Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad

About: Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad is a education organization based out in Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Control theory & Electric power system. The organization has 2475 authors who have published 5067 publications receiving 61891 citations. The organization is also known as: NIT Allahabad & Motilal Nehru Regional Engineering College.

Combining Mexican hat wavelet and spread spectrum for adaptive watermarking and its statistical detection using medical images

Abstract: This paper present a secure medical image watermarking technique applying spread-spectrum concept in wavelet transform domain is proposed. In the first step, discrete wavelet transform(DWT) decomposes the cover medical image into four frequency sub-bands using Mexican hat as mother wavelet and then corresponding to each pixel of the binary watermark a pair of Pseudo-Noise (PN) is embedded into a horizontal (HL) and a vertical (LH) sub-band. In order to maintain the imperceptibility of the watermarked image, strength of the generated PN sequence pair is adjusted according to specified document to watermark ratio (DWR). For the extraction the watermark, statistical profile of DWT coefficients of watermarked image is determined and the obtained probability distribution function (pdf) is utilized for designing the watermark detection procedure. Proposed detector considers the best fitted Cauchy statistical model of heavy-tailed family, which accurately models the non-Gaussian DWT coefficients of an image. The robustness of the method is examined for various kinds of attacks with varying watermark to document ratio. Further, experimental results show that the proposed technique offer more robustness than other state-of-the-art method.

A review of CRISPR associated genome engineering: application, advances and future prospects of genome targeting tool for crop improvement.

Abstract: The Cas9 nuclease initiates double-stranded breaks at the target position in DNA, which are repaired by the intracellular restoration pathways to eliminate or insert pieces of DNA. CRISPR-Cas9 is proficient and cost-effective since cutting is guided by a piece of RNA instead of protein. Emphasis on this technology, in contrast with two recognized genome editing platforms (i.e., ZFNs and TALENs), is provided. This review evaluates the benefits of chemically synthesized gRNAs as well as the integration of chemical amendments to improve gene editing efficiencies. CRISPR is an indispensable means in biological investigations and is now as well transforming varied fields of biotechnology and agriculture. Recent advancement in targetable epigenomic-editing tools allows researchers to dispense direct functional and transcriptional significance to locus-explicit chromatin adjustments encompassing gene regulation and editing. An account of diverse sgRNA design tools is provided, principally on their target competence prediction model, off-target recognition algorithm, and generation of instructive annotations. The modern systems that have been utilized to deliver CRISPR-Cas9 in vivo and in vitro for crop improvement viz. nutritional enhancement, production of drought-tolerant and disease-resistant plants, are also highlighted. The conclusion is focused on upcoming directions, biosafety concerns, and expansive prospects of CRISPR technologies.