Showing papers by "Monash University published in 1971"
TL;DR: Bacteriocin activity can be detected and assayed by a modification of the punchhole method.
Abstract: Bacteriocin activity can be detected and assayed by a modification of the punchhole method.
696 citations
TL;DR: The results support the hypothesis that circulating immune complexes are an important factor in the development of renal disease in scleroderma patients and immunosuppressive therapy might be of value in such patients.
272 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, experimental results of machining with a wide range of negative rake tools are presented, and it is shown that when machining tools up to nearly −90 deg. rake, either chips may be produced or the metal may be ploughed.
131 citations
TL;DR: The effect of intravenous secretin on serum immunoreactive gastrin was studied and it was shown that Boots secretin caused a significant fall in serum gastrin, indicating that secretin may act not only as an inhibitor of gastrin action at a receptor site, but also to suppress the release of gastin from gastrin-secreting cells or to promote the excretion or increased metabolism of Gastrin.
111 citations
TL;DR: It is proposed that high levels of circulating angiotensin II may contribute to the development of renal hypertension in man, and that the ability of the diseased kidney to compensate for the pressor effects of high angiotENSin levels by adjusting sodium and fluid balance may be an additional determining factor in theDevelopment of hypertension associated with renal disease.
106 citations
TL;DR: Improvements in specificity and sensitivity of the TSH RIA resulted in normal values separable from those in thyrotoxicosis and in good agreement with the reported TSH levels.
Abstract: In the majority of radioimmunoassays (RIA) reported for TSH in human serum, detectable levels (average 4–5 μU/ml) have been found in normal subjects and in patients with thyrotoxicosis. In an attempt to define these two groups more clearly, the specificity of the TSH RIA was increased by incubating assay standards (MRC Research Standard A) in hormone-free human serum, and sensitivity was improved by the use of low concentration of tracer (25 pg) and dilute antiserum (1:300,000). Assay sensitivity ranged from 0.2–0.8 μU/ml serum (mean 0.4). The following results were obtained: euthyroid subjects (69), mean 1.0 (range <0.4–3.1) μU/ml; thyrotoxic patients (43) undetectable in 36, 0.2–1.6 in remainder; hypothyroid (76) mean 111 (range 5.6–704). Triiodothyronine treatment resulted in undetectable TSH levels in 17/22 subjects tested. Conclusion: improvements in specificity and sensitivity of the RIA resulted in normal values separable from those in thyrotoxicosis and in good agreement with the reported...
98 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that the visual movement after effect is reduced or eliminated in the absence of a patterned surround, and that the presence of a surround is a stimulus condition necessary for its occurrence.
Abstract: THE apparent movement of stationary patterns in the opposite direction to their immediately preceding real movement is among the earliest reported and most extensively investigated visual after effects1–3. We have shown that the visual movement after effect is reduced or eliminated in the absence of a patterned surround, and that the presence of a surround is a stimulus condition necessary for its occurrence. Surround variables must, in future, be taken into account in explaining the movement after effect phenomenon.
81 citations
TL;DR: Galactic cosmic ray transport equation numerical solution for interplanetary region, considering modulation, diffusion, convection and energy loss effects as discussed by the authors, considering the effects of energy loss and energy modulation.
Abstract: Galactic cosmic ray transport equation numerical solution for interplanetary region, considering modulation, diffusion, convection and energy loss effects
73 citations
TL;DR: The effects of syntactic complexity on visual perception of very rapidly presented word sequences were examined and it was concluded that the effect of syntactical structure on perception was essentially independent of the effects of semantics.
70 citations
TL;DR: The pleiotropy arising in these FPA-r mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa appears to result from alterations in the specificity of protein synthesis, which may provide a method for the detection of suppressor mutations which act by miscoding as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated as being resistant to p-fluorophenylalanine (FPA-r) are pleiotropic, showing patterns of phenotypic alteration of host-controlled modification, growth rate at 37 and 43 °C, ability to grow on minimal medium, response to antibiotics and ribosomal characteristics. Alterations in host-controlled modification are also found in FPA-r mutants of Escherichia coli B.The pleiotropy arising in these FPA-r mutants of P. aeruginosa appears to result from alterations in the specificity of protein synthesis. Phenotypic variations in host-controlled modification of the type found in the FPA-r mutants may provide a method for the detection of suppressor mutations which act by miscoding.
65 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a model for solar cosmic-ray bursts in the 7.5 to 21 MeV kinetic energy interval, where the anisotropic diffusion along the interplanetary magnetic field lines is modeled as a negative density gradient in front of it and a positive gradient behind.
Abstract: Description of a model showing analytically the three phases of anisotropy which occur during solar cosmic-ray events in the 7.5 to 21 MeV kinetic-energy interval and reported by McCracken et al. (1971): (1) a highly anisotropic, near field-aligned, initial phase, (2) a convective phase, and (3) a late-time phase in which the anisotropy is approximately perpendicular to the mean interplanetary magnetic field. The model is based on the cosmic-ray particles being convectively transported out from the sun, undergoing anisotropic diffusion along the interplanetary magnetic-field lines, and losing energy by adiabatic deceleration or by collision processes. The event is seen simply as a pulse moving outward from the sun after a cosmic-ray burst with a negative density-gradient in front of it and a positive gradient behind.
TL;DR: A review of the literature to 1943, Spivack surveyed the reports of an innervation, which was variously described as adrenergic, cholinergic, myelinated, non-myelinated and a diffuse anastomosing network.
Abstract: ALTHOUGH it is generally accepted that nervous tissue is absent in the human placenta and umbilical cord1, the presence or absence of nerves has long been a controversy. In a review of the literature to 1943, Spivack2 surveyed the reports of an innervation, which was variously described as adrenergic, cholinergic, myelinated, non-myelinated and a diffuse anastomosing network. Spivack, however, pointed out the difficulties of interpreting results with conventional neurological stains and described work with silver and methylene blue staining which gave no evidence of a nervous apparatus. There have been several recent reports of neuronal components in these tissues3,5. Jacobson et al.6,7 presented evidence of nerves in the placentae of human and other primate species. Using a modified methylene blue technique8,9, they suggested that this innervation was intrinsic, with groups of cell bodies within the placenta, nerve bundles in the villi and fine fibres about vessels.
TL;DR: Increases in the numbers of patients presenting at the casualty department, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, after suicidal acts are a continuation of a trend evident over at least 12 years, and are most marked in the 15 to 24 years age groups.
Abstract: Over the last three or four years, a sharp increase has occurred in the numbers of patients presenting at the casualty department, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, after suicidal acts. The increases are a continuation of a trend evident over at least 12 years, are present to an equal degree in both sexes, and are most marked in the 15 to 24 years age groups. Presentation of women patients continues to be more than twice as frequent as of men patients, and is also concentrated around weekends.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider a Galton-Watson process in which each individual reproduces independently of all others and has probability a j (j = 0, l, …) of giving rise to j progeny in the following generation.
Abstract: Consider a Galton-Watson process in which each individual reproduces independently of all others and has probability a j ( j = 0, l, …) of giving rise to j progeny in the following generation and in which there is an independent immigration component where b j ( j = 0, l, …) is the probability that j individuals enter the population at each generation. Then letting X n ( n = 0, l, …) be the population size of the n-th generation, it is known (Heathcote [4], [51]) that { X n } defines a Markov chain on the non-negative integers. Unless otherwise stated, we shall consider only those offspring and immigration distributions that make the Markov chain { X n } irreducible and aperiodic.
TL;DR: Findings indicate the desirability of restricting sedative drug prescriptions, the need for befriending services in the city, a knowledge of social services available, and education for married and family life in Australia.
Abstract: SYNOPSISThere has been a striking rise in the suicide rate in Australia over the past 20 years. Between 1955 and 1965, the rate has risen from 15.1 per 100,000 in men to 18.8 and from 5.4 per 100,000 in women to 10.8 (W.H.O.). This rise is largely due to increase in self-poisoning. Studies of Victorian data from the last 20 years reveal that the rise is particularly evident in men between the ages of 25 and 44 and in women under the age of 35 and over the age of 55. It is much more evident in the metropolis of Melbourne, suggesting the importance of social factors.There has also been a two to three times increase in cases of attempted suicide due to self-poisoning with various commonly prescribed drugs presenting in casualty departments of general hospitals since 1955. Detailed study of 150 cases seen at the Alfred Hospital in 1969 reveals the predominance of women, the importance of interpersonal, marital and family difficulties, and of social isolation, as well as past parental deprivation.These finding...
TL;DR: Necropsy findings support the interpretation that white plugs seen to pass through the retinal microcirculation during open-heart surgery were in fact formed in the bloodstream from blood constituents.
TL;DR: The serum gastrin in response to insulin hypoglycaemia was measured in 29 subjects by radioimmunoassay and 13 subjects showed a rise and 16 subjects no change in gastrin levels, which suggests either that the vagal release of gastrin is more dominant in some subjects or that there may be other factors involved which prevent the release of Gastrin.
Abstract: The serum gastrin in response to insulin hypoglycaemia was measured in 29 subjects by radioimmunoassay. Thirteen subjects showed a rise and 16 subjects no change in gastrin levels, although the degree of hypoglycaemia achieved in both groups was identical. This suggests either that the vagal release of gastrin is more dominant in some subjects or that there may be other factors involved which prevent the release of gastrin.
TL;DR: In this paper, the coordination of triphenylarsine oxide to bispentafluorophenylmercury in solution has been detected, but the complex could not be isolated.
Abstract: The complexes (C6F5)2HgL (L = 4,4?-dimethyl-2,2?-bipyridyl, 2,2?- biquinolyl, 2,2?:6?,2?-terpyridyl, 2,4,7,9,-tetramethyl-1,10- phenanthroline, ethylenediamine, o-phenylenediamine, diphenylamine, pyridine, 4-cyanopyridine, triphenylphosphine, triphenylphosphine oxide, or 1,2-bisdiphenylarsinoethane), (C6F5)2HgL2 (L = di-2- pyridylamine), and [(C6F5)2Hg]2L (L = bisdiphenylphosphinomethane or bisdiphenyl-arsinomethane) have been prepared, and their constitution, solution stabilities, and structures studied, together with those of the known complexes (C6F5)2HgL (L = 2,2?- bipyridyl, 1,10-phenanthroline, or 1,2-bisdiphenylphosphinoethane). Coordination of triphenylarsine oxide to bispentafluorophenylmercury in solution has also been detected, but the complex could not be isolated.
TL;DR: The bacteriocine was active against many strains of streptococci and other Gram‐positive organisms but not against staphylococci or any of the Gram‐negative strains examined.
TL;DR: Findings show that cell cultures derived from seminiferous tubules possess the capacity for testosterone formation from proximate precursors and for reductive reduction in cell cultures cultured from dissected rat seminiferously tubules.
Abstract: Cell monolayers were cultured from dissected rat seminiferous tubules in Eagle’s minimum essential medium for 7 days. The culture media were then replaced by fresh individual media containing pregnenolone-7α-3H, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone-7α-3H, dehydroepiandrosterone- 7α-3H and Δ5-androstenediol-7α-3H. After 48 hr incubation, the labeled steroid products were purified and identified by column, paper and thin layer chromatography, with derivative formation and crystallization to constant specific activity. The cell cultures showed minor conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone, 5α-pregnane-3,20-dione and dehydroepiandrosterone, and of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone to testosterone and androstenedione. By contrast, substantial conversions of dehydroepiandrosterone to testosterone and androstenedione, and Δ5-androstenediol to testosterone were observed. These findings show that cell cultures derived from seminiferous tubules possess the capacity for testosterone formation from proximate precursors and for reductive...
TL;DR: Two methods of comparing visual discrimination of vertical and horizontal patterns were used on a sample of 10 infants, finding that indices of discrimination based on visual preference are less sensitive than those based on operant training.
TL;DR: In this article, an attempted synthesis by thermal decomposition of indium trispentafluorobenzoate was un-successful, and the complex (C6F5)3In,diox (diox = 1,4-dioxan) has been obtained by reaction of Indium trichloride with pentaphluorophenyl-magnesium chloride or with an excess of bispentaphlorophenylmagnesium.
Abstract: Trispentafluorophenylindium has been prepared by heating iodopentafluoro-benzene with an excess of indium metal, but was obtained mixed with iodobispenta-fluorophenylindium when the stoicheiometric amount was used. An attempted synthesis by thermal decomposition of indium trispentafluorobenzoate was un-successful. Reaction of indium with bispentafluorophenylmercury and subsequent treatment with ether gave (C6F5)3In,OEt2. The complex (C6F5)3In,diox (diox = 1,4-dioxan) has been obtained by reaction of indium trichloride with pentafluorophenyl-magnesium chloride or with an excess of bispentafluorophenylmagnesium, and C6F5InCl2,diox from bispentafluorophenylmagnesium and an excess of indium trichloride.
TL;DR: There are significant differences between authors in the values given for the normal range of p H and blood gases in fetal scalp blood during the first stage of labour.
TL;DR: The evidence for the regency of Philip II on behalf of his nephew Amyntas son of Perdikkas is discussed in this paper, where the author draws attention to the evidence for a hitherto unrecognised plot against the throne of Alexander the Great.
Abstract: The purpose of this article is twofold: primarily to draw attention to the evidence for a hitherto unrecognised plot against the throne of Alexander the Great; and incidentally to re-examine the evidence for the regency of Philip II on behalf of his nephew Amyntas son of Perdikkas—a subject which has important repercussions on the main theme. Until the end of the nineteenth century students of the reign of Philip II of Macedon, on confronting the question of Philip's regency, had simply to make a choice between the circumstantial (but at least partly incorrect) notice of Justin—who says he was regent—and the contrary indication or implication of Diodorus and all other sources, contemporary or later, including of course Demosthenes. On the death of Perdikkas III in battle against the Illyrians Philip ‘became king of Macedonia, in the archonship of Kallimedes, the first year of Olympiad 105’ (359 B.C.). So says a scholiast on Aischines iii 51. Philip ‘was king over ( ἐβασίλєυσєν ) the Macedonians for 24 years’, says Diodorus—that is, from 359 to 336. On the other hand, Justin claims that on Perdikkas' death Philip became regent; he remained for a long time— diu — non regem sed tutorem pupilli. His pupillus , his ‘ward’, was Amyntas, son of the late king and nephew of Philip. As Macedonia was threatened, continues this author, with serious wars and required the leadership of more than a mere boy, Philip compulsus a populo regnum suscepit .
TL;DR: This work has shown that the discovery of anti-skin activity in the sera of human subjects with the skin diseases pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemPHigoid has provided reagents for the demonstration of antigenic change in experimental skin dysplasia and neoplasia.
Abstract: THE loss of tissue-specific antigens, which has been considered to be important in neoplastic behaviour1–3, occurs in both experimental and human tumours, including squamous cell carcinomas of human4,5 and murine6 origin. Techniques used to demonstrate antigen deletion have involved heterologous anti-tissue sera or naturally occurring organ-specific auto-antibodies. Among the latter, the discovery of anti-skin activity in the sera of human subjects with the skin diseases pemphigus vulgaris7 and bullous pemphigoid8 has provided reagents for the demonstration of antigenic change in experimental skin dysplasia and neoplasia.
TL;DR: Antiserum to Tamm‐Horsfall (TH) urinary protein was prepared in rabbits by immunizing them with the protein purified from normal human urine, and it was present in embryos of all ages, occurring in the same location as in adult kidney.
TL;DR: The intrinsic cholinergic nerve supply of the human myometrium was studied by using electrical transmural stimulation and was found to be postganglionic and minimal, which supports the hypothesis that the human pregnant myometricrium is protected from autonomic influence.
TL;DR: The Distinguishing Features of Forms of Knowledge (DFK) as discussed by the authors is a form of knowledge that can be classified into three categories: epistemic, epistemic and epistemic.
Abstract: (1971). The Distinguishing Features of Forms of Knowledge. Educational Philosophy and Theory: Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 27-35.