Showing papers by "Motorola published in 1986"

Digital radio frequency receiver

Abstract: A digital radio receiver is described. The digital receiver of the present invention contemplates a digital radio receiver which operates on a received analog signal which has been converted to a digital form after preselection at the output of the antenna. The digital receiver of the present invention comprises a preselector, a high-speed analog-to-digital (A/D) converter, a digitally implemented intermediate-frequency (IF) selectivity section having an output signal at substantially baseband frequencies, and digital signal processor (DSP) circuit performing demodulation and audio filtering. The radio architecture of the present invention is programmably adaptable to virtually every known modulation scheme and is particularly suitable for implementation on integrated circuits.

Bus master having burst transfer mode

Abstract: A data processing system having a bus master and a memory which is capable of transferring operands in bursts of m in response to a burst request signal provided by the bus master, the operands being clustered modulo m about a selected access address provided by the bus master, where m is two (2) to the n power, n being an integer and characteristic of the memory. The bus master is adapted to automatically increment, modulo m, a selected set n of the bits of the access address as each operand in the burst is transferred, provided that the memory has indicated that the burst can be continued and less than m operands have been transferred.

Method and apparatus for signal strength measurement and antenna selection in cellular radiotelephone systems

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining which sector antenna of a sectorized cellular radiotelephone system is receiving the strongest radio signal is disclosed. The signal strength of sector antennas is sequentially sampled, converted to digital representations, and stored according to which antenna received the signal. The digital representations are recalled from storage and the strongest signal along with an identification of the receiving antenna are determined. This determination may be used in the handoff process or in detecting when a remote unit requires a handoff.

Method for dynamically regrouping subscribers on a communications system

Abstract: An improved communication system is disclosed wherein at least one reprogramming station is added to a communication system. The reprogramming station is constructed and arranged to communicate with the subscriber units thereby either reprogramming or regrouping them. The subscribing units receive the reprogramming command and acknowledge individually, altering a memory means until either reprogrammed back to the original state, or to another state. In another mode, the reprogramming station transmits a regrouping command wherein two or more groups are combined to form a super group.

Multiple resonator dielectric filter

Abstract: A duplexer for a radio transceiver is disclosed in which two volumes of dielectric material each have at least two holes and each is covered with a conductive material except for one surface. An electrode on the one surface of each volume is coupled to one of the holes and is coupled to a substrate via a terminal passing through a mounting device. The substrate provides coupling between the terminals of the two volumes and a common antenna.

Multi-level power amplifying circuitry for portable radio transceivers

Abstract: Unique multi-level power amplifying circuitry (120, 122, 140, 150) that may be advantageously utilized in duplex portable radio transceivers (100) which may be inserted into a vehicular adaptor (180) for operation from the vehicle battery (182). Upon detecting (204) the presence of the vehicular adaptor (180), the power amplifier (122) may be operated at a second set of power levels (208) which include levels greater than a first set of power levels (212) for portable operation. The multi-level power amplifying circuitry of the present invention may be advantageously utilized in a variety of applications where duplex battery-operated radio transceivers may be inserted into a vehicular adaptor for operation from the vehicle battery.

Edge bead removal process for spin on films

Abstract: A process for removing the edge bead of films that are spun onto a planar substrate, which edge bead collects at the edge of the substrate. In processes such as the manufacture of integrated circuits, the edge bead of brittle substances such as glass, SiO 2 , tends to shatter upon subsequent high temperature processing and generates particles which contaminate further processing of the integrated circuits. A pulsed or repeated application of a solvent on the edge of the substrate, a backwash step of constant rotational speed and a deceleration over time provides a means of smoothing and gradual cutting back of the spun on film edge. The deceleration spin has a starting rotational speed and a final rotational speed; and the subsequent backwash step is always at a constant rotational speed lower than the starting speed of the previous deceleration spin.

Method and apparatus for controlling a tdm communication device

Abstract: A time division multiplexed (TDM) communication device controller, which controls all signalling, synchronization and supervisory functions. In one embodiment, the invention operates to control a remote communication device having a vo-coder and buffering means. The remote communication device is enabled to operate as a dispatch, full duplex or a combination dispatch/full duplex communication device. In another embodiment, a primary station (repeater) is controlled to operate as a single frequency repeater (SFR) or as a multi-frequency TDM repeater.

Apparatus for polishing semiconductor wafers

Abstract: An apparatus for polishing semiconductor material is described in which a movable polishing arm is mounted to a cabinet. Connected to the polishing arm is a workpiece holder or sometimes referred to as a wafer chuck. Adjacent to the polishing arm is a load station which positions the wafer for pick-up by the polishing arm and attached wafer chuck. Mounted to the cabinet, next to a brush station, is a primary polish station which is used to remove the majority of the material. Alongside of the primary polish station is a final polish station used to provide a finished surface to the wafer. The polishing arm discharges the polished wafer into an unload station which is located next to the final polish station.

Single-block dual-passband ceramic filter useable with a transceiver

Abstract: A single-block ceramic filter (100) providing both pass and stop bands couples an RF signal from transmitter (180) to an antenna (190) and an RF signal from the antenna (190) to a receiver (170). The ceramic filter (100) includes seven holes (102, 104, 106, 108, 110, 112 and 114) each having an elongated cross section and being surrounded by capacitive strips (e.g. 130, 131, 140 and 141 for hole 106), and electrodes (120, 122 and 124) coupled to receiver (170), transmitter (180) and antenna (190), respectively. A bracket (150) may be soldered to the ceramic filter (100) for holding cables coupled to the receiver, transmitter and antenna and for mounting the ceramic filter in a radio transceiver.

System for scheduling serial message transmission on a bus which is adoptable for rescheduling prioritized messages using a doubly-linked list

Abstract: A system (10) for scheduling serial message transmission on a single bus (11) having a plurality of messages to be sent stored in memory (21) with each message located between associated start and end message addresses (START, END). A message list or queue (28) of the messages to be sent is formed and stored in memory (22) wherein the list comprises message pointer blocks (27) associated with each of the messages. Each pointer block includes at least the message start and end addresses, the message unique ID code (MID), the message priority (PRI), the address of the message pointer block associated with the next message to be sent (NEXT) and the address of the message pointer block associated with the previous message to be sent (PREV). A message transmission apparatus (16, 17, 18, 19) then sequentially serially transmits the messages on the bus in accordance with the message transmission order specified in the message list. New messages are scheduled for transmission by appropriately linking a new message pointer block to the lift, and previously sent messages are rescheduled for retransmission by delinking the previous message pointer block and relinking it further down the list. The system eliminates the need for storing sent messages in buffer memory in the event a message is improperly sent and must be resent, and no movement of actual messages in memory is required to alter the message transmission sequence since this is accomplished by just appropriately relinking message pointer blocks in the list.

Data communications system transmitter selection method and apparatus

Abstract: A data communications system is described which comprises a general communications controller (GCC), a plurality of channel communications modules (CCM) and associated co-located transmitters and receivers, and a plurality of portable radios. Message signals carrying alphanumeric information are communicated between the GCC and the portable radios by way of a radio channel. Each CCM receiver takes a signal strength measurement every time it receives a message signal from a portable radio. The GCC gathers the signal strength measurements from the GCC receivers receiving the same message signal and computes the radio channel path loss between the portable radio and each base/transmitter-receiver site which received that portable radio's message. The GCC next determines how much transmitter power each base transmitter site can deliver to the portable radio's receiver. The GCC can then determined (a) which sites are capable of delivering a message to the portable radio, and (b) which sites can be simultaneously used for other traffic without producing harmful interference to the first transmission. Since the GCC can manage the levels of co-channel interference, multiple messages may be simultaneously sent from several base transmitters to several portable radios. This mode of system operation provides for greatly enhanced information throughput.

Battery saving method for a selective call radio paging receiver

Abstract: In a battery powered radio paging receiver, a battery saving method extends battery life and prevents the loss of messages stored in volatile random access memory. Upon receipt of a message, a plurality of alerting devices (vibrators, LCD back-lights, LED's and audio alert tone generators) are sequentially activated. Before each device is activated, however, the battery voltage is checked to determine if sufficient charge remains to power the alerting device without dropping the battery voltage below the minimum requirement for retaining information in the memory. If an alerting device is activated, the battery voltage is repeatedly checked and if it drops below a threshold level, the device is deactivated. If the alerting device is an escalating volume audio alert tone generator and the battery voltage is below a threshold voltage, the volume of the generator is restricted to its lower volume range. The received message is also checked to determine if it has a priority status. If the message is a priority message, all alerting devices are activated, regardless of the battery voltage.

Trunked communication system true priority channel scan

Abstract: While receiving a lower priority message, a remote transceiver unit in a trunked radio communication system is diverted immediately to a priority channel when a priority message is generated. In a first embodiment, a low speed, sub-audible sync word, transmitted by a system controller, causes the remote transceiver to momentarily interrupt the current message and receive priority data transmitted by the system controller. If the priority level of the priority messages exceeds that of the current message, it immediately switches to the priority channel. If not, the remote transceiver reverts to its normal receiving mode and continues its original communication. In a second embodiment, the priority data is transmitted entirely sub-sudible so as to not interrupt the current message. Lastly, in a more basic embodiment, a sub-audible word is transmitted to the remote units causing them to revert to the control channel to receive the priority call assignment. Multi-level message priority is also provided by transmitting sequential priority data words which identify calls of varying priority. The remote units may then respond to the highest priority call.

Ultra high density pad array chip carrier

Abstract: An ultra high density pad array chip carrier which includes a ceramic substrate (200) having a plurality of electrical conductors (204, 210) each of which connect to a respective through-hole plugged with solder (206) on its bottom surface. These holder (206) plugs form a pad array for the chip carrier as well as provide a hermetic seal for the ceramic substrate (200). A polymer dielectric layer (304, 600) is affixed to the top surface (212) of the ceramic substrate (200) which provides an insulated metal die mount pad (302, 602) thereon. The electrical conductors (204, 210) on the ceramic substrate (200) are formed using well-known vacuum metallization techniques to achieve much narrower widths. Approximately a 40 percent reduction in overall size and cost is achieved utilizing this improved arrangement, which improves reliability and facilitates post-assembly cleaning of the chip carrier when mounted to its final board.

Portable radiotelephone vehicular converter and remote handset

Abstract: A portable radiotelephone is disclosed in which an associated logic unit communicates via a data bus with an internal keypad and display and a detachable external keypad and display. Capability is provided for detecting the presence of the external keypad on the data bus and, in response to the detection, the information which would normally be communicated between the logic unit and the internal keypad and display is diverted to the external keypad and display. When the external keypad is detached from the data bus, communications between the logic unit and the internal keypad and display is reestablished.

Method and apparatus for interfacing buses of different sizes

Abstract: In a data processing system having a first bus sized (12) to accomodate 2" units of data and a second bus (14) sized to accomodate 2 Y units of data, where x and y are positive integers and y is less than or equal to x, a method and apparatus for determining y from the x least significant bits of a control address, concatenated with a decode control bit, and then decoding the (x-y) most significant bits of the x control address bits to determine which of x data unit transceivers (22) coupled between the first and second buses should enabled.

Floating point numeric data processor

Abstract: A numeric data processor having an execution unit adapted to efficiently execute the complete set of floating point operations recommended by the IEEE Standard for Binary Floating-Point Arithmetic, ANSI/IEEE Std. 754-1985, in full compliance therewith. The numeric data processor is also adapted to evaluate a large set of transcendental functions, including trigonometric, logarithmic and exponential, consistent with the IEEE Standard, without requiring a "software envelope." In the processor, special hybrid forms of Volder's CORDIC digital approximator and Meggitt's digital approximator are implemented in a manner so as to require minimal additions or modifications to the form of the execution unit which is otherwise required just to execute the standard floating point operations.

Handoff apparatus and method with interference reduction for a radio system

Abstract: A two way radio system employing power control of a remote station transmitter to produce a predetermined received signal level at a fixed site after handoff of the remote station from one radio channel to another is disclosed. A signal strength measurement is made on the in-use channel and a power level for the remote station transmitter is calculated from the measured signal strength, a predetermined nominal signal strength desired on the target radio channel, and a linear correlation of signal strength and remote station power level steps. The calculated remote station power level is then transmitted to the remote station as part of a handoff command.

Cellular radiotelephone land station

Abstract: A fixed site station for cellular systems is disclosed A plurality of radio transceivers are removably disposed in apertures of the common equipment housing and are provided unique parameters of operation by the system controller dependent upon the aperture in which the transceiver is located and the antenna configuration of the cell being served

Pressure sensor assembly

Abstract: A pressure sensor assembly includes a pressure transducer having a pressure displaceable diaphragm bonded to a base. Displacement of the diaphragm results in varying of electrical characterisitcs of the transducer in response to sensed pressure. Electrical output connections (wires) of the transducer extend from a central portion of a top surface of the base, which faces the diaphragm, to a central portion of a base bottom surface and peripheral portions of the diaphragm and base top surface are hermetically bonded together. The transducer is mounted on a carrier plate and integral extensions of the electrical output connections pass through holes in the carrier plate. A housing for the sensor assembly has an opening therein to provide access to the diaphragm by ambient atmosphere/fluid surrouding the housing. A first inner seal bonds at least the peripheral portions of the base bottom surface to the carrier plate, and a second outer seal is positioned between the carrier plate top surface and walls of the housing. The housing walls, carrier plate and first and second seals form an effective seal against ambient atmosphere/fluid which contacts the diaphragm and, therefore, seal and protect the electrical output connections of the transducer. The housing walls form an internal cavity which is isolated from the sensed ambient atmosphere/fluid. Within the internal cavity components are connected to the extensions of the clectrical output connections which pass through the carrier plate holes.

Automatic synchronization system

Abstract: An improved synchronization system for use with simulcast transmission systems is described. The invention provides a method and means for keeping the information signals for adjacent transmitters in the system in synchronization. This invention utilizes a centrally located master transmitter and control unit and a plurality of secondary transmitters disposed in an annular fashion around the master transmitter. In operation, the innermost annular band is synchronized to the master transmitter, while the remainder of the system is disabled. The next adjacent annular band is then synchronized to the innermost annular ring. The process is repeated until every annular band in the system is synchronized.

Flexible printed circuit board having integrated circuit die or the like affixed thereto

Abstract: A flexible printed circuit board assembly having an integrated circuit die bonded directly thereto. A first layer of the flexible printed circuit board assembly includes a plurality of conductive paths and geometrical patterns on each of its surfaces. The conductive patterns include pads for mounting the integrated circuit die and connecting the wires from the integrated circuit. Additional intermediate layers of the flexible printed circuit board assembly, having an aggregate thickness greater than the height of the integrated circuit die and associated leads bonded thereto, surround the integrated circuit die. The top layer of the flexible printed circuit board provides for total encapsulation of the integrated circuit die for protection thereof. In the preferred embodiment that portion of the top layer which covers the integrated circuit die is opaque to prevent the passage of ultraviolet light which might otherwise cause damage to the integrated circuit.

Retractable helical antenna

Abstract: A retractable antenna assembly is disclosed for tuning an antenna having a helical section to frequency by selectively positioning an appropriate tuning core within the helix. The antenna frequency can either be raised or lowered through the use of conductive or permeable tuning core compositions. The core positioning mechanism is implemented by affixing the tuning core to a portion of the antenna supporting rod slideably located within the helix. This helical antenna/tuning core configuration is readily adaptable to miniature portable radios by providing a helical antenna assembly which is retractable within the radio housing in the receive-only or standby mode, and which is outwardly extendible from the radio housing for use in the active transmit/receive mode. A unique barrel-cam latching mechanism is also described.

Dual cache for independent prefetch and execution units

Abstract: A pipelined digital computer processor system (10, FIG. 1) is provided comprising an instruction prefetch unit (IPU,2) for prefetching instructions and an arithmetic logic processing unit (ALPU, 4) for executing instructions. The IPU (2) has associated with it a high speed instruction cache (6), and the ALPU (4) has associated with it a high speed operand cache (8). Each cache comprises a data store (84, 94, FIG. 3) for storing frequently accessed data, and a tag store (82, 92, FIG. 3) for indicating which main memory locations are contained in the respective cache. The IPU and ALPU processing units (2, 4) may access their associated caches independently under most conditions. When the ALPU performs a write operation to main memory, it also updates the corresponding data in the operand cache and, if contained therein, in the instruction cache permitting the use of self-modifying code. The IPU does not write to either cache. Provision is made for clearing the caches on certain conditions when their contents become invalid.

Electrical battery including apparatus for current sensing

Abstract: An electrical battery is provided which includes a current sensing resistor situated in series with a plurality of battery cells located within a housing. The respective ends of the plurality of cells are coupled to positive and negative contacts on an external surface of the battery. The respective ends of the current sensing resistor are coupled to first and second sensing contacts on the external surface of the battery. A battery structure is thus provided which is capable of supplying electrical energy while permitting sensing of the magnitude of electrical current drawn from the battery.

Multilingual paging system

Abstract: A communication system and in particular a paging system for transmitting information includes a keyboard, an encoder, a transmitter, a paging, the paging receiver comprising, a decoder, a microprocessor, and a display. Entered information includes a plurality of languages and a corresponding language select signal, each language comprised of a plurality of characters. To increase throughput, the language characters are compressed by the encoder to a common set of characters. The information including the languages is transmitted to a plurality of selectable paging receivers. The paging receiver decodes the information and converts the transmitted received characters to corresponding language symbols according to the transmitted received language select signal. The language symbols are then displayed on the display.

Speakerphone for radio and landline telephones

Abstract: An improved speakerphone (120 and 130 in FIG. 1) for radio and landline telephones is described. The improved speakerphone (120 and 130) includes a microphone (102 and 132), a speaker (104 and 134) and unique control circuitry (106 and 136). The control circuitry of speakerphone (200 in FIG. 2) interfaces a microphone (250) to a transmit signal (220) and speaker (260) to a receive signal (222) of a duplex communication path, such as a radio channel or telephone line. An audio switch (212) opens or closes the speaker audio path in response to a control signal (224) from control logic (230), and another audio switch (202) opens or closes the microphone audio path in response to the binary complement of the control signal (224). Transmit and receive signal detectors (206 and 207), each includes a logarithmic amplifier (240), an envelope detector (241), a smoothing filter (245 ), a valley detector (242), a summer (243) and a comparator (244) for detecting the presence of audio signals in environments that may be subject to high background noise. Binary output signals from the transmit and receive signal detectors (206 and 207) are applied to control logic (230) which generates the control signal (224) for opening and closing the transmit and receive audio paths. The control logic (230 in FIG. 3) includes delay circuitry (316 and 318) and logic circuitry (304, 306, 308, 310, 312 and 314) for setting and resetting a flip-flop (302) storing the control signal (224). The control logic (230) changes the state of the control signal flip-flop (302) for switching the audio path between the micorphone and speaker when audio signals from the presently closed audio path have not been detected for a time interval determined by the delay circuitry (316 and 318) and audio signals thereafter are detected on the other audio path.

On chip test system for configurable gate arrays

Abstract: An on chip test system for arrays is provided that includes self test and maintenance operation while allowing for both synchronous and pipeline modes of normal operation. The system is integrated on a chip that includes a plurality of inputs and a plurality of outputs. A plurality of gates are coupled between the plurality of inputs and outputs wherein input signals may be transmitted asynchronously to the gates and output signals may be transmitted asynchronously to the outputs. An input shift register is coupled between each of the inputs and the gates for synchronously transmitting input signals, and an output shift register is coupled between the gates and each of the outputs for synchronously transmitting output signals. A control logic circuit is coupled to the plurality of gates, the input shift registers, and the output shift registers for selecting the systems mode of operation. A comparator circuit is coupled to the output shift registers for comparing said output signals with expected signals.

Computer aided dispatch system

Abstract: A computer aided dispatch system is provided for use in a trunked communication system. The system comprises at least a master file node and a plurality of user nodes. The master file node contains a data record for each subscriber on the trunked communication system. Each data record has a plurality of fields that may assume various values. Each dispatcher "attaches" to a particular value of at least one field in any of the data records. The master file node maintains the records for each subscriber and automatically transmits an updated record to each dispatcher attached to the subgroup in which the subscriber operates. In this way, dispatchers are continuously provided the latest subscriber status even though the responsibility for monitoring the status of a particular subscriber unit may dynamically pass from dispatcher to dispatcher.