Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology

About: Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology is a education organization based out in Dolgoprudnyy, Russia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Laser & Plasma. The organization has 8594 authors who have published 16968 publications receiving 246551 citations. The organization is also known as: MIPT & Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University).

Superconducting properties of sulfur-doped iron selenide

Abstract: The recent discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in single-layer iron selenide has generated significant experimental interest for optimizing the superconducting properties of iron-based superconductors through the lattice modification. For simulating the similar effect by changing the chemical composition due to S doping, we investigate the superconducting properties of high-quality single crystals of ${\mathrm{FeSe}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{S}}_{x}$ ($x=0$, 0.04, 0.09, and 0.11) using magnetization, resistivity, the London penetration depth, and low temperature specific heat measurements. We show that the introduction of S to FeSe enhances the superconducting transition temperature ${T}_{c}$, anisotropy, upper critical field ${H}_{c2}$, and critical current density ${J}_{c}$. The upper critical field ${H}_{c2}(T)$ and its anisotropy are strongly temperature dependent, indicating a multiband superconductivity in this system. Through the measurements and analysis of the London penetration depth ${\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{ab}(T)$ and specific heat, we show clear evidence for strong coupling two-gap $s$-wave superconductivity. The temperature dependence of ${\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{ab}(T)$ calculated from the lower critical field and electronic specific heat can be well described by using a two-band model with $s$-wave-like gaps. We find that a $d$ wave and single-gap BCS theory under the weak-coupling approach cannot describe our experiments. The change of specific heat induced by the magnetic field can be understood only in terms of multiband superconductivity.

COVID-19 is an emergent disease of aging

Abstract: COVID-19 is an ongoing pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus that poses one of the greatest challenges to public health in recent years. SARS-CoV-2 is known to preferentially target older subjects and those with pre-existing conditions, but the reason for this age dependence is unclear. Here, we found that the case fatality rate for COVID-19 grows exponentially with age in all countries tested, with the doubling time approaching that of all-cause human mortality. In addition, men and those with multiple age-related diseases are characterized by increased mortality. Moreover, similar mortality patterns were found for all-cause pneumonia. We further report that the gene expression of ACE2, the SARS-CoV-2 receptor, grows in the lung with age, except for subjects on a ventilator. Together, our findings establish COVID-19 as an emergent disease of aging, and age and age-related diseases as its major risk factors. In turn, this suggests that COVID-19, and deadly respiratory diseases in general, may be targeted, in addition to antiviral approaches, by approaches that target the aging process.

Flux Crystal Growth and the Electronic Structure of BaFe12O19 Hexaferrite

Abstract: The barium hexaferrite, BaFe12O19, microcrystals were obtained by the flux crystal growth method and were characterized by XRD, SEM, and TEM methods. XPS measurements were carried out on a powder sample. The binding energy differences between the O 1s and cation core levels, ΔBa = BE(O 1s) – BE(Ba 3d5/2) and ΔFe = BE(O 1s) – BE(Fe 2p3/2), were used to characterize the valence electron transfer on the formation of Ba–O and Fe–O bonds. The chemical bonding effects were considered on the basis of our XPS results measured for BaFe12O19 and the earlier published structural and XPS data for other Ba- or Fe-containing oxide compounds. The band structure of BaFe12O19 was calculated by spin-polarized DFT methods and compared to the valence band spectrum measured by the XPS method.

Quantum Teleportation Between Discrete and Continuous Encodings of an Optical Qubit.

Abstract: The transfer of quantum information between physical systems of a different nature is a central matter in quantum technologies. Particularly challenging is the transfer between discrete and continuous degrees of freedom of various harmonic oscillator systems. Here we implement a protocol for teleporting a continuous-variable optical qubit, encoded by means of low-amplitude coherent states, onto a discrete-variable, single-rail qubit-a superposition of the vacuum and single-photon optical states-via a hybrid entangled resource. We test our protocol on a one-dimensional manifold of the input qubit space and demonstrate the mapping onto the equator of the teleported qubit's Bloch sphere with an average fidelity of 0.83±0.04. Our work opens up the way to the wide application of quantum information processing techniques where discrete- and continuous-variable encodings are combined within the same optical circuit.