Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad

About: Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad is a education organization based out in Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Control theory & Electric power system. The organization has 2475 authors who have published 5067 publications receiving 61891 citations. The organization is also known as: NIT Allahabad & Motilal Nehru Regional Engineering College.

State-of-art approaches for review spammer detection: a survey

Abstract: E-commerce websites are now favourite for shopping comfortably at home without any burden of going to market. Their success depends upon the reviews written by the consumers who used particular products and subsequently shared their experiences with that product. The reviews also affects the buying decision of customer. Because of this reason the activity of fake reviews posting is increasing. The brand competitors of the product or the company itself may involve in posting fraud reviews to gain more profit. Such fraudulent reviews are spam review that badly affects the decision choice of the prospective consumer of the products. Many customers are misguided due to fake reviews. The person, who writes the fake reviews, is called the spammer. Identification of spammers is indirectly helpful in identifying whether the reviews are spam or not. The detection of review spammers is serious concern for the E-commerce business. To help researchers in this vibrant area, we present the state of art approaches for review spammer detection. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the existing spammer detection approaches describing the features used for individual and group spammer detection, dataset summary with details of reviews, products and reviewers. The main aim of this paper is to provide a basic, comprehensive and comparative study of current research on detecting review spammer using machine learning techniques and give future directions. This paper also provides a concise summary of published research to help potential researchers in this area to innovate new techniques.

Generalized Frequency Domain Formulation of the Switching Frequency for Hysteresis Current Controlled VSI Used for Load Compensation

Abstract: In this paper, a generalized frequency domain method is proposed to obtain the switching frequency formulation for hysteresis current controlled voltage source inverter (VSI)-based shunt compensator. The formulation obtained from the high-frequency model based on the Tsypkin's method explicitly shows the relation between the maximum switching frequency with the system and design parameters. The shunt compensator has been used for the load compensation in a distribution system for both weak and strong feeder supplying a nonlinear load. The maximum switching frequency has been shown related with hysteresis bandwidth and parameters of the VSI, feeder, and load of the distribution system. It is shown that the feeder and load reactance has a significant effect in determining the maximum switching frequency for the weak feeder distribution systems. However, the maximum switching frequency is mainly dependent upon the shunt compensator parameters for strong feeder distribution systems. The minimum switching frequency in general depends upon the modulation depth of the VSI. The results are verified using as power systems CAD (PSCAD) simulation studies for single-phase load compensation. A laboratory model distribution system has been used for the experimental verification.

Similarity solutions for unsteady flow behind an exponential shock in an axisymmetric rotating non-ideal gas

Abstract: One-dimensional self-similar unsteady isothermal and adiabatic flows behind a strong exponential shock wave driven out by a cylindrical piston moving with time according to an exponential law in a rotational axisymmetric non-ideal gas is investigated. The medium is assumed to be non-ideal gas rotating about the axis of symmetry. The fluid velocities in the ambient medium are assumed to be varying with time according to an exponential law. Similarity solutions exist only when the surrounding medium is of constant density. Solutions are obtained, in both the cases, when the flow between the shock and the piston is isothermal or adiabatic by taking into account components of vorticity vector. It is found that the assumption of zero temperature gradient brings a profound change in the density and compressibility distributions as compared to that of the adiabatic case. The effect of an increase in the value of the parameter of the non-idealness of the gas is investigated. Also, a comparison between the solutions in the cases of isothermal and adiabatic flows is made. Further, it is shown that the consideration of zero temperature gradient and the effect of variation of the parameter of non-idealness of the gas decrease the shock strength and widens the disturbed region between the shock and piston. The shock waves in non-ideal gas can be important for description of shocks in supernova explosions, in the study of a flare produced shock in solar wind, central part of star burst galaxies, nuclear explosion, rupture of pressurized vessel, in the analysis of data from exploding wire experiments, and cylindrically symmetric hypersonic flow problems associated with meteors or reentry vehicles, etc. The findings of the present work provided a clear picture of whether and how the non-idealness of the gas and consideration of zero temperature gradient affect the propagation of shock and the flow behind it.

Drainage morphometric analysis using open access earth observation datasets in a drought-affected part of Bundelkhand, India

Abstract: In this study, a part of Yamuna and Ken basin was selected for quantitative estimation of morphometric parameters through open access earth observation datasets. Further, spectral indices, namely Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), and Soil Brightness Index (SBI), have been calculated to know the relationship with the morphometric parameters. The area has sub-dendritic to dendritic drainage pattern and designated as fifth order stream and drainage density (0.564 km/km2). The stream order is mainly controlled by physiographic and lithological conditions of the area. Spectral indices have been employed to understand the vegetation, wetness, and soil moisture and soil characteristics in the area. The water retention curves of the area have been developed. The spectral indices and morphometric parameters (Dd) shows highly positive correlation. The result has been validated with the aid of borehole/lithology datasets. These quantitative estimates will help in achieving and developing long-term strategies for combating hydrological drought, meteorological drought, climate-related drought, agricultural drought, water mismanagement-related drought, and affected region for preparation of suitable groundwater management plans.

Nanoparticle Based Drug Delivery System: Advantages and Applications

Abstract: There has been a considerable research interest in the area of drug delivery systems using nanoparticles. Nanostructured biomaterials have unique physicochemical properties such as ultra small and controllable size, large surface area to mass ratio, high reactivity and functionalizable structure. It alter and improve the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of various types of drug molecules that are capable of targeted delivery of both imaging agents and anticancer drugs and early detection of cancer lesions, determination of molecular signatures of the tumor by noninvasive imaging and, most importantly, molecular targeted cancer therapy. These properties can be applied on drug to overcoming some of the limitations in traditional therapeutics. They have been used in vivo to protect the drug entity in the systemic circulation, restrict access of the drug to the chosen sites and to deliver the drug at a controlled and sustained rate to the site of action, minimizes undesirable side effects of the drugs and allow for more efficient use of the drug. It should be present at appropriate concentrations at the target site, and it should not lose its activity or therapeutic efficacy while in circulation. Here, we review various aspects of nanoparticle formulation, characterization, effect of their characteristics and their applications in delivery of drug molecules, improving the targated delivery of therapeutic agents, the potential of nanomedicine, development of novel and more effective diagnostic and screening techniques to extend the limits of molecular diagnostics and challenges in synthesizing nanoparticle platforms for delivering various drugs.