Ministry of Agriculture

About: Ministry of Agriculture is a government organization based out in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Chemistry & Salmonella. The organization has 1153 authors who have published 1189 publications receiving 14442 citations.

Composição química da solução de solo sob diferentes coberturas vegetais e análise de carbono orgânico solúvel no deflúvio de pequenos cursos de água

Abstract: O cultivo intensivo pode alterar a composicao quimica da solucao do solo, favorecendo a perda de solutos. Dessa forma, poderia mudar a composicao quimica dos cursos de agua. Foi realizado um estudo na fazenda da EPAMIG em Oratorios, Minas Gerais, de junho de 1996 a maio de 1997, para avaliar o efeito do manejo do solo na composicao quimica da solucao do solo, considerando as condicoes climaticas. O carbono orgânico soluvel tambem foi determinado na solucao do solo e no defluvio de pequenos cursos de agua. Foram realizadas extracoes mensais da solucao do solo sob diferentes coberturas vegetais, nas camadas de 0-20, 20-40 e 40-100 cm de profundidade. A extracao da solucao do solo foi feita por centrifugacao, a uma forca centrifuga relativa correspondente a 900 g. Em acrescimo, foram feitas coletas semanais de defluvio de quatro pequenos cursos de agua com uso variado de suas respectivas areas de drenagem. Foi observada uma ligeira elevacao na concentracao de ions em solucao com o inicio do periodo chuvoso, sendo esse fato mais acentuado para o carbono orgânico soluvel na solucao do solo e no defluvio. A adubacao mineral promoveu o deslocamento de ions trocaveis, em profundidade. A lixiviacao foi favorecida, principalmente, no solo sem cobertura vegetal. A movimentacao de carbono orgânico soluvel foi maior no solo sob pastagem, apesar do menor teor na solucao do solo, em comparacao aos outros solos. No curso de agua drenado em area de pastagem, tambem foi encontrada a maior concentracao de carbono orgânico soluvel.

Aflatoxins and ochratoxin A: occurrence and contamination levels in cocoa beans from Brazil.

Abstract: In the present study, the occurrence of aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxin A (OTA) was evaluated in 123 samples of cocoa beans produced in five Brazilian states. The presence of these mycotoxins was d...

Impactos do surto de febre aftosa de 2005 sobre as exportações de carne bovina brasileira

Abstract: Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) can lead to sanitary barriers to international trade and involves highinvestments for control and great losses in the event of an outbreak. This study investigated the impactscaused by FMD on the exports of fresh beef from Brazil after the 2005 outbreak and the observanceof the regionalization principle of the Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and PhytosanitaryMeasures (SPS) by countries member of the WTO that were listed as the top 10 beef importingcountries in 2004. The FMD outbreak that began in 2005 did not limit the increase in exports of freshbeef from Brazil, but impacted negatively on exports from Mato Grosso do Sul and Parana States.The disease did not impact exports to the United States, Japan or Mexico, since these markets were closed to Brazil. Saudi Arabia, Russia and Iran were not members of the WTO in October 2005 andtherefore had no obligation to respect the principle of regionalization, though Russia respected it.Among the other major importers of 2004, the Netherlands, Egypt, Italy, United Kingdom, France,Germany and Spain respected the principle of regionalization of the SPS Agreement. Chile did notrespect the principle and the occurrence of the disease closed the market to Brazilian fresh beef. Keywords: Disease; diplomacy; international trade; sanitary barrier; SPS agreement.

Discrimination of sparkling wines samples according to the country of origin by ICP-OES coupled with multivariate analysis

Abstract: In this paper, we use inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) to analyze 12 elements (Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na and Sr) from 111 sparkling wine samples belonging to four countries (41 Brazilian, 42 Argentinean, 11 Spanish and 17 French). Element content was assessed through Linear Discriminant Analysis, Principal Component Analysis and Logistic Regression to determine the elements that better differentiate the samples according to their country of origin. B, K and Na provided 94% accurate classifications when samples from the four countries were categorized. Ca, K and Na perfectly stratified South American sparkling wines from the European ones. Brazilian and Argentinean samples were completely discriminated using a single element (Mn), whereas the B/K ratio provided a remarkable separation between Spanish and French samples. The identification of reduced subsets of elements contributes to prevent fraudulent practices in the sparkling wine industry.