Ministry of Agriculture

About: Ministry of Agriculture is a government organization based out in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Chemistry & Salmonella. The organization has 1153 authors who have published 1189 publications receiving 14442 citations.

Can Serum be a Match for Urine in the Regulatory Analysis of Boldenone in Cattle? A Systematic Comparison Between Detection Window, Stability, and Enzymatic Hydrolysis.

Abstract: This work involved a systematic comparison between serum and urine for the monitoring of anabolic androgenic steroids in livestock. Incurred samples were collected over 120 days from crossbred steers treated with intramuscular injections containing boldenone undecylenate. Independent high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) methods were used for the assessment of the respective detection windows, which were larger for serum samples. Both matrices presented adequate performance in terms of long-term stability, assessed using an isochronous approach during 196 days at -20 °C and for five freeze-thaw cycles. The effectiveness of the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction using Helix pomatia juice was also compared. The calculated concentrations in serum samples were not statistically influenced by the deconjugation reaction. On the other hand, urine hydrolysis conditions were studied using a 33 Box-Behnken Design, in which a central point condition led to a satisfactory deconjugation performance. It could be observed that serum exhibited equivalent or better performance than urine for most of the evaluated criteria; thus, its inclusion in the regulatory analysis of boldenone in cattle is supported.

Method of and apparatus for removing puncture-resistant tubes from tires

Abstract: An apparatus for removing puncture-resistant tubes from tires includes two symmetrical squeezing plates, a jack located between these two plates, in a plane parallel to the lengthwise direction thereof and a base plate disposed transversely with respect to the squeezing plates, which base plate furnishes support for the squeezing plates and for a tire which is to have its associated puncture-resistant tube removed. An accommodation for the tire whose tube is to be removed, is delimited by the aforesaid squeezing plates, jack and base plate. A method of removing puncture-resistant tubes involves subjecting a tire containing a puncture-resistant tube simultaneously to a lateral squeezing action on two diametrically opposite zones thereof in a given plane, and to a first thrusting action on a zone thereof in a plane, perpendicular to the given plane, and then to a thrusting action on a zone opposite to the zone which was subjected to the first thrusting action.

Detection of oxamide, guanidine, and guanidine derivatives in spot test analysis

Abstract: The dicyanogen split off from organic compounds can be detected by reaction with 8-hydroxyquinoline and alkali cyanide. Since oxamide yields dicyanogen on gentle warming with phosphorus pentoxide, and guanidine (guanidine salts) as well as melamine and guanamine produce dicyanogen on pyrolysis, specific or selective tests for these compounds have been based on this behavior.

INFLUENCE OF SWINE PLASMA AND WHOLE EGG IN RATIONS OF WEANED PIGLETS ON STRUCTURE AND ULTRA-STRUCTURE OF INTESTINAL MUCOUS DEVELOPMENT / Plasma suíno e ovo inteiro em rações de leitões desmamados sobre a estrutura e ultra-estrutura da mucosa intestinal.

Abstract: Avaliou-se a inclusao de leite em po, niveis crescentes de plasma suino, niveis crescentes de ovo inteiro e alto nivel de farelo de soja em dietas de leitoes desmamados aos 21 dias de idade sobre o desenvolvimento da estrutura e ultra-estrutura da mucosa intestinal. O plasma e o ovo substituiram, respectivamente, 25, 50 e 75 e 15, 30 e 45% a proteina bruta do leite em po. Aos 27 e 35 dias de idade os animais foram abatidos para coleta de amostras do intestino e posterior determinacao da altura de vilosidade, profundidade de cripta, relacao vilo:cripta e densidade de vilos. A utilizacao de ovo inteiro substituindo ate 45% a proteina bruta do leite em po possibilitou a manutencao do epitelio intestinal semelhante (P<0,05) ao leite em po. A utilizacao de alto nivel de farelo de soja proporcionou danos na estrutura e ultra-estrutura da mucosa intestinal, confirmando a necessidade de limitacao da inclusao de farelo de soja na racao de desmama. O plasma estimula o desenvolvimento da mucosa intestinal, independentemente do consumo de racao dos leitoes, indicando o potencial uso deste ingrediente em favorecer o aumento do epitelio intestinal e das areas de digestao e absorcao de nutrientes. SUMMARY The objective of the study was to evaluate the inclusion of skim powdered milk, inclusion of increasing levels of swine plasma and whole egg, as well as soybean meal in diets of piglets that were weaned at 21 days old influence the development of the structure and ultra-structure of intestinal mucous. Plasma and whole egg replaced , respectively, 25, 50 and 75 and 15, 30 and 45% crude protein of skim milk. At 27 and 35 days old, the animals were slaughtered and intestine samples were collected for further measurements of villus height, crypt depth, villus:crypt ratio and villus density. The whole egg added to the ration to replace up to 45% the crude protein of skim milk, maintained the intestinal mucous of the piglets. The use of ration with high level of soybean meal damaged the structure and ultra-structure of the intestinal mucous, thus showing the necessity of limiting the inclusion of soybean meal into the weaning ration. The use of plasma stimulates the development of the intestinal mucous, independently of feed intake, showing the potential of this ingredient to promote an increase of the intestinal epithelium and the nutrient digestion and absorption areas as well.