Mitsubishi Electric

About: Mitsubishi Electric is a company organization based out in Ratingen, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Signal & Voltage. The organization has 23024 authors who have published 27591 publications receiving 255671 citations. The organization is also known as: Mitsubishi Electric Corporation & Mitsubishi Denki K.K..

Sub-hundred nanometre pitch measurements using an AFM with differential laser interferometers for designing usable lateral scales

Abstract: We have developed a new atomic force microscope with differential laser interferometers (DLI-AFM), carried out test measurements of the prototype 1D-grating standards with pitches of 100, 80, 60 and 50 nm using the DLI-AFM and evaluated the uncertainty in the pitch measurements. In the procedures of the pitch calculation, two types of definitions of the peak positions, 'the centre of gravity method', and 'the zero-crossing method', were compared. The zero-crossing method was adopted in this study since the standard deviation of pitches by the zero-crossing method was smaller than that by the centre of gravity method. The expanded uncertainty (k = 2) was approximately 0.20 nm and was only 0.4% for the nominal pitch of 50 nm. We propose a design of usable 1D-grating standards as certified reference materials.

Flow rate measuring apparatus

Abstract: A flow rate measuring apparatus includes: a flow rate detecting device placed in an intake passage; a detection circuit for outputting an analog signal varying depending on the flow rate; a conversion circuit for converting the analog signal to a digital signal; a temperature detecting device for detecting an ambient temperature; and a correction circuit for primarily correcting the digital signal using a gain and/or an offset (correction coefficient) that can set the temperature coefficient in any appropriate way. The gain and/or the offset vary depending on the temperature coefficient set in any appropriate way and the ambient temperature detected by the temperature detecting device. Also, a plurality of the gains and/or the offsets are set depending on the flow rate, allowing the temperature characteristic error in flow rate measurement to be reduced.

Control apparatus for an internal combustion engine

Abstract: A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes: an abnormal combustion detection unit for detecting an abnormal combustion due to self-ignition occurring; a pre-ignition determination unit for detecting abnormal combustion occurrence timing based on abnormal combustion detection information to determine whether or not the abnormal combustion is the pre-ignition based on comparison between pre-ignition determination timing and the abnormal combustion occurrence timing; a heat-source pre-ignition determination unit for determining whether the pre-ignition is the heat-source pre-ignition or the compression pre-ignition based on comparison between the abnormal combustion occurrence timing set by the pre-ignition determination timing and heat-source pre-ignition determination timing; a first avoidance unit for avoiding the heat-source pre-ignition in a case where the pre-ignition is determined as the heat-source pre-ignition; and a second avoidance unit for avoiding the compression pre-ignition in a case where the pre-ignition is determined as the compression pre-ignition.

Modulational Instability and Envelope-Solitons for Nonlinear Alfven Waves Propagating along the Magnetic Field in Plasmas

Abstract: The modulational instability and envelope-solitons are analyzed for the Alfven waves propagating along the static magnetic field in cold collisionless plasmas, using the modified nonlinear Schrodinger equation previously derived by the authors. The modulational instability occurs in the left-hand circularly polarized Alfven wave (left Alfven wave) for a small amplitude but does not for an amplitude larger than the critical value. On the other hand, the instability never occurs in the right-hand circularly polarized Alfven wave (right Alfven wave). When the modulational instability does not occur, the rarefactive and compressive envelope-solitons exist in the left Alfven wave and the two types of the rarefactive envelope-solitons exist in the right Alfven wave.