Ministry of Agriculture

About: Ministry of Agriculture is a government organization based out in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Biology & Chemistry. The organization has 1153 authors who have published 1189 publications receiving 14442 citations.

Detection of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines with fused potassium thiocyanate

Abstract: Hydrogen sulfide is liberated when molten alkali thiocyanate reacts with ammonium salts or with salts of primary, secondary and tertiary aliphatic and aromatic amines. The mechanism of the topochemical reaction of ammonium salts is discussed. The reactivity of molten potassium thiocyanate permits the detection of organic bases. The application of the test in spot test analysis is described.

Modeling the effect of the age of dam at calving on the weaning weight of Charolais-Zebu crossbred calves

Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate alternatives for modeling the age of dam at calving (AOD) effect on the weaning weight of Charolais-Zebu crossbred calves. Data from 56,965 calves were analyzed, using statistical models considering the fixed effects of the contemporary groups, sire and dam genetic groups, and AOD. The AOD effect was fitted to models using annual age classes, and ordinary quadratic to quintic-ordered polynomials (OP) or segmented polynomials (SP) with two, three, four, six and twelve evenly spaced intervals. In the case of segmented polynomials, general linear and quadratic effects and only one quadratic additional term from each knot were considered. The AOD effects were nested within sex of calf in all cases. According to the fitting criteria, the F-test for the reduction of residual sum of squares, coefficient of determination, residual sum of squares and mean of squared residuals, the three interval segmented polynomial (two knots) fitted to the data as well as the more complex polynomials.

Analysis of bovine cysticercosis in the state of Goiás, Brazil and economical losses for beef farms

Abstract: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and spatial distribution of bovine cysticercosis in the state of Goias, Brazil; to verify its association with epidemiological variables, and to establish the economical losses for beef farms. A set of 23 255 979 bovines from 246 municipalities were slaughtered from 2007 through 2014. The prevalence of bovine cysticercosis was 0·53% [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0·5295–0·5354]. The Central mesoregion showed a higher risk [odds ratio (OR) = 4·44; 95% CI 4·2936–4·5895] for detecting infected animals with cysticerci compared with those raised at North and Northeast mesoregion (OR = 1·02 and OR = 1·02). The microregion of Goiânia had a higher risk for bovine cysticercosis occurrence (OR = 11·05, 95% CI 10·6933–11·4099) compared with the microregion of Sao Miguel do Araguaia (OR = 1). None of the epidemiological variables evaluated in this study was significantly associated (P > 0·05) with bovine cysticercosis prevalence. In conclusion, the prevalence of bovine cysticercosis in the state of Goias, Brazil, was 0·53% and some mesoregions and microregions presented a higher risk for its occurrence. The economical losses due to its occurrence during the period ranged from US$9 260 728·57 to 11 313 816·67. These results highlighted the needs of adopting prophylactic measures and the development of political strategies in specific regions in order to control this zoonose and reduce the economical losses for beef production chain and the costs for public health.

Controle de broqueadores de frutos de tomateiro com uso de faixas de culturas circundantes

Abstract: Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito do plantio de faixas circundantes a cultura do tomateiro sobre insetos broqueadores de frutos em cultivos de verao e de inverno. As especies usadas nas faixas circundantes foram Crotalaria juncea, guandu, milho e sorgo. Avaliaram-se a produtividade do tomateiro, o numero de aplicacoes de inseticidas e as intensidades de ataque dos insetos broqueadores de frutos Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), Helicoverpa zea (Bod.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) e Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Guenee) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) e as populacoes de inimigos naturais. As culturas de tomate circundadas por faixas de gramineas apresentaram menores perdas por insetos broqueadores de frutos do que aquelas circundadas por faixas de leguminosas. O tratamento com faixa circundante de sorgo, requereu menor uso de inseticidas e apresentou maiores produtividades e populacoes de himenopteros predadores. UNITERMOS: Lycopersicon esculentum, faixas circundantes a cultura, Tuta absoluta, Helicoverpa zea, Neoleucinodes elegantalis.