Ministry of Agriculture

About: Ministry of Agriculture is a government organization based out in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Chemistry & Salmonella. The organization has 1153 authors who have published 1189 publications receiving 14442 citations.

Avaliação do tratamento térmico na composição química e na qualidade da cajuína

Abstract: In this work the effect of the thermal process on the quality and chemical composition of the beverage cajuina was studied. Cajuina is basically clarified cashew juice. Samples of cajuina were submitted to thermal processes, of constant heating (100oC) for 1:00, 1:30, 2:00, 2:30, 3:00 and 4:00 hours. The samples were subsequently analyzed by HPLC for glucose, fructose, citric acid, ascorbic acid, hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) and furfural. The results showed that the commercial cajuina beverage of Ceara State presented a great diversity in process standardization and vitamin C content, caused by inadequate thermal processing. The process is more efficient with a time period of 2:00hs. The work also indicates a combination of the analyses of 5-HMF, furfural and ascorbic acid and the ratio ascorbic acid/citric acid, as an alternative methodology for the evaluation of cajuina quality.

Fibrinonecrotic enteritis of piglets in a commercial farm: a postmortem study of the prevalence and the role of lesion associated agents Isospora suis and Clostridium perfringens

Abstract: The objectives were to determine the prevalence of fibrinonecrotic enteritis (FNE) on a farrow-to-finish farm of 1,000 sows, to categorize the pathological changes, and to to investigate the lesion associated agents Isospora suis and Clostridium perfringens Causes of preweaning mortality (PWM) were classified into 8 categories including FNE Obtained data were evaluated for statistical significance by adjusted Chi-square analysis Samples of FNE were taken for complementary studies including a PCR technique for genotyping toxin genes of Clostridium perfringens from gut samples fixed in 10% neutral formalin From 3,153 piglets examined, less than 1% was classified as FNE FNE prevalence increased progressively from the first to the third week, the last differing statistically from the others Eighty percent of gut samples with FNE lesions were positive to Isospora suis, when examined by PCR from 9 severe FNE lesions detected 7 positive samples only for a toxin gene, characteristic of C perfringens type-A

Testing green coffee for ochratoxin a, Part III Performance of ochratoxin a sampling plan

Abstract: Green coffee shipments are often inspected for ochratoxin A (OTA) and classified into good or bad categories depending on whether the OTA estimates are above or below a defined regulatory limit. Because of the uncertainty associated with the sampling, sample preparation, and analytical steps of an OTA test procedure, some shipments of green coffee will be misclassified. The misclassification of lots leads to some good lots being rejected (sellers' risk) and some bad lots being accepted (buyers' risk) by an OTA sampling plan. Reducing the uncertainty of an OTA test procedure and using an accept/reject limit less than the regulatory limit can reduce the magnitude of one or both risks. The uncertainty of the OTA test procedure is most effectively reduced by increasing sample size (or increasing the number of samples analyzed), because the sampling step is the largest source of uncertainty in the OTA test procedure. The effects of increasing sample size and changing the sample accept/reject limit relative to the regulatory limit on the performance of OTA sampling plans for green coffee were investigated. For a given accept/reject limit of 5 microg/kg, increasing sample size increased the percentage of lots accepted at concentrations below the regulatory limit and increased the percentage of lots rejected at concentrations above the regulatory limit. As a result, increasing sample size reduced both the number of good lots rejected (sellers' risk) and the number of bad lots accepted (buyers' risk). For a given sample size (1 kg), decreasing the sample accept/reject limit from 5 to 2 microg/kg relative to a fixed regulatory limit of 5 microg/kg decreased the percentage of lots accepted and increased the percentage of lots rejected at all OTA concentrations. As a result, decreasing the accept/reject limit below the regulatory limit increased the number of good lots rejected (sellers' risk), but decreased the number of bad lots accepted (buyers' risk).

Degradation of 4,4′-Dinitrocarbanilide in Chicken Breast by Thermal Processing

Abstract: Nicarbazin is one of the major anticoccidials used in broiler feeds. The compound 4,4'-dinitrocarbanilide (DNC) is the marker residue of concern left from nicarbazin in chicken meat. The effect of thermal processing on DNC content accumulated in chicken breast was assessed, and samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Five conventional cooking methods were evaluated: boiling, grilling, microwaving, frying, and roasting. To ensure DNC in meat, broilers were fed nicarbazin without withdrawal period. All heating methods surpassed the 70 °C end point core temperature in chicken breast. Maximum DNC degradation was reached at 10 min for boiling, at 30 min for grilling, and at 2 min for microwaving, and no further reduction was observed for longer thermal processing time. Boiling was more efficient in reducing DNC (69%). Grilling, microwaving, and frying achieved on average 55% of degradation. The outcomes reported herein may be considered in decision-making regarding further review of maximum residue limits.