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Showing papers by "Moscow State University published in 1976"



Book ChapterDOI
TL;DR: The chapter discusses three methods by which the digestion rate in fish is estimated––namely, by measuring the time interval between food intake and defecation, byasuring the stomach contents at various time intervals after feeding, and by using X-rays for observing the progress of digestion with time.
Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter describes the alimentary canal and digestion in teleosts. It recognizes several types of teleosts on the basis of the different foods taken by them and their feeding habits: plankton feeders, herbivores, omnivores, carnivores, and specialists. The various degrees of specialization in feeding habits lead to the distinction of europhags, stenophags and monophags. Many cell types of the teleost digestive tract have been examined electron-microscopically, such as oral epithelial cells, chloride cells, scattered chemosensory cells, the cells of taste buds, intestinal goblet cells, and epithelium cells. Histo- and cyto-chemical techniques have been used in the study of the teleostean alimentary canal. Because the inner lining of this canal is mucified, emphasis is given to the mucus-secreting cells, which appear to contain either neutral or acidic mucopolysaccharides. In many teleosts, alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase activity has been detected in the brush-border of intestinal and cecal epithelia. Feeding rates have been measured by observing food intake under laboratory conditions with restricted or excess rations. The chapter discusses three methods by which the digestion rate in fish is estimated––namely, (1) by measuring the time interval between food intake and defecation, (2) by measuring the stomach contents at various time intervals after feeding, and (3) by using X-rays for observing the progress of digestion with time.

527 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, it is predicted that there can be a new type of radiation of relativistic channeled particles, and a possibility of using this radiation in physics is indicated, in particular for creating a nuclear γ laser.

277 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a pattern recognition procedure is explained which uses geological data and the earthquake history of a region, in this case California, and learns how to separate earthquake epicenters from other places.

159 citations


Journal ArticleDOI

137 citations


Book ChapterDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the introductory courses on the subject of local theory were presented in Trieste in 2003 and Luminy in 2004, and the lectures contained basic notions and fundamental theorems of the local theory.
Abstract: These are notes of the introductory courses on the subject we lectured in Trieste in 2003 and Luminy in 2004. The lectures contain basic notions and fundamental theorems of the local theory.

107 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a qualitative investigation of the evolution of the orbits and comparison with the analogous case in the restricted problem is carried out, for the set of initial data is found, for which a collision between the bodiesmcffff0 andmcffff1 takes place.
Abstract: A limiting case of the problem of three bodies (m 0,m 1,m 2) is considered. The distance between the bodiesm 0 andm 1 is assumed to be much less than that between their barycenter and the bodym 2 so that one may use Hill's approximation for the potential of interaction between the bodiesm 1 andm 2. In the absence of resonant relations the potential, double-averaged by the mean longitudes ofm 1 andm 2, describes the secular evolution of the orbits in the first approximation of the perturbation theory. As Harrington has shown, this problem is integrable. In the present paper a qualitative investigation of the evolution of the orbits and comparison with the analogous case in the restricted problem are carried out. The set of initial data is found, for which a collision between the bodiesm 0 andm 1 takes place. The region of the parameters of the problem is determined, for which plane retrograde motion is unstable. In a special example the results of approximate analysis are compared with those of numerical integration of the exact equations of the three body problem.

104 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Electron microscopy was used to study the sites of formation of bundles of parallel microfilaments in the early stages of spreading of normal mouse embryo fibroblasts on the substrate, and it is suggested that surface and/or cytoplasm of the newly-formed peripheral cy toplasmic outgrowth may have some special properties necessary for the initiation of the development of microfilament bundles.

96 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the conformational equilibria of deuterated 1,2-trans-disubstituted cyclohexanes have been studied by NMR spectroscopy and the values of gauche-interaction, ΔGX/Y, have been determined.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the equilibrium conditions for formation of the compounds CuLn2O4 (Ln = La, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd) and Cu2R2O5 (R = Tb, Dy, Er, Yb, Y, In) were studied in galvanic cells with solid electrolyte ZrO2 (Y2O3).

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: ATP and inorganic pyrophosphate, besides light, were shown to be usable as energy sources for electric generation in chromatophores associated with planar membrane.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Evidence suggests the ability of T. roseopersicina to change from phototrophy to aerobic chemolithoautot rophy, as confirmed by the capacity of cells grown under such conditions to synthesize ribulose-1,5-diphosphate carboxylase.
Abstract: Purple sulfur bacterium Thiocapsa roseopersicina strain BBS requiring vitamin B12 may grow in the dark in media containing no other organic compounds. Under such conditions the cells oxidize sulfide and thiosulfate with the use of O2 and assimilate carbon dioxide. After 10–30 s assimilation of NaH14CO3 about 60% of radioactivity is found in phosphorylated compounds characteristic for the reductive pentose phosphate cycle. The possibility of the function of this cycle in the dark in the presence of O2 is confirmed by the capacity of cells grown under such conditions to synthesize ribulose-1,5-diphosphate carboxylase. All this evidence suggests the ability of T. roseopersicina to change from phototrophy to aerobic chemolithoautotrophy.

Journal ArticleDOI
12 Feb 1976-Nature
TL;DR: This work has studied the main stage of this process, the coupling of ATP synthetase to the action of membrane protonic pumps at an octane–water interface.
Abstract: ATP SYNTHESIS in mitochondria is one of the most important energy-producing processes in the cell. We have studied the main stage of this process, the coupling of ATP synthetase to the action of membrane protonic pumps at an octane–water interface.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The aim of this study was to elucidate the factors determining the levels of structural organization of chromatin fibrils and to understand the way in which globular components participate in the formation of the 200 A chromatinfibril.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that illumination of the planar artificial membrane formed from a mixture of a decane solution of azolectin and purple sheets induces generation of a transmembrane electric potential difference which can be measured by a voltmeter.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that intracellular structures sensitive to colcemid are essential for the coordination of the reactions in various parts of the cell in the course of spreading, and possibly also for differentiation of the cellular edge into active and stable parts.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: For a class of bounded and analytic functions defined in a simply connected region, the best linear method of approximation with respect to information about the values of the function at some points of the region was constructed in this article.
Abstract: For a class of bounded and analytic functions defined in a simply connected region we construct the best linear method of approximation with respect to information about the values of the function at some points of the region. We show it is unique. We obtain limiting relations for the lower bound of the norm of the error of the best method on an arbitrary compacta with connected complement where the lower bound is taken with respect to nodes from the region of analyticity.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The specific adsorption of Cl− ions at the bismuth-ethanol interface has been studied both in the solutions of mixed electrolytes with constant ionic strength and in the binary LiCl solutions by the method of measuring the potential dependence of differential capacity as mentioned in this paper.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the results of a study of Zn condensation on Cu 2 O and Sb condensation under ion irradiation are presented to demonstrate the possibility of controlling the formation process and structure of thin films by bombardment with an ion beam during vapour deposition.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Using a Feynman technique in a two-dimensional space, the authors calculated an electron propagator and a photon polarization tensor in a superstrong magnetic field B ⪢ B 0 = m 2 e = 4.41 × 10 13 G.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the usefulness of ethyl derivatives for the assignment of close 13C chemical shifts in bicyclic methyl derivatives is shown both for the bicyclo[3.2.1]octane and bicyclo [2.2]heptane series.
Abstract: 13C chemical shifts of more than fifty bicyclo[3.2.1]octane and bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane derivatives (hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones and esters) have been determined. The usefulness of ethyl derivatives for the assignment of close 13C chemical shifts in bicyclic methyl derivatives is shown both for the bicyclo[3.2.1]octane and bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane series. Comparison of substituent effects on α-, β-, γ- and δ-carbons in both series of compounds shows remarkable differences in steric interactions. In contrast to the rigid bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane system, both chair and boat conformations can be predominant in the bicyclo[3.2.1]octane series with the conformationally flexible 6-membered ring.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It has been demonstrated that the previously described changes in the optical properties of apotransketolase interacting with thyamine pyrophosphate are associated only with the catalytically active molecules of coenzyme being bound.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A kinetic scheme of photoresponse formation is proposed, which includes two sequential photochemical reactions of photosynthesis, which indicates on the interaction of two photosynthetic pigment systems when the photoelectric response was formed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that the poly(C) tract is situated at, or near, the 5′-end of the molecule, which indicates that these tracts are situated on the opposite ends of the viral RNA molecule.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The surface of the macroporous silica adsorbent Silochrom has been modified with layers of carbon and an organosilicon polymer and the modified adsorbents have been used in liquid chromatography with strongly and weakly polar eluents.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: For abstract special flows, a sufficient condition of absence of mixing was obtained in this article for certain classes of smooth flows with nonsingular fixed points on compact orientable surfaces, and this condition applies to smooth flows in general.
Abstract: For abstract special flows a sufficient condition of absence of mixing is obtained. The result obtained applies to certain classes of smooth flows with nonsingular fixed points on compact orientable surfaces.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the proton-coupled 13 C NMR spectra of fluorobenzene were analyzed using the iterative LAOCN 3 program and the final values of the 13 C-H coupling constants were determined within the accuracy of ± 0.02 Hz.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the molecular geometries and conformations of benzyl chloride and bromide, C6H5CH2Cl, C16H5 CH2Br, and C 6H5Ch2Br have been investigated by electron diffraction.