Ministry of Agriculture

About: Ministry of Agriculture is a government organization based out in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Chemistry & Salmonella. The organization has 1153 authors who have published 1189 publications receiving 14442 citations.

Nachweis von Zinn in Mineralien, Legierungen sowie in mit Zinnsalzen beschwerter Seide

Abstract: Die Uberfuhrung von Zinn in benzollosliches Zinn(IV)jodid und die daran angeschlossene Fluoreszenzreaktion von Zinn(IV)hydroxyd und Morin gestatten den schnellen und eindeutigen Nachweis von Zinn in Minerahen, Legierungen und Seide.

Listeria monocytogenes contamination in industrial sausages

Abstract: Listeria monocytogenes is the pathogen responsible for listeriosis foodborne outbreaks, which is a serious disease for animals and humans, mainly elderly, children and pregnant women. Listeriosis can progress to encephalitis, meningitis and septicemia, and cause miscarriage, foetal death or neonatal infection. The aim of the current study was to estimate the occurrence of L. monocytogenes in sausages produced by Brazilian companies registered at the Federal Inspection Service (SIF) and discuss issues related to possible contamination. Samples were collected by the official service from companies throughout Brazil. Analyses were performed in official laboratories of the National Agricultural Laboratories Network (LANAGRO), accredited by ISO 17025. During the study period, 98 samples of sausages were analyzed and L. monocytogenes was detected in 8.16% of the samples (8/98). Six sausage companies were found positive for L. monocytogenes, where cross-contamination occurred after heat treatment and prior to product packaging, favouring the presence of this pathogen. Given that sausage is a cooked meat product that may or may not be heated prior to consumption, and is appreciated mainly by children, this, therefore, poses a risk to consumers. This result highlights that it is essential to intensify compliance with good manufacturing practices and to adopt risk mitigation measures to avoid this pathogen.

Evaluation of physical euthanasia for neonatal piglets on-farm

Abstract: Twenty-seven neonate piglets (range from 0.35 to 1.17 kg) were evaluated for the effectiveness of blunt force trauma as a method of on-farm cull. Brainstem function, brain injury, and hemorrhage scores (increasing from 0 to 3) were assessed after striking the head against a concrete floor. Electroencephalograms (EEG) from a subset of 15 piglets were recorded before and after blunt force trauma for electrophysiological assessments. Blunt force trauma was performed by a single experienced farmer in a commercial farm by holding the piglet by its both hind legs and striking the head against the concrete floor. All piglets remained recumbent and did not show brainstem reflexes. Only one piglet did not presented tonic/clonic physical activity. The mean time to the onset of persistent isoelectric EEG was 64.3 ± 7.3 s (range 18 to 115). Total power, theta, alpha, and beta power decreased to approximately 45%, 30%, 20%, and 15% from pretreatment power, respectively, by 15-s post-impact. There were no periods of normal-like EEG after the culling. Bruises in the neck and shoulder were found in 67% and 70% of piglets, respectively. All piglets presented skull fractures with 20% having the nasal bone(s) fractured. Brain damage was found in all piglets, mainly in the frontal lobe(s). The occipital lobe(s) presented the greatest frequency of severe damage. The analysis of the radiographs also found a high frequency of fractures in this region. Hemorrhage was most frequent in the frontal, parietal, occipital lobes, and midbrain. When performed correctly with the appropriate weight class, blunt force trauma can be used as an effective method for the on-farm killing of nursing piglets resulting in death. However, this method should not be promoted over more reliable and repeatable cull methods such as captive bolt gun. As with blunt force trauma, there is a significant potential for animal welfare harm associated with inappropriate practice, lack of accuracy, issues with repeatability, and operator fatigue.

Sistemas de cultivo e manejo de água na produção de diferentes genótipos de arroz em várzea, no estado de roraima

Abstract: This study had the objective of assessing test lines and rice cultivars, in relation to grain yield and other agronomic traits, under different cropping and irrigation management systems, in the Rio Branco lowlands, municipality of Canta, Roraima State, Brazil. A randomized complete block design was used, with four replications. Nineteen test lines and six cultivars were assessed. Significant differences for most of the evaluated traits were observed. The highest grain yield was obtained under a cropping system with continuous flooding irrigation and row sowing (8,684 kg ha -1 ) and the lowest ones were obtained under cropping systems with intermittent irrigation, independently of sowing method. The control cultivars IRGA 417, BRS Jacana, BRS Jaburu, and Roraima presented a good performance, under different cropping systems. The test lines BRA 051250, BRA 051126, CNA 10900, BRA 051135, and CNA 110114 are promising for future cultivar releases to the local production systems. KEY-WORDS: Oryza sativa ; genotype-environment interaction; grain yield.