Showing papers by "Motorola published in 2015"

Multiple Kernel Learning via Low-Rank Nonnegative Matrix Factorization for Classification of Hyperspectral Imagery

Abstract: In this paper, a novel multiple kernel learning (MKL) algorithm is proposed for the classification of hyperspectral images. The proposed MKL algorithm adopts a two-step strategy to learn a multiple kernel machine. In the first step, unsupervised learning is carried out to learn a combined kernel from the predefined base kernels. In our algorithms, low-rank nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is used to carry out the unsupervised learning and learn an optimal combined kernel. Furthermore, the kernel NMF (KNMF) is introduced to substitute NMF for enhancing the ability of the unsupervised learning with the predefined base kernels. In the second step, the optimal kernel is embedded into the standard optimization routine of support vector machine (SVM). In addition, we address a major challenge in hyperspectral data classification, i.e., using very few labeled samples in a high-dimensional space. Experiments are conducted on three real hyperspectral datasets, and the experimental results show that the proposed algorithms, especially for KNMF-based MKL, achieve the outstanding performance for hyperspectral image classification with few labeled samples when compared with several state-of-the-art algorithms.

Method and apparatus for reducing latency of lte uplink transmissions

Abstract: A method and apparatus reduce latency of Long Term Evolution (LTE) uplink transmissions. A Downlink Control Information (DCI) message can be received in a first subframe. The DCI message can indicate a resource assignment and a modulation and coding scheme and can indicate a plurality of cyclic shifts from which a User Equipment (UE) may select one cyclic shift for transmission in a second subframe for an uplink carrier. A cyclic shift can be selected from the plurality of indicated cyclic shifts based on a selection criterion. A data packet can be transmitted on a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) in a resource indicated by the resource assignment and modulation and coding scheme using a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) based on the selected cyclic shift in the second subframe on the uplink carrier.

On Small Terminal MIMO Antennas, Harmonizing Characteristic Modes With Ground Plane Geometry

Abstract: multiple input–multiple output (MIMO) antenna systems are defined by fundamental figure of merits (FoM), such as branch imbalance, total efficiency, mean effective gain (MEG), and the correlation coefficient. Those FoM requirements are challenging, specially when applied to electrically small mobile devices, i.e., smart-phones, due to the form factor-reduced dimensions and multiplicity of adjacent frequency bands of operation. Uncorrelated antennas are especially important for MIMO antenna systems; other than few exceptional cases, the reduction of magnitude of complex correlation coefficient will increase the system capacity and data throughput. This work proposes an MIMO antenna system for mobile terminals, based on a realistic form factor and packaging implementation, with a very low magnitude of the complex correlation coefficient and an impressive isolation. An isolation better than 20 dB has been achieved using a folded monopole and a commonly adopted planar inverted F antenna (PIFA) on a platform with a very small form factor ( ${\bf{100}}\times {\bf{50}}\times {\bf{10}}\;\bf{mm}$ ). The proposed implementation is based on the synergy of two known techniques that consists in the: 1) reference ground plane geometry manipulation and 2) in the application of the characteristic mode theory to obtain orthogonal radiation modes. Since MIMO antenna systems at frequencies higher than 1.7 GHz are naturally proper isolated and decorreleated, this work demonstrates the proposed antenna topology enabling higher isolation and uncorrelated antenna system at 750 MHz, which is more difficult to achieve in form factors smaller than ${\bf{1}}\boldsymbol{\lambda}$ , while maintaining high total efficiency and adequate gain imbalance. In this paper, a simulation model and prototype ( ${\bf{1/4}}\boldsymbol{\lambda}$ long) measurement results are presented, demonstrating the implementation feasibility of such antenna system in realistic mobile device embodiment.

Wireless passive high-temperature sensor based on multifunctional reflective patch antenna up to 1050 degrees centigrade

Abstract: A novel wireless passive temperature sensor based on a reflective patch is demonstrated up to 1050 °C herein. This reflective patch acts as a patch resonator (temperature sensor) and an integrated antenna at the same time. The temperature sensing mechanism is the monotonic increase of the dielectric constant of alumina versus temperature, which reduces the resonant frequency of a patch resonator formed on such an alumina substrate. By properly designing the shape and dimensions of the patch, it can also act as a transmit/receive antenna for wireless passive sensing. Therefore, temperatures can be wirelessly sensed by measuring the resonant frequency of the temperature sensor using an interrogation antenna. This temperature sensor uses robust alumina and platinum materials for high-temperature applications. In addition, this wireless passive temperature sensor is simple in mechanical structure and low in profile, with the potential to be in conformal shape. A temperature sensor using this reflective patch was designed, fabricated and tested from 50 to 1050 °C in ambient. The resonant frequency of the sensor decreases from 5.07 to 4.58 GHz, which corresponds to a dielectric constant change from 9.7 to 11.4 for the alumina substrate. The temperature measurement sensitivity is found to be 0.58 MHz/°C at 1050 °C. Being wireless, passive, planar and low profile, the proposed high-temperature sensor can be used for various harsh-environment applications.

Wireless Passive Temperature Sensors Using Integrated Cylindrical Resonator/Antenna for Harsh-Environment Applications

Abstract: Wireless passive temperature sensors for harsh-environment applications based on cylindrical microwave cavity resonators are presented herein. Slot antennas are integrated with sensors with zero additional volume. The resonant frequencies of the sensors are determined by the dielectric constants of the ceramic materials, which monotonically increase versus temperature. Silicoboron carbonitride (SiBCN) ceramic materials, which are very robust inside harsh environments featuring high temperatures and corrosive gases, are optimized in this paper to reduce dielectric losses and increase sensing ranges and accuracies. A robust interrogation antenna is developed to wirelessly measure the sensors up to 1300 °C. Two sensors based on Si 6 B 1 and Si 4 B 1 ceramics are measured up to 1050 °C and 1300 °C, respectively, with a sensitivity of ~0.78 MHz/°C at 1050 °C. This type of wireless, passive, and robust sensor can be used for many harsh-environment applications, such as gas turbines.

Method and Apparatus for Directing an Antenna Beam based on a Location of a Communication Device

Abstract: A method is performed by a first communication device for directing an antenna beam based on a location of a second communication device. The method includes receiving first location data that indicates the location of the second communication device. The first location data is received over a first communication channel. The method further includes determining, based on the first location data, first antenna beam parameters for directing an antenna beam in order to communicate with the second communication device over a second communication channel.

Method and Apparatus for Voice Operation of Mobile Applications Having Unnamed View Elements

Abstract: A method and apparatus for voice operation of mobile applications having unnamed view elements includes an electronic computing device configured to determine that a view element for a mobile application is unnamed in a view hierarchy layout file for the mobile application and to enter a name for the view element in a data record. The method performed by the electronic computing device further includes receiving a voice command for an operation that invokes the view element. Additionally included in the method is determining, using the name for the view element, display coordinates for the view element and actuating the view element using the display coordinates.

Method and System for Audible Delivery of Notifications Partially Presented on an Always-On Display

Abstract: An electronic device includes one or more processors, a touch-sensitive display and an audio output operative in a first mode to produce an audible output at a first output level, and operable in a discreet mode operative to produce the audible output at a second output level that is less than a first output level The one or more processors can present a user actuation target or a portion of a notification at a location on the touch sensitive display The processors can then detect an object proximately located with touch-sensitive display at the location and a lifting gesture lifting the electronic device from a first elevation to a second elevation In response, the one or more processors can cause the audio output to deliver notification details as the audible output from an audio output device

Method and apparatus for setting a notification readout mode based on proximity detection

Abstract: A method 400 and apparatus for setting a notification readout mode based on proximity detection includes an electronic computing device configured to determine 402 that a notification readout function is enabled on the electronic computing device. The electronic computing device is further configured to determine 404 a proximity status for the electronic computing device using at least one sensor of the electronic computing device and to set 410 , based on the determined proximity status, a notification readout mode for the electronic computing device.

Fingerprint Sensor With Power Saving Operating Modes, and Corresponding Devices, Systems, and Methods

Abstract: A method in an electronic device having one or more processors operable a fingerprint sensor and one or more other sensors includes detecting, with a fingerprint sensor, false fingerprint data. After detecting the false fingerprint data, the method determines whether the electronic device is disposed within a pocket. Where the electronic device is disposed within the pocket, the method transitions the fingerprint sensor from an active mode to a low power or sleep mode.

Wearable device system with driver mode steering detection

Abstract: A system and method of operation involves collecting acceleration and gyroscope data from a first sensor positioned in a wearable device on a user's wrist and a second sensor located in a mobile device. The mobile device determines a trajectory for the wearable device by filtering the first sensor data using the second sensor data, and determines a probability of the user holding an automobile steering wheel using the trajectory. The method may also include determining a probability of the user holding an automobile steering wheel of a specific automobile selected from an automobile list. The disclosed system includes the wearable device and the mobile device.

Portable electronic device with dual, diagonal proximity sensors and mode switching functionality

Abstract: An electronic device includes a housing, a user interface, and one or more processors operable with the user interface. At least one proximity sensor component is operable with the one or more processors and can include an infrared signal receiver to receive an infrared emission from an object external to the housing. The one or more processors can be operable to actuate one or more user interface devices when the infrared signal receiver receives the infrared emission from an object external to the housing. The actuation can be a function of distance, in accordance with a prioritization, or combinations thereof.

Power-saving illumination for iris authentication

Abstract: In embodiments of power-saving illumination for iris authentication, a mobile device includes near infra-red lights that cycle sequentially to illuminate a face of a user of the mobile device. An eye location module can determine a position of the face of the user with respect to the mobile device based on sequential reflections of the near infra-red lights from the face of the user. The determined position also includes a distance of the face of the user from the mobile device as derived based on one of the near infra-red lights. The eye location module can then initiate illumination of an eye of the user with a subset of the near infra-red lights for a power-saving illumination based on the determined position of the face of the user with respect to the mobile device. An imager can then capture an image of the eye of the user for iris authentication.

Portable Electronic Device with Proximity Sensors for Gesture Control and Contact Detection

Abstract: A portable electronic device includes a housing having at least one major face. One or more processors are operable in the device. At least two discrete signal emitters are disposed along the at least one major face. At least two discrete signal receivers are also disposed along the at least one major face. A first discrete signal emitter is proximately located with a first discrete signal receiver to form a first discrete signal emitter-receiver pair, while a second discrete signal emitter is proximately located with a second discrete signal receiver to form a second discrete signal emitter-receiver pair. The first discrete signal emitter-receiver pair is distally located along the at least one major face from the second discrete signal emitter-receiver pair, and can receive gesture input in a first mode of operation and proximity input in a second mode of operation.

Acoustic and surface vibration authentication

Abstract: Systems and methods for authorizing a user of a portable communications device entail sampling a user utterance via both an air mic (audio mic) and a conduction mic (surface mic or bone conduction mic) The difference between these signals is unique to each user since the tissues of each user will differ with respect to audio conduction This difference may be characterized via a transform including magnitude, phase and time delay components If the transform for a prospective user matches a stored transform for an authorized user, then the prospective user may be granted access

Low-power iris authentication alignment

Abstract: In embodiments of low-power iris authentication alignment, a mobile device includes one or more dual-mode LEDs that is implemented for low-power illumination and high-power illumination. An eye location module can initiate the dual-mode LEDs for the low-power illumination to illuminate the face of a user of the mobile device. The eye location module can detect an alignment of the face of the user with respect to the mobile device, and determine a correct alignment for iris authentication based on the detected alignment of the face of the user utilizing the low-power illumination. The eye location module can then switch one or more of the dual-mode LEDs for the high-power illumination to illuminate of an eye (or both eyes) of the user based on the determination of the correct alignment, and activate an imager to capture an image of the eye (or eyes) of the user for iris authentication.

Finger Print State Integration with Non-Application Processor Functions for Power Savings in an Electronic Device

Abstract: A system includes a fingerprint sensor, an application processor, and an auxiliary processor. The application processor is operable to arm the fingerprint sensor prior to the application processor entering a low power or sleep mode. The auxiliary processor is to receive a state output from the fingerprint sensor. The state output is to cause activation of one or more functions of the auxiliary processor upon fingerprint authentication while leaving the application processor in the low power or sleep mode.

Fingerprint Sensor with Proximity Detection, and Corresponding Devices, Systems, and Methods

Abstract: An electronic device includes a housing and a user interface. One or more processors are operable with the user interface. The user interface includes a touch sensor that includes a fingerprint sensor and at least one proximity sensor component. The proximity sensor component can be collocated with a thermally conductive band circumscribing the fingerprint sensor, or can be concentrically located with the fingerprint sensor. The proximity sensor component can actuate the fingerprint sensor upon receiving an infrared emission from an object external to the housing. The fingerprint sensor or proximity sensor component can then be optionally used to control the electronic device.

Drowsy driver detection

Abstract: In embodiments of drowsy driver detection, a drowsy driver mode is initiated on a wearable wireless device being worn by a user in response to detecting that the user is driving a vehicle. The drowsy driver mode causes the wearable wireless device to use a first sensor to generate first sensor data which can be analyzed to detect a drowsy driver condition. In response to detecting the drowsy driver condition, a second sensor on the wearable wireless device is activated to generate second sensor data that can be analyzed to confirm the drowsy driver condition. In response to confirming the drowsy driver condition, one or more alerts are initiated. Generally, the alerts are intended to wake up the user, warn other passengers in the vehicle that the user is drowsy or otherwise impaired, and/or notify an emergency operator.

Hand grip sensor for external chassis antenna

Abstract: A method and system for detecting whether the position of a user's hand gripping a mobile communication device chassis affects an external antenna is provided. A sectioned metal band about a periphery of a mobile communication device has a radiating antenna in at least one metal section. The radiating antenna section is bounded on both sides by electrically floating metal sections. Each of the electrically floating metal sections is bounded on the side distal from the antenna section by a ground metal section. Each metal section separated from an adjacent metal section by an insulating gap. Embodiments measure a differential capacitance between the antenna section and the floating metal section and measure a single and capacitance between the floating metal section and the grounded section to determine whether a user's hand is bridging one or more of the insulating gaps.

Methods and systems for generating a map including sparse and dense mapping information

Abstract: Methods and systems for map generation are described. A computing device may receive outputs from a plurality of sensors at a position of the device in an environment, which may include data corresponding to visual features of the environment at the first position. Based on correspondence in the outputs from the plurality of sensors, the computing device may generate a map of the environment comprising sparse mapping data, and the sparse mapping data comprises the data corresponding to the visual features. The device may receive additional outputs at other positions of the device in the environment and may modify the map based on the additional outputs. In addition, the device may modify the map based on receiving dense mapping information from sensors, which may include data corresponding to objects in the environment in a manner such that represents a structure of the object in the environment.

Apparatus and method for reception and transmission of control channels

Abstract: A method and system of creating, transmitting, receiving and interpreting a subframe structure used in the communication between a base station and a device with mobile communication functionality is provided for use during communication on an unlicensed frequency spectrum. The system and subframe structure provides for the truncation of OFDM symbols within one or more subframe structures that often contain downlink control information and a method for determining a new location of the truncated downlink control information within the subframe structure.

Antenna link in ultra-thin device with single-piece metal housing

Abstract: An enhanced portable communication device includes a one-piece metal back plate with integral antennas. The one-piece metal back plate includes four integral antennas in an embodiment, forming an antenna pair at each end of the device. A printed circuit board (PCB) of the device is configured to drive one or more of the antennas capacitivly or, in an embodiment, via a direct feed.

Wearable electronic device and method for securing same

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a wearable device that is configured to secure itself based on signals received from a pulse sensor. According to one implementation, the pulse sensor includes a light source (e.g., a light-emitting diode) and a photo sensor. The light source, under the control of a processor, shines light having a particular wavelength (e.g., green or infrared). The photo sensor generates signals based on light that it senses. For example, when the light from the light source reflects off a person's skin, then the photo sensor will generate signals based on the reflected light that the photo sensor detects. In this manner, the wearable device can accurately determine whether it is being worn by a user (e.g., by taking a photoplethysmogram) and, when necessary, secure the wearable electronic device.

Method and Apparatus for Voice Control User Interface with Discreet Operating Mode

Abstract: An electronic device includes a voice control interface engine operative in a first mode to receive a speech command, through a microphone, from a first distance and produce, through a loudspeaker and in response to the speech command, an audible output at a first output level. One or more processors are operable with one or more sensors to detect a predefined user input. The one or more processors can then transition the voice control interface engine to a second mode operative to receive the speech command from a second distance and produce, in response to the speech command, the audible output at a second output level, where the second distance is less than the first distance and the second output level less than the first output level.

Method and apparatus for determining lens shading correction for a multiple camera device with various fields of view

Abstract: A method and apparatus can determine lens shading correction for a multiple camera device with various fields of view. According to a possible embodiment, a flat-field image can be captured using a first camera having a first lens for a multiple camera device. A first lens shading correction ratio can be ascertained for the first camera. A second lens shading correction ratio can be determined for a second camera having a second lens for the multiple camera device. The second camera can have a different field of view from the first camera. The second lens shading correction ratio can be based on the first lens shading correction ratio and can be based on the flat-field image acquired by the first camera.

Display system with independently controlled transmissive and reflective subpixels and method of use thereof

Abstract: A device (100) includes a display (102, 800) that is suitable for use under widely ranging lighting conditions. The display includes separately operable transmissive light modulator subpixels (402, 404, 406, 502, 504, 506, 602, 604, 606, 702, 704, 706, 808, 810, 812, 1036, 1136, 1204, 1304, 1404, 1504, 1716, 1916) that can be provided in at least three colors to provide a full color display but also includes separately operable reflective light modulator subpixels (408, 508, 608, 708, 814, 1038, 1138, 1202, 1302, 1402, 1502, 1714, 1914) that provide basic readability when light levels are so high (e.g., bright summer day) that the image presented by the transmissive light modulators would be difficult to discern. The reflective light modulators may be provided with in-pixel memory (526) so as to reduce the energy cost of providing always-on functioning for displaying certain time sensitive information.

Multimodal biometric authentication system and method with photoplethysmography (PPG) bulk absorption biometric

Abstract: A multimodal biometric authentication system utilizes a bulk absorption characteristic of human tissue that is measurable using a photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor. One disclosed method of operation includes extracting bulk absorption features from biometric data obtained using a PPG sensor and generating a first biometric template. Additional biometric features are also extracted from biometric data obtained using a second biometric sensor and a second biometric template is also generated. An authentication output signal is provided in response to the first biometric template matching a first enrolled biometric template and the second biometric template matching a second enrolled biometric template.

Smart Watch with Power Saving Timekeeping Only Functionality and Methods Therefor

Abstract: A smart watch includes a watch casing with a display disposed along the watch casing. One or more processors are operable with the display. An energy storage device powers the one or more processors. When an amount of stored energy in the energy storage device is above a predefined threshold, the one or more processors perform a timekeeping function and at least one additional function. When the amount of stored energy in the energy storage device falls below the predefined threshold, the one or more processors disable the at least one additional function while continuing to perform the timekeeping function.

On-Demand Activation of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Tag

Abstract: In embodiments of on-demand RFID tag activation, an RFID tag is configured so as to enable a person to activate the RFID tag if or when the person wishes. An RFID tag includes an integrated circuit (IC), an antenna coupled to the IC, activation circuitry, and a detachable disable tab. For an example implementation, the RFID tag is in an active state if the IC is capable of responding to an interrogation signal and is in an inactive state if the IC is incapable of responding to an interrogation signal. The activation circuitry is configured to establish the inactive state if the disable tab is attached to the RFID tag or to establish the active state if the disable tab is detached from the RFID tag. The disable tab, if attached to the RFID tag, may impose a short-circuit linkage against the activation circuitry to prevent operation of the tag.