Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad

About: Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad is a education organization based out in Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Control theory. The organization has 2475 authors who have published 5067 publications receiving 61891 citations. The organization is also known as: NIT Allahabad & Motilal Nehru Regional Engineering College.

A Publish/Subscribe Communication Infrastructure for VANET Applications

Abstract: Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) can be envisaged as the network of moving vehicles communicating in asynchronous and autonomous fashion. Efficient and scalable information dissemination is a major challenge due to the movement of vehicles which causes unpredictable changes in network topology. Publish/Subscribe communication paradigm provides decoupling in time, space and synchronization between communicating entities, making it most suitable for VANET like environments. In this paper, we propose our publish/subscribe framework for information dissemination in VANET. In our approach, we assumed a hybrid VANET consisting of stationary info-stations and moving vehicles where each vehicle can take the role of publisher, subscriber or broker. Every major crossing of city is equipped with stationary info-stations that act as ultimate place holders for publications and subscriptions. These info-stations are assumed to be connected to internet and form Distributed Hash Table (DHT) based broker overlay among themselves. They act as rendezvous point for publications and subscriptions and send matching publications to interested subscribers. Further, these info-stations also provide services for locating any vehicle in the network. Simulation results indicate that our approach performs well with increasing number of vehicles which suggests the applicability of our approach.

Role of Nanoparticles on Photosynthesis: Avenues and Applications

Abstract: Nanoparticles (NPs) are one of the most widely studied substances of this century, resulting in the establishment of a new branch of science, “nanotechnology.” NPs are defined as particles having at least one dimension ranging between 1 and 100 nm in diameter that can change their physicochemical properties compared to their parent bulk material. In various aspects of daily life and energy production, NPs are widely used because of their exclusive characteristics and novel features. NPs can be synthesized from a variety of bulk materials, and their actions depend upon both their chemical composition and the size and/or shape of the particles. The rate of entry of NPs into plant cells depends on their size and surface properties: smaller NPs are able to enter easily, whereas larger NPs are unable to enter the cells or affect the metabolic pathways of cells. Some of the large NPs have been reported to form large pores to facilitate their entry through plant cell walls. The function of NPs on photosynthesis are different on various plants, even they also varies from plants to plants at species level also. Therefore, in this chapter a brief attempt has been made to summarize the present status associated with the effect of nanoparticles on photosynthesis in plants. To be very specific, NPs either boost up the photosynthesis processes by improving LHC (Light Harvesting Complex) in plants or hinder their pathways by blocking ETC (Electron Transport Chain) and they affect photosynthetic rate by change in several genes and enzymes like Carbonic anhydrase, RUBISCO and PEP caboxylase.

Silicon and nitric oxide-mediated mechanisms of cadmium toxicity alleviation in wheat seedlings.

Abstract: The individual impact of silicon (Si) and nitric oxide (NO, as sodium nitroprusside) on metal toxicity in various plant species has been well documented; however, their combined action in the regulation of metal stress has never been tested yet. Therefore, this study investigates the effects of the combined application of Si and NO in the mitigation of Cd toxicity in wheat seedlings. Seedlings grown on Cd has a significantly declined growth due to an increased accumulation of Cd and oxidative stress markers (due to down-regulation of antioxidant defense system particularly ascorbate-glutathione cycle) and a decreased accumulation of NO and Si. Additionally, the altered leaf and root structures resulted into a declined photosynthetic efficiency. However, addition of Si and NO alone as well as combined significantly alleviated Cd toxicity in wheat seedlings by lowering the accumulation of Cd and oxidative stress markers and improving leaf and root structures, which are collectively responsible for a better photosynthetic rate under Cd toxicity, and hence an improved growth was noticed. Particularly, the application of Si and NO in combination lowered the oxidative stress markers via up-regulating the antioxidant defense system (particularly AsA-GSH cycle) suggesting the increased efficacy of Si+NO against the Cd toxicity in wheat seedlings as compared to their alone treatments. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.