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Showing papers by "Motorola published in 1990"


Patent•
19 Oct 1990
TL;DR: In this article, a system and method of evaluating the radio coverage of a geographic area serviced by a digital cellular radiotelephone communication system is described which comprises a plurality of base stations each having a transmitter and a receiver and a plurality mobile units having co-located transmitters and receivers for transmitting and receiving communication message signals between the base stations and a mobile unit.
Abstract: A system and method of evaluating the radio coverage of a geographic area serviced by a digital cellular radiotelephone communication system is described which comprises a plurality of base stations each having a transmitter and a receiver and a plurality of mobile units having co-located transmitters and receivers for transmitting and receiving communication message signals between the base stations and a mobile unit. During operation, the position of at least one of the mobile units operating within the geographic area is located when a call is received by a base station. The base station monitors the signal quality of the call and collects information relevant to the actual performance of the communication system. The mobile unit location and corresponding signal quality data are passed from the base station to a central operation and maintenance unit which collects the data, performs all necessary analytic and arithmetic computations, and provides a user-friendly representation of the characteristics of the radio coverage. With this representation of the radio coverage characteristics, the system operator can quickly and efficiently diagnose coverage deficiencies and take the necessary corrective action. By continuously monitoring subscriber calls and updating the pictographic representations, the system operator can actually observe the effect of the adopted modifications in a pseudo real-time fashion.

389 citations


Patent•
Caleb Frank D. Mc1, Basil Pagones1•
09 Apr 1990
TL;DR: In this article, a lithium battery includes a switch (22) to activate the discharging circuit (18) so that lithium may be inactivated for safe disposal of the battery.
Abstract: A lithium battery (10) includes a switch (22) to operatively activate the discharging circuit (18) so that lithium may be inactivated for safe disposal of the battery (10).

361 citations


Proceedings Article•DOI•
I.A. Gerson1, M.A. Jasiuk1•
03 Apr 1990
TL;DR: The vector sum excited linear prediction speech coder is presented, and it utilizes a codebook with a structure that allows for a very efficient search procedure.
Abstract: The vector sum excited linear prediction speech coder is presented. It utilizes a codebook with a structure that allows for a very efficient search procedure. Other advantages of the VSELP codebook structure are discussed, and a detailed description of an 8-kb/s VSELP coder is given. This coder was selected by the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) as the standard for use in North American digital cellular telephone systems. The coder uses two VSELP excitation codebooks, a gain quantizer which is robust to channel errors, and a novel adaptive pre/postfilter arrangement. >

288 citations


Patent•
Robert M. Johnson1, Metroka Michael P1•
23 Apr 1990
TL;DR: In this article, a battery type detector for battery-using and battery-charging equipment is presented, and operational characteristics of the using and charging equipment are modified in accordance with the battery type detected.
Abstract: A battery type detector for battery-using and battery-charging equipment is disclosed. Operational characteristics of the using and charging equipment is modified in accordance with the battery type detected.

257 citations


Patent•
Jaime A. Borras1•
20 Feb 1990
TL;DR: In this paper, a centralized communication system controller measures and stores a historical record of each subscriber unit's communication activity and predicts the communication activity over a future time interval, which causes the subscriber unit to enter an energy saving mode and deactivate (208) non-essential circuits.
Abstract: A centralized communication system controller (102) measures and stores a historical record of each subscriber unit's communication activity. By examining this historical record, the controller predicts the subscriber unit's communication activity over a future time interval. A code based upon this prediction is transmitted to the subscriber unit (110), which causes the subscriber unit to enter an energy saving mode and deactivate (208) non-essential circuits for a time period represented by the code. In this way, the duration of the ''sleep'' interval may be optimally varied based upon the subscriber unit's communication history. In another aspect of the invention, unexpected messages for a subscriber unit in the energy saving mode are sorted (114) electronically until the conclusion of the ''sleep'' interval. This message storing function enhances system efficiency when the subscriber unit's communication history does not correlate with actual communication traffic.

245 citations


Patent•
07 Nov 1990
TL;DR: In this paper, a personal identity authentication system is provided in which parametric data of an authorized possessor is encrypted into a memory of a portable transceiver device, carried by a possessor, and activated by an identity request transmitted from a nearby, authorized verification device.
Abstract: A personal identity authentification system is provided in which parametric data of an authorized possessor is encrypted into a memory of a portable transceiver device. The portable transceiver device, carried by a possessor, may be activated by an identity request transmitted from a nearby, authorized verification device. Upon activation, the portable transceiver transmits the encrypted data to the verification device which, when decoded by a verification unit, provides positive identification of the authorized possessor.

242 citations


Journal Article•DOI•
TL;DR: In this paper, the penetration of boron into and through the gate oxides of PMOS devices which employ p/sup +/ doped polysilicon gates is studied, which results in large positive shifts in V/sub FB/, increased PMOS subthreshold slope and electron trapping rate, and decreased low-field mobility and interface trap density.
Abstract: The penetration of boron into and through the gate oxides of PMOS devices which employ p/sup +/ doped polysilicon gates is studied. Boron penetration results in large positive shifts in V/sub FB/, increased PMOS subthreshold slope and electron trapping rate, and decreased low-field mobility and interface trap density. Fluorine-related effects caused by BF/sub 2/ implantations into the polysilicon gate are shown to result in PMOS threshold voltage instabilities. Inclusion of a phosphorus co-implant or TiSi/sub 2/ salicide prior to gate implantation is shown to minimize this effect. The boron penetration phenomenon is modeled by a very shallow, fully-depleted p-type layer in the silicon substrate close to the SiO/sub 2//Si interface. >

209 citations


Patent•
Durboraw Issac Newton1•
19 Jul 1990
TL;DR: In this paper, the position of a subscriber unit is automatically determined from the received GPS signals and reported to the satellite communication system for other uses such as asset management and search and rescue operations.
Abstract: A subscriber unit for communicating with a satellite communication system. This subscriber unit receives and transmits digital data from satellites of a satellite communication system. In addition, the subscriber unit self-determines its own position and transmits this position to the satellites of the satellite communication system. In this way, the satellite communication sytem knows the position of each subscriber unit so that communications may be established more efficiently. In addition, the position of the subscriber unit is automatically determined from the received GPS signals and reported to the satellite communication system for other uses such as asset management and search and rescue operations.

199 citations


Patent•
William J. Kuznicki1•
02 Mar 1990
TL;DR: In this article, a battery capacity indicator is described which measures the battery terminal voltage at two discharge rates, monitoring the resultant differential battery voltage at predetermined time intervals, and comparing the resultant battery voltage to a set of predetermined differential battery voltages which are stored within a memory within the battery powered device.
Abstract: A battery capacity indicator is described which measures the battery terminal voltage at two discharge rates, monitoring the resultant differential battery voltage at predetermined time intervals, and comparing the resultant differential battery voltage to a set of predetermined differential battery voltages which are stored within a memory within the battery powered device. Each of the predetermined differential battery voltages corresponds to one of a set of predetermined battery capacities for each type of battery used in the device. The battery capacity indicator provides to the user a continuous display of the available battery capacity.

197 citations


Patent•
27 Sep 1990
TL;DR: In this article, an adhesive material 120 including a fluxing agent is applied to either a substrate 100 having a metallization pattern 110 or a solder bumped electrical component 130, and the component 130 is positioned on the substrate 110 and the solder bump 140 is reflowed.
Abstract: An adhesive material 120 including a fluxing agent is applied to either a substrate 100 having a metallization pattern 110 or a solder bumped electrical component 130. The component 130 is positioned on the substrate 110 and the solder bump 140 is reflowed. During the reflow step, the fluxing agent promotes adhesion of the solder 140 to the substrate metallization pattern 110, and the adhesive material 120 is cured to mechanically interconnect and encapsulate the substrate 110 to the component 130.

189 citations


Patent•
James E. Jaskie1, Curtis D. Moyer1•
06 Nov 1990
TL;DR: In this paper, a configurable display comprising a distributed Bragg reflector having a plurality of flexible, compressible polymer layers is provided, and the polymer layers are transparent and comprise alternating layers of differential index of refraction material so that a reflective surface is formed at each interface between the alternating layers.
Abstract: A configurable display comprising a distributed Bragg reflector having a plurality of flexible, compressible polymer layers is provided. The polymer layers are transparent and comprise alternating layers of differential index of refraction material so that a reflective surface is formed at each interface between the alternating layers. The polymer layers are sandwiched between a first electrode which is transparent and a second electrode. Thickness of each of the layers is designed such that light reflecting from the reflective surfaces interferes constructively at predetermined wavelengths. The thickness of each of the layers is altered by application of a static potential between the first and second electrodes which deforms the polymer layers thereby shifting the wavelength at which constructive interference occurs. In this manner wavelength and amplitude of reflective light can be modulated by a voltage applied between the first and second electrodes.

Patent•
Charles J. Malek1•
02 May 1990
TL;DR: In this article, a method for generating dummy traffic to forestall cryptanalytic attack by traffic analysis was proposed, and the dummy traffic signal and certain characteristics of the dummy transmissions, such as duration and intertransmission delay were derived from the same source.
Abstract: In a secure communication system, a method for generating dummy traffic to forestall cryptanalytic attack by traffic analysis. Both the dummy traffic signal (314) and certain characteristics of the dummy transmissions, such as duration (305) and intertransmission delay (306), are derived from the same source (301).

Patent•
10 Dec 1990
TL;DR: In this article, a non-hermetic, three-dimensional, microwave semiconductor device carrier with integral waveguide couplers is disclosed, which provides pseudo-shielding cavities about the resident multiple semiconductor GaAs die.
Abstract: A non-hermetic, three-dimensional, microwave semiconductor device carrier with integral waveguide couplers is disclosed A molded plastic substrate having a suitable dielectric constant and varying thicknesses comprises plated conductors and locations for receiving GaAs MMIC's MMIC's are mounted to a metal backplate and die bonded to the plated conductors The waveguide couplers are integrally molded as part of the carrier substrate, and comprise plated through cylindrical members Signals from a waveguide cavity are coupled to the MMIC's by inserting the waveguide couplers into a waveguide port The carrier and integral waveguide coupler together with a plated molded cover forms a non-hermetic package providing pseudo-shielding cavities about the resident multiple semiconductor GaAs die Transmission line impedance control is enhanced varying the substrate thickness on a per conductor basis Frequency of operation exceeds 12 gigahertz

Patent•
Jose Gutman1, Steven C. Shapiro1•
07 Feb 1990
TL;DR: In this article, a paging system comprising a centrally located terminal (12) and a plurality of remote pager units (24) is disclosed wherein both automatic and manual acknowledge back signalling is provided.
Abstract: A paging system (10) comprising a centrally located terminal (12) and a plurality of remote pager units (24) is disclosed wherein both automatic and manual acknowledge back signalling is provided. An appropriate acknowledge back signal by a called pager within a set interval indicates the message was duly received and understood which is so indicated to the initiating caller. Failure to respond within the set interval causes the pager unit to send back a negative response which is likewise so indicated to the initiating caller.

Patent•
04 Oct 1990
TL;DR: A personal communicating computer (112) as discussed by the authors remains in contact, via a wireless network, with an office server (101), with documents from various sources can be transmitted to the Personal communicating computer using this network.
Abstract: A personal communicating computer (112) (FIG. 1) remains in contact, via a wireless network, with an office server (101). Documents from various sources can be transmitted to the personal communicating computer (112) using this network. Upon receipt, such documents can be accessed and utilized in a variety of ways. In particular, such documents can be annotated in a variety of ways, and those annotations forwarded on to other destinations for appropriate review and handling.

Patent•
21 Nov 1990
TL;DR: In this paper, a method for performing graphics Z-compare and pixel merge operations, for use in a Z-buffering system to remove hidden surfaces when displaying a three-dimensional image, is provided.
Abstract: A method for performing graphics Z-compare and pixel merge operations, for use in a Z-buffering system to remove hidden surfaces when displaying a three-dimensional image, is provided. The data processing system includes a main memory for storing data and instructions, and a graphics execution unit for executing graphics instructions. The graphics execution units are connected to an instruction sequencer, which provides instructions and data operands to the execution units, via a communications bus. In response to receiving Z-compare and pixel merge instructions, the graphics execution unit compares one or more Z-axis coordinates within a first data operand to one or more Z-axis coordinates in a corresponding bit-field position within a second data operand to determine a relative Z-axis position of each of the one or more pixels associated with the one or more Z-axis coordinates. A pixel compare result bit-vector uniquely representing the possible results of comparing each of the corresponding bit-field positions is stored in a register. Utilizing the pixel compare result vector, the graphics execution unit executes a pixel merge instruction, to selectively store the pixels in an image buffer.

Patent•
07 Dec 1990
TL;DR: In this paper, an enciphering and call sequencing method and apparatus are provided which can decrease unauthorized detection of these proprietary ID's and permit efficient roaming by allowing authentication variables for multiple calls to be sent from the "home" system to the "visted" system and stored by the 'visted' system for use with subsequent calls.
Abstract: Radio frequency based cellular telecommuication systems often require a subscriber (10) to maintain a proprietary identifier (19) or serial number (18) which is transmitted to a fixed network communication unit (20) to verify the authenticity of the subscriber (10). An enciphering and call sequencing method and apparatus are provided which can decrease unauthorized detection of these proprietary ID's (18, 19). This method and apparatus permit efficient roaming by allowing authentication variables for multiple calls to be sent from the "home" system (20) to the "visted" system and stored by the "visted" system for use with subsequent calls. Further, a method and apparatus are provided which force the authenticating mobile (10) to use information that only it has available to itself. Furthermore, a method and apparatus are provided which allow continued encryption integrity during handoffs by maintaining a record of pseudo random events between a subscriber unit (10) and any radio communication unit (20) and using that record as an encryption variable.

Patent•
01 Jun 1990
TL;DR: In this paper, a memory structure and related method for collecting and maintaining data descriptive of a multiplicity of interrelated process flows is disclosed, and a complex memory structure includes job entities, operation entities, and process entities.
Abstract: A memory structure and related method for collecting and maintaining data descriptive of a multiplicity of interrelated process flows is disclosed. A complex memory structure includes job entities, operation entities, and process entities. Operation entities are subordinate to job entities, and process entities are subordinate to operation entities. These entities are represented by tables which are linked together to indicate their position in the hierarchy and their sequencing within a process flow. The process entities describe specific activities accomplished by an organization in achieving organizational goals. Typically, resources are either consumed or released, or both, during a process. Bill-of-resource tables are subordinate to process entities and populated with data which identify resources consumed by corresponding processes in the process flow. Attribute tables are subordinate to the resources listed in the bill-of-resources tables and populated with data which identify attribute limitations, durations for which resources are used, and quantities of resources consumed. Branch and condition entities are positioned between operation entities or process entities to initiate alternate process flows to be taken when specified conditions are met. In addition, condition entities may specify conditions to be met before including particular bill-of-resource and attribute tables within a process flow.

Patent•
29 Jun 1990
TL;DR: In this paper, a trunked radio system is used to reuse radio frequency specta in a large cell radio system, where low power radio transmission occurs and multiple small cell radio systems in geographically separate locatiosn can use a limited number of radio resources simultaneously.
Abstract: Reusing radio frequency specta in a trunked radio system by establishing small cell trunked radio systems within a large cell trunked radio system wherein low power radio transmission occurs permits multiple small cell trunked radio systems in geographically separate locatiosn to use a limited number of radio resources simultaneously, increasing usage of a finite number of communication resources. As used in cellular telephone systems, very low power trunked radio systems separated from each other can reuse the same frequency without interfering with each other or interfering with a large cell trunked radio system license holder.

Patent•DOI•
Ira A. Gerson1, Mark A. Jasiuk2•
TL;DR: In this article, a speech coder and decoder methodology was proposed to represent pitch excitation and codebook excitation source energies by parameters that are readily transmissible with minimal transmission capacity requirements.
Abstract: A speech coder and decoder methodology wherein pitch excitation and codebook excitation source energies (100) are represented by parameters that are readily transmissible with minimal transmission capacity requirements. The parameters are the long term energy value, a short term correction factor which is applied to the long term energy value to match the short term energy, and proportionality factor(s) that specify the relative energy contribution of the excitation sources to the short term energy value (101).

Patent•
Kevin D. Moore1, Steven C. Machuga1, John W. Stafford1, Kenneth Cholewczynski1, Dennis Miller1 •
05 Nov 1990
TL;DR: In this paper, an improved method for assembling an integrated circuit component to a substrate by a solder bump interconnection that is reinforced by a polymer film is provided. But this method requires the component to be attached to a region of the substrate by the plurality of solder bump connections that create a gap between the component interface and the substrate region.
Abstract: An improved method is provided for assembling an integrated circuit component to a substrate by a solder bump interconnection that is reinforced by a polymer film. The component is attached to a region of the substrate by a plurality of solder bump interconnections that create a gap between the component interface and the substrate region. A polymer dam is applied to the region encircling the attached component spaced apart therefrom. A liquid polymer precursor material is applied to the region including the gap and is confined by the dam to prevent indiscriminate flow across the substrate. In one aspect of this invention, gas is vented from the gap through a passage in the substrate to enhance fill by the precursor liquid. In another aspect of this invention, the precursor liquid is injected into the gap through a passage in the substrate and spread outwardly therefrom. In any event, the precursor liquid infiltrates the gap about the solder interconnections and is cured to form a film that reinforces and protectively encapsulates the solder interconnections.

Patent•
Rebecca LeFebvre1•
12 Sep 1990
TL;DR: In this article, an improved minimal comprehension time format was proposed to provide vehicle navigation information to the operator in an improved minimization time format, and allowed the vehicle operator to select for himself how to recover from an off route condition.
Abstract: Land vehicle navigation apparatus (10) with a visual display (16, 20) is provided. The apparatus provides a visual display of a calculated navigation route (22) with a visual indication (23) of the direction of desired travel along the navigation route. An off route map display portion (28) is provided which has the visual navigation route display (22) in one color and, in a second contrasting color, a visual display (24, 26) of actual vehicle travel. A separate additional feature is that an off route display (20) provides a visual display portion (29) of a plurality of operator selectable off route recovery options (1-6). Off route recovery means (12, 49-63) are provided such that the vehicle operator can implement the visually displayed recovery options. The result is a navigation system which visually provides vehicle navigation information to the vehicle operator in an improved minimal comprehension time format, and allows the vehicle operator to select for himself how to recover from an off route condition.

Patent•
01 Jun 1990
TL;DR: In this paper, a method for translating complex process flow networks into plans or schedules for the manufacturing of products or the performance of other organizational activities is disclosed, which maintains a time-valued list of existing commitments to resources.
Abstract: A method for translating complex process flow networks into plans or schedules for the manufacturing of products or the performance of other organizational activities is disclosed. The method maintains a time-valued list of existing commitments to resources. Allocations of these resources are made to lots during a simulation procedure which calculates a resulting plan's timing data. The method simulates higher priority lots before it simulates lower priority lots. A simulation evaluates the process flow description to obtain the relative order of consuming and releasing resources, resource attributes and related capabilities, initial minimum timing requests, and process control rules. The simulation uses the list to determine when resources may be used without impacting prior commitments of the resources. In addition, the simulation forces the allocations to conform to the process control rules. The resulting timing data is merged into the processing plan, and resource commitments are then made to the simulated resource. When lower priority lots are simulated, commitments have already been made to higher priority lots. Thus, the lower priority lots cannot receive resource allocations which impact the higher priority lots. However, the lower priority lots may receive allocations which occur prior to contending allocations to higher priority lots.

Journal Article•DOI•
TL;DR: In this article, a new equivalent-circuit model which accounts for many of the observed characteristics is developed, which does not rely on physically unrealistic circuit element values in order to obtain accurate performance predictions.
Abstract: Output resistance and transconductance of GaAs MESFETs have been observed to change significantly at very low frequencies. Extensive measurements of these characteristics as a function of device bias are reported. Direct measurements of the dispersive behavior between DC and 100 kHz and over a broad temperature range have been made on ion-implanted monolithic microwave IC (MMIC) devices. Conductance deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) and microwave S-parameter measurements have also been made to investigate this behavior. These measurements reveal that surface or channel-substrate interface traps in the material are most likely to be responsible for the observed behavior. A new equivalent-circuit model which accounts for many of the observed characteristics is developed. Unlike previously proposed equivalent circuits, the model does not rely on physically unrealistic circuit element values in order to obtain accurate performance predictions. The bias dependence of circuit element values is computed for one device. Effects not described by the model are also discussed. >

Patent•
20 Mar 1990
TL;DR: A bulletin board communication resource (206) provides a message to communication units (104) regarding available communication systems (101, 102, and 103) in a particular geographic area.
Abstract: A bulletin board communication resource (206) provides a message to communication units (104) regarding available communication systems (101, 102, and 103) in a particular geographic area. The bulletin board resource also supports registration of the communication unit with one or more of these systems as selected by the communication unit.

Patent•
06 Aug 1990
TL;DR: In this article, a DRAM is operated based upon an external clock input, a column enable, and a row enable, which is accessed and row and column addresses are latched into buffers based upon the clock input.
Abstract: A DRAM is operated based upon an external clock input, a column enable, and a row enable. The DRAM is accessed and row and column addresses are latched into buffers based upon the clock input.

Patent•
27 Sep 1990
TL;DR: In this paper, an adhesive material including a fluxing agent and metal particles was applied to either a substrate having a metallization pattern or an electrical component, and the component was positioned on the substrate and heated during the heating step.
Abstract: An adhesive material 220 including a fluxing agent and metal particles 240 is applied to either a substrate 200 having a metallization pattern 210 or an electrical component 230 The component 230 is positioned on the substrate 210 and heated During the heating step, the fluxing agent promotes adhesion of the metal particles 240 to the substrate metallization pattern 210 and the component, and the adhesive material 220 is cured, to mechanically interconnect and encapsulate the substrate 210 and the component 230

Patent•
11 Dec 1990
TL;DR: In this paper, a portable radio (100) is equipped with environmental detection capabilities, and upon detecting the presence of an environmental condition such as smoke above a predetermined threshold, transmits an information signal to a communication station (202).
Abstract: A communication system (200) includes a portable radio (100) which has environmental detection capabilities. The radio (100) upon detecting the presence of an environmental condition such as smoke above a predetermined threshold, transmits an information signal to a communication station (202). Once the signal is received by communication station (202), it is decoded and a message is annunciated. The communication station (202) can transmit a message to radio (100) in response to the information signal. Optionally, before radio (100) transmits an information signal to the communication station (202), it first determines if the environmental condition (e.g. smoke) has been detected for a predetermined period of time.

Patent•
23 Nov 1990
TL;DR: In this article, a satellite based paging communication system comprises a plurality of terrestrial stations capable of communicating the paging information with at least one satellite (102), in turn, the satellite(s) are capable of sending paging messages to at most one terrestrial receiver or terrestrial station (116).
Abstract: A satellite based paging communication system comprises a plurality of terrestrial stations capable of communicating the paging information with at least one satellite (102). The satellite(s), in turn, are capable of communicating the paging information to at least one terrestrial receiver (126) or terrestrial station (116). Also included is at least one control station (110) for determining where and how to deliver the paging information to one or more of a plurality of terrestrial receivers (pagers), at least some of which are capable of receiving the paging information from one or more of the satellites and one or more of the terrestrial stations.

Patent•
Sam M. Daniel1, Brian K. Short1•
02 May 1990
TL;DR: The RICS microprocessor architecture as discussed by the authors provides a plurality of data registers and instruction registers each having a multi-bit extension for extending the width of the data and instruction words processed therethrough, which allows full precision computation for the data words requiring the tag field to identify the data type thereof while retaining full precision compatibility for data words not needing tag field identifiers.
Abstract: A RICS microprocessor architecture is provided with a plurality of data registers and instruction registers each having a multi-bit extension for extending the width of the data and instruction words processed therethrough. A first plurality of bits within a tag field of the multi-bit extension are reserved for identifying the data type of the data words while a second plurality of bits provide instruction dependent control. The multi-bit extension allows full precision computation for the data words requiring the tag field to identify the data type thereof while retaining full precision compatibility for data words not needing tag field identifiers. At least two bits of the first plurality of bits in tag field are reserved for identifying one of several primary categories of data types and at least two bits identify one of several subtype categories within each of the plurality of primary categories. An extended set of machine instructions is also provided for efficient usage of the multi-bit extension appended to the data and instruction registers.