selection.

Multiresidue analysis of pesticides in peanuts using modified QuEChERS sample preparation and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry detection

Abstract: A multiclass method has been optimized and validated for the simultaneous determination of 113 pesticide residues belonging to several classes in peanuts. It has been based on the QuEChERS methodology (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) and ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Several extraction solutions were tested and the composition that showed the best results consisted of a mixture of ethyl acetate and acetonitrile. A cleanup step using the dispersive phases C18 (octadecyl) and PSA (Primary and Secondary Amine) was necessary due to the high amount of oil present in the matrix. The method was validated and the parameters of validation were satisfactory. The accuracy was assessed by calculating the recovery of spiked blank samples in four concentration levels (0.010; 0.025; 0.050 and 0.100 mg kg−1). The results showed satisfactory recoveries (between 70 and 120%), except for oxamyl and tricyclazol at the 0.010 mg kg−1 level that did not show acceptable parameters for the recovery assays. Repeatability and intermediate precision showed coefficients of variation <20%, except for buprofezin, etione and picolinafen at the 0.100 mg kg−1 level. Limits of detection and quantification of the method were 0.005 and 0.010 mg kg−1, respectively, except for oxamyl and tricyclazol.

Análise econômica da colheita mecanizada do café utilizando repetidas operações da colhedora

Abstract: Apesar da colheita mecanizada do cafe ser mais economica que a colheita manual, em geral, ela nao e capaz de substituir totalmente a mao de obra. Uma das maneiras de se reduzir o custo de producao da cafeicultura e encontrar meios de viabilizar a mecanizacao total da colheita, sendo a utilizacao de repetidas operacoes da colhedora uma forma de se obter eficiencia de colheita suficiente para que se dispense a necessidade de repasse manual. Portanto, objetivou-se, com este trabalho, realizar uma analise economica da colheita mecanizada do cafe utilizando repetidas operacoes da colhedora, sendo ela propria ou alugada, na regiao do Cerrado Mineiro. Analisou-se o custo das colheitas mecanizadas com uma a seis operacoes da colhedora e a colheita manual, utilizando colhedora propria e alugada, em lavoura de carga alta e intermediaria, na regiao do Cerrado Mineiro. Utilizou-se delineamento de blocos ao acaso e quatro repeticoes. Verificou-se que, em lavoura de carga elevada (121,54 sacas de cafe ben. ha-1) , a utilizacao de tres operacoes da colhedora, sendo ela propria ou alugada e a opcao de colheita mais indicada (R$ 3.975,36 e 4.775,03 ha-1, respectivamente). Em lavoura de carga intermediaria (50,78 sacas de cafe ben. ha-1), recomenda-se a utilizacao de tres operacoes da colhedora, quando ela e propria e de duas passadas, quando ela e alugada (R$ 2.543,97 e 2.783,60 ha-1, respectivamente).

Selenium biofortification in rice - A pragmatic perspective

Abstract: Selenium is an antioxidant trace mineral with important biochemical functions related to the enzymatic activity of selenoproteins. Due to a wide variation in the content of selenium from different plant sources, there is a high risk of deficiency of this nutrient in human nutrition, and particularly in the early childhood. Thus, the use of biofortified staple foods, namely selenium rice flour can be understood as an important trait, namely for food production for infants. This study aims to evaluate the importance of selenium biofortified rice flour, further considering baby foods.

Estimate of the uncertainty in measurement for the determination of mercury in seafood by TDA AAS.

Abstract: An approach for the estimate of the uncertainty in measurement considering the individual sources related to the different steps of the method under evaluation as well as the uncertainties estimated from the validation data for the determination of mercury in seafood by using thermal decomposition/amalgamation atomic absorption spectrometry (TDA AAS) is proposed. The considered method has been fully optimized and validated in an official laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply of Brazil, in order to comply with national and international food regulations and quality assurance. The referred method has been accredited under the ISO/IEC 17025 norm since 2010. The approach of the present work in order to reach the aim of estimating of the uncertainty in measurement was based on six sources of uncertainty for mercury determination in seafood by TDA AAS, following the validation process, which were: Linear least square regression, Repeatability, Intermediate precision, Correction fa...

Nutritional evaluation of elephant-grass silages with different levels of by-products from the cashew juice industry.

Abstract: This study was conducted to evaluate the intake, apparent digestibility (AD), and degradability in situ of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum) silages containing 0, 35.0, 70.0, 105.0, and 140.0 g kg-1 by-product from dried cashew apple (DCBP) (as fed basis). A completely randomized design with four replicates was adopted. For the study of degradability in situ, one adult male cattle was used in a completely randomized design with split plots. Intake and AD of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), hemicellulose, and cellulose were evaluated, and the digestible energy (DE) and nitrogen balance (NB) of the silages were determined. The degradability in situ of DM, CP, and NDF was also determined. Addition of DCBP provided an increase in the intakes of DM, CP, NDF, and ADF. No effects of the levels of addition of DCBP were observed on the coefficients of AD of the silages. Regarding NB, positive values were only detected in the treatment with 105.0 g kg-1 DCBP. In the analysis of the degradability in situ, the incubation periods increased the rates of disappearance of DM, CP, and NDF. However, no effect of the levels of DCBP were observed on the effective degradability of DM. The by-product from dried cashew apple can be included at up to 140.0 g kg-1 in silages of elephant grass, but the high contents of acid detergent insoluble nitrogen may compromise the use and availability of nitrogen to the animals.

Detecção de agentes associados com doenças respiratórias de suínos por PCR em tempo real

Abstract: Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex (PRDC) is a group of diseases that cause high losses in the swine industry. Several infectious agents are related to PRDC including porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2), pseudorabies virus (SuHV-1),Haemophilus parasuis (HP), Mycoplasma hypneumoniae (MH) and Pasteurela multocida (PM). The aim of this study was to develop real-time PCRs (qPCR) for the detection of these infectious agents. Oligonucleotides were designed for each specific infectious agent and labeled with different fluorophores to amplify specific parts of the genome. This was done in two groups of reactions—a duplex qPCR for SuHV-1 and PCV-2 and a multiplex qPCR to detect the three bacteria simultaneously. The reactions were tested in 142 pooled samples of swine lymph nodes and lungs with clinical signs of PRDC. There were 135 samples that tested positive for PCV-2, 61 for HP, 29 for PM, 30 for MH and zero for SuHV-1. We recorded 76 cases of co-infection. The qPCRs developed in this study are useful tools in the diagnosis of PRDC.

Quality and safety of pet treats: assessment of the microbial safety and quality of pet treats

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the hygienic and sanitary conditions of pet treats from an export industry. The occurrence of Salmonella, enumerated sulfite-reducing Clostridium (SRC), coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (CPS) and total (TC) and thermotolerant coliforms (TTC) was studied. Of the 108 samples analyzed, 22 were contaminated by some microorganism. TC were detected at two samples (3.5 × 101 and 4.5 × 101 colony-forming units [cfu]/g), SRC in 19 samples (1.0 × 101 to 1.3 × 105 cfu/g) and Salmonella spp. at only one sample; CPS and TTC were not detected. These findings indicate the microbiological safety of most items, except for a mix of dried bovine offal, with 1.3 × 105 cfu/g of SRC, and one mix of dehydrated bovine viscera contaminated with Salmonella. The current production processes and the food safety management system are adequate to guarantee the production of microbiologically safe foods, but that some improvements can still be made with regard to cleaning and disinfection and hygiene training. Practical Applications The work draws attention to the prevention on handling of pet food at the domestic environment. Control of bacterial foodborne pathogens remains the preeminent challenge for research in by-products safety. In modern by-products production, considerable progress has been achieved in controlling bacterial foodborne pathogens.