Ministry of Agriculture

About: Ministry of Agriculture is a government organization based out in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Chemistry & Salmonella. The organization has 1153 authors who have published 1189 publications receiving 14442 citations.

Socioenvironmental impacts of biogas production in a cooperative agroenergy condominium

Abstract: The objective of this study was to assess the impacts of biogas production implemented by family farmers organized in a cooperative agroenergy condominium. Evidences of changes in socioenvironmental performance were obtained through field observations and queries to the farmers. Observed ‘change coefficients’ were inserted into multicriteria indicators, weighted by their spatial scale of occurrence in the rural establishments, and impact indices were calculated for a set of seven characterization aspects (technological efficiency, environmental quality, productive process, employment, income, health, and management, and administration), integrated in 23 criteria and 123 indicators. The resulting impact indices of the implementation of the cooperative agroenergy condominium pointed out to positive performances in most of the criteria, with occasional transitory negative indices in specific indicators, related to farmers' particular contexts. Statistically significant positive results were obtained for seven of the ten Ecological impact criteria, as follows (i) use of agricultural inputs and resources; (ii) energy consumption; (iii) self-generation, utilization, reuse, and autonomy in the agricultural area; (iv) energy security; (v) emissions to the atmosphere; (vi) soil quality, and (vii) water quality. In the Socioenvironmental impacts dimension, statistically significant positive results were found for the following criteria: (i) productivity; (ii) productive integration in the concept of biorefinery/Ecopark; (iii) training; (iv) qualification and availability of work; (v) income generation; (vi) waste disposal, and (vii) institutional relationship. The agroenergy condominium contributed to reducing environmental impacts, promoting productive efficiency and improving income generation in the cooperating family farms.

Tüpfelreaktionen zum Nachweis von Hydroxylamin, Hydrazin und Ascorbinsäure in alkalischer Lösung

Abstract: Ammoniakalische Losungen von Hydroxylamin, Hydrazin und Ascorbinsaure bewirken aus ammoniakalischen Losungen von Kupfer(II)-ferrocyanid und -ferricyanid die Abscheidung von Kupfer(I)-ferrocyanid bzw. -ferricyanid. Aus Losungen von Natrium-Kupferpyrophosphat, die p-Dimethylaminobenzylidenrhodanin oder Alkalirhodanid enthalten, wird Kupfer(I)-p-dimethylaminobenzylidenrhodanin bzw. Kupfer(I)-rhodanid abgeschieden. Hohere Oxyde von Pb, Tl, Co und Ni werden zu den betreffenden Hydroxyden reduziert. Es werden selektive Tupfelnachweise fur Hydroxylamin, Hydrazin und Ascorbinsaure beschrieben, die auf diesen Effekten beruhen.

Production and purification of epsilon prototoxin produced by Clostridium perfringens type D

Abstract: A prototoxina epsilon foi obtida a partir de cultivo liquido, rico em carboidratos, a partir de amostra de C. perfringens tipo D (INTA - Argentina), incubado em condicoes de anarobiose a 37oC por oito horas. O sobrenadante da cultura foi concentrado utilizando-se o sistema Amicon com membrana de "cut off" de 10 kDa. O concentrado foi precipitado com sulfato de amonio (350 g/ml) e dissolvido em tampao fosfato 0,01 M (pH 7,2). A prototoxina purificada por cromatografia de troca ionica (DEAE-Sepharose CL 6B) e isolada no primeiro pico, mostrou uma banda unica de aproximadamente 34kDa de peso molecular em SDS-PAGE, alem de ser toxica em camundongos.