Ministry of Agriculture

About: Ministry of Agriculture is a government organization based out in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Chemistry & Salmonella. The organization has 1153 authors who have published 1189 publications receiving 14442 citations.

Situação epidemiológica da brucelose bovina no Estado do Rio de Janeiro

Abstract: A study to characterize the epidemiological status of bovine brucellosis in the State of Rio de Janeiro was carried out. The State was divided in three regions. Three hundred herds were randomly sampled in each region and a pre-established number of animals were sampled in each herd. A total of 8,239 serum samples from 945 herds were collected. In each herd, it was applied an epidemiological questionnaire focused on herd traits as well as husbandry and sanitary practices that could be associated with the risk of infection. The serum samples were screened for antibodies against Brucella spp. by the Rose-Bengal Test (RBT), and all positive sera were re-tested by the 2-mercaptoethanol test (2-ME). The herd was considered positive if at least one animal was positive on both RBT and 2-ME tests. The prevalences of infected herds and animals in the State were, respectively: 15.4% [12.9-17.9%] and 4.1% [2.8-5.3%]. The prevalences of infected herds and animals in the regions were, respectively: region 1, 13.8% [10.2-18.2%] and 3.0% [1.9-4.1%]; region 2, 15.7% [11.9-20.2%] and 2.3% [1.4-3.2%]; and region 3, 19.6% [15.4-24.4%] and 9.3% [4.5-14.1%]. The risk factors (odds ratio, OR) associated with the presence of the infection were: herd size larger than 30 cows (OR=2.33 [1.51-3.07]), purchase of animals for breeding (OR= 1.95 [1.13-2.45), and pasture rental practice (R= 1.74 [1.03-2.74]).

Avaliação do feno de Arachis pintoi utilizando o ensaio de digestibilidade in vivo

Abstract: Utilizaram-se seis ovinos, sem raca definida, para avaliar o consumo e as digestibilidades aparentes totais da materia seca (MS), materia orgânica (MO), proteina bruta (PB), extrato etereo (EE), carboidratos totais (CHO), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), carboidratos nao fibrosos (CNF), fibra em detergente acido (FDA), celulose (CEL), hemicelulose (HCEL) e energia do feno de Arachis pintoi. Tambem foi determinado o balanco de nitrogenio. Os animais foram colocados em gaiolas metabolicas e receberam apenas o feno de A. pintoi mais sal mineral como componentes da dieta. O Arachis pintoi foi colhido com aproximadamente 100 dias. O fornecimento do feno foi ad libitum, sendo a quantidade calculada para permitir sobras de 20%. O experimento teve 20 dias de duracao, sendo 15 dias de adaptacao e cinco dias para coletas de amostras do feno, sobras, fezes e urina. Foi utilizado o oxido cromico, em duas doses diarias de 1 g cada, como indicador externo para estimar a producao fecal. Os consumos de MS e MO do A. pintoi foram 90,17 e 85,67 g/kg0,75, respectivamente. Os teores de PB, nutrientes digestiveis totais (NDT) e energia metabolizavel (EM) foram, respectivamente, 14,3%, 66,4% e 2,0 Mcal/kg MS. O balanco de nitrogenio (N) foi de 12,1 g/dia e representou 40,2% de todo N consumido. As digestibilidades aparentes totais da MS, MO, PB, EE, CHO, FDN, CNF, FDA, CEL, HCEL e energia foram 64,4, 68,4, 70,0, 63,4, 68,2, 53,6, 93,3, 47,2, 62,8, 66,8 e 63,7%, respectivamente. O feno de Arachis pintoi apresentou consumo e digestibilidades dos nutrientes elevados para uma forrageira, permitindo assim fornecer nutrientes em quantidades suficientes para ganhos de peso satisfatorios, o que da maior suporte para o uso dessa leguminosa na alimentacao de ruminantes.

Soroprevalência de anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii em bovinos e funcionários de matadouros da microrregião de Pato Branco, Paraná, Brasil

Abstract: In order to determine the role of bovine meat in the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis, 348 serum samples were collected from cattle and 64 serum samples from slaughterhouse workers at four plants in the region of Pato Branco, Parana state, southern Brazil. Cattle sera were examined by the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT), showing an IgG-seropositivity of 41.4%. The most frequently titer found was 64 (92.4%). Maximum titer found was 1024. There was no significant difference concerning sex, age and origin of positive sera. Human sera were tested by the IFAT and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), showing 67.2% and 84.4% of IgG-seropositivity, respectively. No significant difference was observed between prevalences and age, sex, duration of employment at slaughterhouse, contact with cats and eating raw or undercooked meat. Results suggest that bovine meat may be a possible source of toxoplasmosis in the region.

Determination of pharmaceutical compounds in hospital wastewater and their elimination by advanced oxidation processes.

Abstract: This study investigates the mineralization efficiency, i.e. removal of total organic carbon (TOC) in hospital wastewater by direct ozonation, ozonation with UV radiation (O3/UV), homogeneous cataly...