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Institution

Ministry of Agriculture

GovernmentRio de Janeiro, Brazil
About: Ministry of Agriculture is a government organization based out in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Chemistry & Salmonella. The organization has 1153 authors who have published 1189 publications receiving 14442 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results of this study showed that glanders in the region was emerging and further sero-epidemiological studies are urgent for the eradication of the disease.
Abstract: Based on clinical-pathological, epidemiological and serological aspects, as well as by the isolation of Burkholderia mallei, foci of glanders were diagnosed in equids of the "Zona da Mata" in the states of Pernambuco and Alagoas. Clinically there was hyperthermia, noisy respiration, loss of appetite, progressive loss of weight leading to emaciation, nasal congestion and muco-purulent discharge, erosions, ulcers and scars of the nasal mucosa. The size of submaxillary and cervical lymphonodes was increased, which contained abscesses and fistules exudating purulent material. In the skin, accompanying the lymph vessels, there were firm nodules and abscesses which in chronic cases fistulated and ulcerated leaving stellar scars. The histopathology of the nodules at various sites, from the horses as well as from the guinea-pigs used for the Strauss test, showed granulomatous lesions and pyogranulomas. The results of this study showed that glanders in the region was emerging and further sero-epidemiological studies are urgent for the eradication of the disease.

40 citations

Book ChapterDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated six low-input livestock systems of grassland management with varying degrees of arrangements in different European countries and landscapes, including reindeer husbandry in Northern Sapmi (Fennoscandia), cattle grazing in the Polish Tatra mountains, cattle, sheep, and pig grazing in Southern Portugal, and sedentary sheep grazing in Central Spain.
Abstract: European biodiversity significantly depends on large‐scale livestock systems with low input levels. In most countries forms of grazing are organized in permanent or seasonal cooperations (land‐owner/land‐user agents) and covers different landscape such as alpine areas, forest, grasslands, mires, and even arable land. Today, the existence of these structures is threatened due to changes in agricultural land use practices and erratic governmental policies. The present chapter investigates six low‐input livestock systems of grassland management with varying degrees of arrangements in different European countries and landscapes. These large‐scale grazing systems (LSGS) are reindeer husbandry in Northern Sapmi (Fennoscandia), sheep grazing in the Polish Tatra mountains, cattle grazing in the Swiss and German Alps, cattle, sheep, and pig grazing in Baixo Alentejo, Southern Portugal, and sedentary sheep grazing in Central Spain. These systems showed very heterogeneous organizational patterns in their way of exploiting the pastoral resources. At the same time, these LSGS showed at least some of the following weaknesses such as poor economic performance, social fragility, and structural shortcomings for proper grazing management. Lack of proper mobility of herds/flocks or accession to specific grazing grounds can be a cause of environmental hazards. The surveyed LSGS are mostly dependent on public handouts for survival, but successive policy schemes have only showed mixed effects and, in particular study areas, clear inconsistencies in their aim to stop the general declining trend of LSGS. This research assumed that detailed system research may open the way for better‐focused policy intervention, but policymakers need to take advantage of this period of support to push ahead for reforms. Recent European Union (EU) guidelines (2007–2013) on Rural Development Policy (RDP) and its operative scale of high nature value (HNV) farmland can easily fit the structure and functions of low‐input grazing systems and LSGS.

39 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Eucalyptus gall wasp Ophelimus maskelli and its parasitoid Closterocerus chamaeleon were observed for the first time in Portugal, in 2006 and 2007, respectively.
Abstract: The Eucalyptus gall wasp Ophelimus maskelli (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) and its parasitoid Closterocerus chamaeleon (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) were observed for the first time in Portugal, in 2006 and 2007, respectively Data on the distribution of O maskelli in Portugal, differences in the susceptibility of two host species, Eucalyptus globulus and Eucalyptus camaldulensis, and parasitism by C chamaeleon are given

39 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an estudo for caracterizar a situacao epidemiologica da brucelose bovina no Distrito Federal (DF) was conducted.
Abstract: Realizou-se um estudo para caracterizar a situacao epidemiologica da brucelose bovina no Distrito Federal (DF). No total foram amostrados 2.019 animais, provenientes de 278 propriedades. Em cada propriedade visitada aplicou-se um questionario epidemiologico para verificar o tipo de exploracao e as praticas de criacao e sanitarias que poderiam estar associadas ao risco de infeccao pela doenca. O protocolo utilizado foi o da triagem com o teste do antigeno acidificado tamponado e a confirmacao dos positivos com o teste do 2-mercaptoetanol. O rebanho foi considerado positivo quando pelo menos um animal foi reagente as duas provas sorologicas. A prevalencia no DF foi de 2,5% [1,0-5,1%] para propriedades e de 0,16% [0,04-0,28%] para animais. Em razao dos resultados encontrados, que permitem pensar em estrategias de erradicacao, recomenda-se que o DF intensifique o diagnostico de brucelose, tanto na forma de testes sorologicos sistematicos como pela introducao de mecanismos de deteccao rapida em laticinios, em ambos os casos a fim de aumentar o numero de propriedades certificadas como livres da doenca e melhorar a sensibilidade do sistema de vigilância ativa.

39 citations

DissertationDOI
TL;DR: Em cada propriedade amostrada foi aplicado um questionario epidemiologico para verificar suas caracteristicas e tambem para detectar transtornos reprodutivos que poderiam estar associados a infeccao brucelica.
Abstract: Realizou-se um estudo para caracterizar a situacao epidemiologica da brucelose bovina no Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul Foram definidos tres estratos (regioes): Pantanal-corte, Planalto-corte e Planalto-leite, este ultimo subdividido em Bolsao, Campo Grande e Dourados Em cada estrato foram amostradas aleatoriamente propriedades e, dentro dessas, foi escolhido, de forma aleatoria, um numero pre-estabelecido de animais, dos quais foi obtida uma amostra de sangue No total, foram amostrados 14849 animais, provenientes de 1004 propriedades Em cada propriedade amostrada foi aplicado um questionario epidemiologico para verificar suas caracteristicas e tambem para detectar transtornos reprodutivos que poderiam estar associados a infeccao brucelica O teste utilizado foi o do antigeno acidificado tamponado O rebanho foi considerado positivo se pelo menos um animal foi reagente a prova sorologica Para o Estado, a prevalencia de focos foi de 41,5% [36,5-44,7%] As prevalencias de focos e de animais infectados por estrato foram, respectivamente, de: 59,0% [52,8-64,9%] e 12,6% [9,1-17,2%] para o estrato Pantanal-corte, e 40,6% [35,8-45,5%] e 4,5% [2,1-9,0%] para Planalto-corte No estrato Planalto-leite, a prevalencia de focos foi de 33,1% [28,4-38,1%] Os fatores de risco (odds ratios, OR) associados a condicao de foco foram: ter ≥500 vacas (OR = 2,46 [1,81-3,34]), ocorrencia de bezerros fracos (OR = 1,20 [0,87-1,65]) e uso da inseminacao artificial (OR = 0,71 [0,50-1,01])

39 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
20238
202253
202157
202063
201951
201874