Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology

About: Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology is a education organization based out in Dolgoprudnyy, Russia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Laser & Large Hadron Collider. The organization has 8594 authors who have published 16968 publications receiving 246551 citations. The organization is also known as: MIPT & Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University).

Search for squarks and gluinos in events with isolated leptons, jets and missing transverse momentum at √s = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Abstract: The results of a search for supersymmetry in final states containing at least one isolated lepton (electron or muon), jets and large missing transverse momentum with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider are reported. The search is based on proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy s√=8 TeV collected in 2012, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20 fb−1. No significant excess above the Standard Model expectation is observed. Limits are set on supersymmetric particle masses for various supersymmetric models. Depending on the model, the search excludes gluino masses up to 1.32 TeV and squark masses up to 840 GeV. Limits are also set on the parameters of a minimal universal extra dimension model, excluding a compactification radius of 1/R c = 950 GeV for a cut-off scale times radius (ΛR c) of approximately 30.

Developing criteria for evaluation of geroprotectors as a key stage toward translation to the clinic

Abstract: In the coming decades, a massive shift in the aging segment of the population will have major social and economic consequences around the world. One way to offset this increase is to expedite the development of geroprotectors, substances that slow aging, repair age-associated damage and extend healthy lifespan, or healthspan. While over 200 geroprotectors are now reported in model organisms and some are in human use for specific disease indications, the path toward determining whether they affect aging in humans remains obscure. Translation to the clinic is hampered by multiple issues including absence of a common set of criteria to define, select, and classify these substances, given the complexity of the aging process and their enormous diversity in mechanism of action. Translational research efforts would benefit from the formation of a scientific consensus on the following: the definition of 'geroprotector', the selection criteria for geroprotectors, a comprehensive classification system, and an analytical model. Here, we review current approaches to selection and put forth our own suggested selection criteria. Standardizing selection of geroprotectors will streamline discovery and analysis of new candidates, saving time and cost involved in translation to clinic.

Study of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons adsorbed on graphene using density functional theory with empirical dispersion correction.

Abstract: The interaction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon molecules with hydrogen-terminated graphene is studied using density functional theory with empirical dispersion correction. The effective potential energy surfaces for the interaction of benzene, C6H6, naphthalene, C10H8, coronene, C24H12, and ovalene, C32H14, with hydrogen-terminated graphene are calculated as functions of the molecular displacement along the substrate. The potential energy surfaces are also described analytically using the lowest harmonics of the Fourier expansion. It is shown that inclusion of the dispersive interaction, which is the most important contribution to the binding of these weakly bound systems, does not change the shape of the interaction energy surfaces or the value of the barriers to the motion of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon molecules on graphene. The potential energy surfaces are used in the estimation of the friction forces acting on the molecules along the direction of motion. These results underpin the modelling, using density functional theory, of electromechanical devices based on the relative vibrations of graphene layers and telescoping carbon nanotubes.

The effect of coronae on leader initiation and development under thunderstorm conditions and in long air gaps

Abstract: The initiation and development of a leader is theoretically studied by considering an electrode which is embedded in a cloud of space charge injected by a corona discharge The focus is on the initiation of upward lightning from a stationary grounded object in a thundercloud electric field The main results are also applicable to the leader process in long laboratory air gaps at direct voltage Simple physical models of non-stationary coronae developing in free space near a solitary stressed sphere and of a leader propagating in the space charge cloud of coronae are suggested It is shown that the electric field redistribution due to the space charge released by the long corona discharge near the top of a high object hinders the initiation and development of an upward leader from the object in a thundercloud electric field The conditions for the formation of corona streamers that are required to initiate a leader are derived The criteria are obtained for a leader to be initiated and propagate in the space charge cloud A hypothesis is proposed that the streamers are never initiated near the top of a high object under thunderstorm conditions if at ground level there is only a slowly-varying electric field of the thundercloud The streamers may be induced by the fast-rising electric field of distant downward leaders or intracloud discharges

Pepsi‐SAXS: an adaptive method for rapid and accurate computation of small‐angle X‐ray scattering profiles

Abstract: A new method called Pepsi-SAXS is presented that calculates small-angle X-ray scattering profiles from atomistic models. The method is based on the multipole expansion scheme and is significantly faster compared with other tested methods. In particular, using the Nyquist–Shannon–Kotelnikov sampling theorem, the multipole expansion order is adapted to the size of the model and the resolution of the experimental data. It is argued that by using the adaptive expansion order, this method has the same quadratic dependence on the number of atoms in the model as the Debye-based approach, but with a much smaller prefactor in the computational complexity. The method has been systematically validated on a large set of over 50 models collected from the BioIsis and SASBDB databases. Using a laptop, it was demonstrated that Pepsi-SAXS is about seven, 29 and 36 times faster compared with CRYSOL, FoXS and the three-dimensional Zernike method in SAStbx, respectively, when tested on data from the BioIsis database, and is about five, 21 and 25 times faster compared with CRYSOL, FoXS and SAStbx, respectively, when tested on data from SASBDB. On average, Pepsi-SAXS demonstrates comparable accuracy in terms of χ2 to CRYSOL and FoXS when tested on BioIsis and SASBDB profiles. Together with a small allowed variation of adjustable parameters, this demonstrates the effectiveness of the method. Pepsi-SAXS is available at http:// team.inria.fr/nano-d/software/pepsi-saxs.