Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad

About: Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad is a education organization based out in Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Control theory & Electric power system. The organization has 2475 authors who have published 5067 publications receiving 61891 citations. The organization is also known as: NIT Allahabad & Motilal Nehru Regional Engineering College.

Nano based drug delivery systems: recent developments and future prospects

Abstract: Nanomedicine and nano delivery systems are a relatively new but rapidly developing science where materials in the nanoscale range are employed to serve as means of diagnostic tools or to deliver therapeutic agents to specific targeted sites in a controlled manner Nanotechnology offers multiple benefits in treating chronic human diseases by site-specific, and target-oriented delivery of precise medicines Recently, there are a number of outstanding applications of the nanomedicine (chemotherapeutic agents, biological agents, immunotherapeutic agents etc) in the treatment of various diseases The current review, presents an updated summary of recent advances in the field of nanomedicines and nano based drug delivery systems through comprehensive scrutiny of the discovery and application of nanomaterials in improving both the efficacy of novel and old drugs (eg, natural products) and selective diagnosis through disease marker molecules The opportunities and challenges of nanomedicines in drug delivery from synthetic/natural sources to their clinical applications are also discussed In addition, we have included information regarding the trends and perspectives in nanomedicine area

Nitric Oxide Ameliorates Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Phytotoxicity in Wheat Seedlings: Implication of the Ascorbate-Glutathione Cycle.

Abstract: The present study investigates ameliorative effect of nitric oxide (NO) against zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) phytotoxicity in wheat seedlings. ZnONPs exposure hampered growth of wheat seedlings which was coincided with reduced photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm and qP) due to increased accumulation of zinc (Zn) in xylem and phloem saps. However, SNP supplementation has partially mitigated the ZnONPs-mediated toxicity by modulation of photosynthetic activity and Zn accumulation in xylem and phloem sap. Further, the results reveal that ZnONPs treatments enhanced level of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hence lipid peroxidation (as malondialdehyde; MDA) due to severely inhibited activities of the ascorbate-glutatione cycle (AsA-GSH) enzymes: ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), and its associated metabolites: reduced ascorbate and glutathione. In contrast to this, the addition of SNP together with ZnONPs maintained the cellular functioning of the AsA-GSH cycle properly, hence lesser damage was noticed in comparison to ZnONPs treatments alone. The protective effect of SNP against ZnONPs toxicity on fresh weight (growth) can be reversed by 2-(4carboxy-2-phenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl- imidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide, a NO scavenger, suggesting role of NO released from SNP in ameliorating ZnONPs toxicity. Overall the results of the present study have shown about implication of NO in the reducing ZnONPs toxicity through the regulation of accumulation of Zn, and functioning of the AsA-GSH cycle.

Laser beam machining—A review

Abstract: Laser beam machining (LBM) is one of the most widely used thermal energy based non-contact type advance machining process which can be applied for almost whole range of materials. Laser beam is focussed for melting and vaporizing the unwanted material from the parent material. It is suitable for geometrically complex profile cutting and making miniature holes in sheetmetal. Among various type of lasers used for machining in industries, CO2 and Nd:YAG lasers are most established. In recent years, researchers have explored a number of ways to improve the LBM process performance by analysing the different factors that affect the quality characteristics. The experimental and theoretical studies show that process performance can be improved considerably by proper selection of laser parameters, material parameters and operating parameters. This paper reviews the research work carried out so far in the area of LBM of different materials and shapes. It reports about the experimental and theoretical studies of LBM to improve the process performance. Several modelling and optimization techniques for the determination of optimum laser beam cutting condition have been critically examined. The last part of this paper discusses the LBM developments and outlines the trend for future research.