scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question

Showing papers by "Mobil published in 1980"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Chang and Silvestri as discussed by the authors showed that methanol and/or its ether reacted on the phosphorus-modified ZSM-5 zeolite to yield ethylene as the primary products, probably via a methyl ethyl ether intermediate, followed by alkylation of the ethylene with methanoline or its ether to give an olefin with one additional carbon atom.

333 citations


Patent
15 May 1980
TL;DR: In this paper, a process for catalytically converting certain anabolites to liquid hydrocarbons useful for the manufacture of fuels such as gasoline and chemicals such as para-xylene was proposed.
Abstract: Living plants and animals synthesize and often accumulate a wide variety of organic materials having a molecular weight greater than 150. These include different chemical types such as natural hydrocarbons including rubbery substances, natural resins, and natural glycerides such as oils and fats. These substances, formed in the anabolic process, are collectively called "anabolites". This invention provides a process for catalytically converting certain anabolites to liquid hydrocarbons useful for the manufacture of fuels such as gasoline and chemicals such as para-xylene. Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites having an effective pore size of greater than about 5 Angstrom units are useful catalysts.

133 citations


Patent
29 May 1980
TL;DR: In this paper, a gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen is contacted in a first reactor with an iron Fischer-Tropsch catalyst such as potassium promoted iron under special conditions and the total products from said contact are then converted in a second reactor containing HZSM-5 to obtain either a highly olefinic or highly aromatic product depending on reaction conditions.
Abstract: A gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen is contacted in a first reactor with an iron Fischer-Tropsch catalyst such as potassium promoted iron under special conditions and the total products from said contact are then converted in a second reactor containing HZSM-5 to obtain either a highly olefinic or highly aromatic product depending on reaction conditions.

109 citations


Patent
28 Nov 1980
TL;DR: In this article, a deviated borehole is drilled with a rotary drilling technique in which the drill string is vibrated at a suitable frequency and amplitude to reduce the friction of drill string against the lower side of the borehole and to promote the free movement of the string therein.
Abstract: A deviated borehole is drilled with a rotary drilling technique in which the drill string is vibrated at a suitable frequency and amplitude to reduce the friction of the drill string against the lower side of the borehole and to promote the free movement of the drill string therein.

107 citations


Patent
30 Dec 1980
TL;DR: In this article, a novel sand control method is disclosed wherein high viscosity, high sand concentration, fracturing fluids are pumped through sets of vertically oriented perforations in borehole casings located in unconsolidated or loosely consolidated pay zones.
Abstract: A novel sand control method is disclosed wherein high viscosity, high sand concentration, fracturing fluids are pumped through sets of vertically oriented perforations in borehole casings located in unconsolidated or loosely consolidated pay zones. Various techniques are utilized to insure that sand fills disposed on either side of the borehole casing cover and substantially overlap each borehole casing perforation set. Procedures are then followed to bring the well into production without washing out the sand fills in these areas, whereby the resulting perforation-sand fill configurations effectively control sand production from the treated zone.

101 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
D.E Woessner1
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the deuteron T 1 as a function of water layer thickness for a carefully prepared series of hectorite-D 2 O samples and found that at room temperature, the surface effect on the rotational properties of water molecules is negligible.

94 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The experimental and mathematical development of Mobil's kinetic reforming model is presented in this paper, which is currently used extensively throughout Mobil for commercial reformer monitoring, research guidance, new process designs, planning, and optimization.

93 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Feb 1980-Geology
TL;DR: The origin of collapse structures and breccias that vertically penetrate or occur within impermeable evaporites has not really been understood as discussed by the authors, but the potential for dissolution by brine flow is an inherent property of partly exhumed evaporites and may constitute a risk factor in the storage of radioactive waste in evaporite deposits.
Abstract: The origin of collapse structures and breccias that vertically penetrate or occur within impermeable evaporites has never really been understood. The density of the brine that develops as salt deposits are dissolved can generate continuous gravitational brine movement. If the source of the dissolving water is artesian, or continuous, a flow cycle is developed in which the salt itself supplies the density gradient that becomes the vehicle of its own dissolution. The Delaware Basin in western Texas and southeastern New Mexico provides a particularly good example of how brine density flow can produce dissolution chambers that collapse to form breccias. The potential for dissolution by brine flow is an inherent property of partly exhumed evaporites and may constitute a risk factor in the storage of radioactive waste in evaporite deposits.

86 citations


Patent
Robert G. Zachariadis1
31 Dec 1980
TL;DR: In this article, a marine cable positioning system consisting of a plurality of magnetic compasses and lateral positioning devices spaced at known intervals along the cable being towed by a marine vessel is described.
Abstract: A marine cable positioning system which includes a plurality of magnetic compasses and a plurality of lateral positioning devices spaced at known intervals along the cable being towed by a marine vessel Readings from the compasses together with readings from a magnetic compass and gyrocompass onboard the towing vessel are gathered and used with a selected reference heading to generate X-Y coordinates of the lateral positioning devices with respect to the towing vessel and selected reference heading These coordinates are recorded and provided to a cathode ray tube for visual display of the relative position of each lateral positioning device with respect to the vessel and selected heading Coded digital commands are generated and transmitted to each lateral positioning device for adjustment of its control surfaces whereby the lateral thrust produced the device as it is towed through the water is varied and the horizontal position of the portion of the cable to either side of the device controlled Feedback of changes in the cable's location are provided by updated compass readings and visual displays Each lateral positioning device responds to a command for a specific adjustment of its control surfaces or for the return of the control surfaces to a neutral orientation where lateral thrust is not produced

86 citations


Patent
Lewis B. Young1
08 Oct 1980
TL;DR: In this article, a method for decreasing catalyst coking and extending the usable catalyst life by pre-treatment of the catalyst with steam and/or a phosphorus-containing compound was proposed.
Abstract: There is disclosed a method for decreasing catalyst coking and extending the usable catalyst life by pre-treatment of the catalyst with steam and/or a phosphorus-containing compound. Catalysts benefiting from such pre-treatment comprise crystalline zeolites characterized by a silica to alumina mole ratio of at least 12 and a constraint index, as herein defined, within the approximate range of 1 to 12.

83 citations


Patent
24 Apr 1980
TL;DR: In this paper, an improved process for catalytically dewaxing a hydrocarbon oil is disclosed, in which the waxy oil is contacted in the presence of hydrogen with a dense zeolitic dew-axing catalyst associated with a nickel-tungsten hydrogenation component.
Abstract: An improved process for catalytically dewaxing a hydrocarbon oil is disclosed. In this process the waxy oil is contacted in the presence of hydrogen with a dense zeolitic dewaxing catalyst associated with a nickel-tungsten hydrogenation component. The dewaxed oil has unexpectedly good stability and a low bromine number compared with prior-art processed oils. The process may be used to dewax crude oils, fuel oil fractions and lubricating oils.

Patent
18 Jul 1980
TL;DR: In this article, a process for increasing gasoline octane number and/or total gasoline yield in catalytic cracking units by the addition of a very small amount of finely divided shape selective additive promoter is provided.
Abstract: A process is provided for increasing gasoline octane number and/or total gasoline yield in catalytic cracking units by the addition of a very small amount of finely divided shape selective additive promoter, which additive promoter is not intimately combined with a substantial amount of another solid prior to contact with the cracking catalyst. The additive promoter, in one embodiment, is a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite having a silica to alumina mole ratio greater than about 12 and a constraint index within the approximate range of 1 to 12.

Patent
24 Apr 1980
TL;DR: In this paper, a process for the treatment of highly olefinic gasoline containing at least about 50% by weight of olefins by contacting said ole finic gasoline with a special group of acidic crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites, such as those of the ZSM-5 type in order to enhance the gum stability of said gasoline and produce products comprising both gasoline and fuel oil.
Abstract: A process is disclosed for the treatment of highly olefinic gasoline containing at least about 50% by weight of olefins by contacting said olefinic gasoline with a special group of acidic crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites, such as those of the ZSM-5 type in order to enhance the gum stability of said gasoline and produce products comprising both gasoline and fuel oil.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a linear perturbation analysis of the dynamic crystal growth equation is carried out to derive the necessary and sufficient conditions for crystal shape stability in meniscus-controlled growth processes.

Patent
10 Nov 1980
TL;DR: In this article, a continuous foam production system is described, where a molten thermoplastic resin is mixed with volatile blowing agent at elevated pressure to form an extrusion mass, and a helical screw extruder is adapted to extrude the molten resin with liquid blowing agent into a low pressure foaming zone to form a foam sheet, tube or other shape.
Abstract: A continuous foam production system is disclosed wherein a molten thermoplastic resin is mixed with volatile blowing agent at elevated pressure to form an extrusion mass. A helical screw extruder means is adapted to extrude the molten resin with volatile blowing agent into a low pressure foaming zone to form a foam sheet, tube or other shape. An improved fluid handling system includes storage means for holding at least one of a plurality of disparate volatile liquids under pressure sufficient to maintain a normally gaseous blowing agent in liquified state and cooling means for receiving a pressurized first stream of liquified thermally-gaseous blowing agent and cooling below its autogenous temperature. A pump operatively connected between the cooling means and extruder means increases pressure of the first stream higher than the elevated pressure of the extruder, where it may be combined with a pressurized stream of second liquid blowing agent. Flow control means is provided for injecting a predetermined amount of disparate liquid blowing agents from the first and second streams into the extruder means at elevated pressure to form an extrusion mass.

Patent
Milton L. Weiner1
03 Nov 1980
TL;DR: In this paper, heat sealable films are described comprising a substrate layer of polypropylene homopolymers or copolymers, or blends thereof with compatible polyolefins, and at least one heat-sealable surface layer of a blend of a copolymer of ethylene and a higher olefin.
Abstract: Multiple layer, heat sealable films are described comprising a substrate layer of polypropylene homopolymers or copolymers, or blends thereof with compatible polyolefins, and at least one heat sealable surface layer of a blend of a copolymer of ethylene and a higher olefin, and a copolymer of propylene and a higher olefin. The films are prepared by extrusion coating or coextrusion and can be oriented.

Patent
03 Mar 1980
TL;DR: In this paper, a layer of low density polyethylene bonded to a dissimilar polymer blend consisting of high-density polyethylenes and polyethylen copolymers is described.
Abstract: Laminar thermoplastic film constructions comprising a layer of low density polyethylene bonded to a layer of a dissimilar polymer blend comprising high density polyethylene and polyethylene copolymers. In particular such copolymers comprise polyethylene copolymerized with another alpha olefin containing from about 3 up to about 15 carbon atoms. Such copolymers are also characterized by being linear, low density polymers having densities which are below about 0.94 grams/cc.

Patent
Thomas B. Dellinger1
28 Nov 1980
TL;DR: In this paper, the lower end of the pipe is plugged and the lower portion of pipe string is filled with fluids (e.g., compressed gases, petroleum products, water, etc.) which have a lower density than that of the borehole fluid.
Abstract: A method of pushing pipe (e.g., casing) into a highly deviated borehole. The lower end of the pipe is plugged and the lower portion of the pipe string is filled with fluids (e.g., compressed gases, petroleum products, water, etc.) which have a lower density than that of the borehole fluid. This creates a buoyancy effect for the pipe in the deviated portion of the borehole which aids in keeping the pipe from contacting the lower side of the deviated hole. The pipe can be plugged or capped above the lightened section and filled with heavier fluid to aid in forcing the pipe downward into position. The plugs and caps are then removed, e.g., drilled out, when the pipe is ready for use. The fluids are thereby released into the mud slurry.

Patent
02 Apr 1980
TL;DR: In this article, syngas and dimethyl ether are fired in turbine-compressor arrangements driving electric generators, where the storable ether fuel is fired in a turbine-generator arrangement to supplement that normally produced by firing and expanding synggas in appropriate turbine-Generator arrangements.
Abstract: Fuel for satisfying low, normal and high electric power generation requirements is obtained from coal in the form of syngas and dimethyl ether fired in turbine-compressor arrangements driving electric generators, wherein the storable ether fuel is fired in turbine-generator arrangements to supplement that normally produced by firing and expanding syngas in appropriate turbine-generator arrangements. High pressure steam generated in the process is expanded in steam turbines to also generate power. Steam product of the combination operation is used in the coal gasification step to produce additional syngas.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a special type of Markov chain is used to model acoustic impedance, which is constrained to have a purely exponential correlation function, and the stochastic model is parsimoniously described by M parameters, where M is the number of states or rocks composing an impedance well log.
Abstract: Acoustic impedance is modeled as a special type of Markov chain, one which is constrained to have a purely exponential correlation function. The stochastic model is parsimoniously described by M parameters, where M is the number of states or rocks composing an impedance well log. The probability mass function of the states provides M-1 parameters, and the “blockiness” of the log determines the remaining degree of freedom. Synthetic impedance and reflectivity logs constructed using the Markov model mimic the blockiness of the original logs. Both synthetic impedance and reflectivity are shown to be Bussgang, i.e., if the sequence is input into an instantaneous nonlinear device, then the correlation of input and output is proportional to the autocorrelation of the input. The final part of the paper uses the stochastic model in formulating an algorithm that transforms a deconvolved seismogram into acoustic impedance. The resulting function is blocky and free of random walks or sags. Low‐frequency information,...

Patent
12 Jun 1980
TL;DR: In this paper, a low-pour lubricating oils of good stability are manufactured by passing a suitable hydrocarbon feed and hydrogen sequentially through a hydrocracking zone, a catalytic dewaxing zone, and a hydrotreating zone, all at high pressure and in that order, with purification of the hydrogen gas prior to passage to the dewaxy zone.
Abstract: Hydrocracked, low pour lubricating oils of good stability are manufactured by passing a suitable hydrocarbon feed and hydrogen sequentially through a hydrocracking zone, a catalytic dewaxing zone, and a hydrotreating zone, all at high pressure and in that order, with purification of the hydrogen gas prior to passage to the dewaxing zone. By maintaining all zones at high pressure, the efficiency of the process is augmented.

Patent
Ruehle William Harold1
29 Dec 1980
TL;DR: In this article, multiple reflections are filtered from seismograms by transforming them into an f-k array representing amplitude as a function of frequency and wave number, and the inverse of the transform of the multiple reflections is generated.
Abstract: Multiple reflections are filtered from seismograms by transforming them into an f-k array representing amplitude as a function of frequency and wave number The inverse of the f-k transform of the multiple reflections is generated The f-k array of the seismograms is filtered by weighting all samples with the inverse of the f-k transform of the multiple reflections

Patent
Bruce P. Pelrine1, Chen Nai Yuen1
26 Feb 1980
TL;DR: In this paper, a catalyst comprising a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite possessing particularly characterized pore openings was used to dewax a waxy hydrocarbon oil.
Abstract: Waxy hydrocarbon oils, e.g., of petroleum origin, boiling within the approximate range of 450° to 1050° F. are catalytically dewaxed utilizing a catalyst comprising a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite possessing particularly characterized pore openings, such as, for example, ZSM-23 or ZSM-35, which may be associated with a hydrogenation metal.

Patent
Ranjit Mazumdar1
18 Nov 1980
TL;DR: In this paper, it has been found that blended polyolefin resins containing linear low density polyethylene copolymers (LLDPE) are advantageous in the manufacturing of thermoplastic films and bags.
Abstract: According to the present invention, it has been found that blended polyolefin resins containing linear low density polyethylene copolymers (LLDPE) are advantageous in the manufacturing of thermoplastic films and bags. The blended polyolefin resins are particularly well suited for making seamless-wall handled strap bags from thin tubular film consisting essentially of a homogeneous blend of HDPE, LLDPE, and ordinary branched LDPE. Superior physical properties of blown film from this blend permits the fabrication of economical carrying bags from thinner film, resulting in substantial material savings.

Patent
Costandi A. Audeh1, Tsoung Y. Yan1
09 Jun 1980
TL;DR: In this paper, an asphalt containing petroleum oil is deasphalted and extracted by contacting the oil with a solvent maintained at its critical temperature and pressure, and extraction of the valuable hydrocarbon oils present in the asphaltic feedstock is effected by way of vapor-liquid phase separation, which serves to decompose the metal complexes in the feedstock, thus reducing the metal content of the extracted hydrocarbon oil.
Abstract: An asphalt containing petroleum oil is deasphalted and extracted by contacting the oil with a solvent maintained at its critical temperature and pressure. With the solvent at its critical temperature and pressure, extraction of the valuable hydrocarbon oils present in the asphaltic feedstock is effected by way of vapor-liquid phase separation which serves to decompose the metal complexes present in the feedstock, thus reducing the metal content of the extracted hydrocarbon oil. Examples of solvents employed in the process of the invention include C4 -C10 cuts of typical refinery streams, benzene, toluene, ethylene glycols and the like. In one process embodiment, promoters or catalyst are employed to further reduce the metal content of the extracted hydrocarbon oil.

Patent
All Frank Edward1, Gary L. Duncan1
06 Jun 1980
TL;DR: In this paper, an oriented polypropylene film substrate and a method of manufacturing an oriented Polypropylene (OPP) film having enhanced adhesion to metallized coatings which comprises the steps of coextruding the film substrate having a homopolymer polypropylon core layer, and an ethylene propylene outer layer on at least one side of the core layer.
Abstract: An oriented polypropylene film substrate and method of manufacturing an oriented polypropylene film having enhanced adhesion to metallized coatings which comprises the steps of coextruding the film substrate having a homopolymer polypropylene core layer, and an ethylene propylene outer layer on at least one side of the core layer, the core and outer layers containing no slip agent. The film substrate is biaxially oriented, and the outer layer is corona treated. A metal coating is then deposited on the corona treated outer layer.

Patent
Milton L. Weiner1
03 Nov 1980
TL;DR: In this paper, a multiple-layer heat-sealable polypropylene homopolymer or copolymer, or blends thereof with compatible polyolefins, is described.
Abstract: Multiple-layer, heat-sealable films are described comprising a substrate layer of polypropylene homopolymer or copolymer, or blends thereof with compatible polyolefins; and at least one heat-sealable surface layer of a blend poly(1-butene), and a copolymer of ethylene or propylene and a higher olefin. The films are prepared by extrusion coating or coextrusion and can be oriented.

Journal ArticleDOI
J.P. Kalejs1, B. H. Mackintosh1, T. Surek1
TL;DR: In this article, a system for high speed EFG of silicon ribbon is described which is capable of growing ribbon up to 7.5 cm in width and 7. 5 cm/min in speed.

Patent
31 Jul 1980
TL;DR: In this article, potential crosslink density (as defined), glass transition temperature and the relative presence or absence of specific adhesion-promoting functional groups are controlled to arrive at a coating composition having the desired degree of adhesion to the substrate to be coated and the carrying web which is to transfer the coating composition to that substrate.
Abstract: Radiation curable coating vehicles, suitable for transfer coating application and strippable from a variety of carrying webs, can be produced by proper selection of coating ingredients and cured either by actinic radiation or electron beams. Potential crosslink density (as herein defined), glass transition temperature and the relative presence or absence of specific adhesion-promoting functional groups are controlled to arrive at a coating composition having the desired degree of adhesion to the substrate to be coated and the carrying web which is to transfer the coating composition to that substrate.

Patent
Joseph U Messenger1
01 Dec 1980
TL;DR: In this paper, an arrangement for drilling deviated wellbores, such as in extended reach drilling, which is particularly designed to reduce the chance of pressure differential sticking of the drill string by removing the drilling cuttings from the wellbore bottom by reverse circulation of the drilling fluid using a pump powered by the cones of the rotary bit.
Abstract: An arrangement for drilling deviated wellbores, such as in extended reach drilling, which is particularly designed to reduce the chance of pressure-differential sticking of the drill string by removing the drilling cuttings from the wellbore bottom by reverse circulation of the drilling fluid using a pump powered by the cones of the rotary bit. The drill string is turned by a rotary, and as the drill string turns, the cones turn as they are rolled on the bottom of the hole. A power drive is taken off the bit cones, and powers a pump which pumps mud from the annulus, around and through the bit, and up the drill pipe. In this way, troublesome cuttings are kept out of the annulus, and the cuttings are more effectively removed by pumping up and out the drill pipe.