Showing papers by "Nagoya University published in 1990"
TL;DR: In this article, a newly synthesized isoquinolinesulfonamide, H-89 (N-[2-(p-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]-5-isoquinoline-sulfoneamide), was shown to have a potent and selective inhibitory action against cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase A), with an inhibition constant of 0.048 +/- 0.008 microM.
1,537 citations
TL;DR: Results suggest that KN-62 affects the interaction between calmodulin and Ca2+/CaM kinase II following inhibition of this kinase activity by directly binding to theCalmodulin binding site of the enzyme but does not affect the cal modulin-independent activity of already autophosphorylated (activated) enzyme.
623 citations
TL;DR: From 1979 through 1989, surgical resection was performed in 55 of 66 patients with carcinoma of the hepatic hilus after improving jaundice by percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage and selective cholangiography through PTBD to define precisely the anatomical location—extent of the obstructing lesion in each segmental hepatic duct.
Abstract: From 1979 through 1989, surgical resection was performed in 55 of 66 patients with carcinoma of the hepatic hilus after improving jaundice by percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD). Selective cholangiography through PTBD was done to define precisely the anatomical location--extent of the obstructing lesion in each segmental hepatic duct. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy was performed through the sinus tract of PTBD after replacing the drainage catheter with a 15 French catheter for superselective cholangiography and biopsy to make the definitive diagnosis of the histological extent of the tumor and any variation of each segmental hepatic duct that joins the hepatic hilus. In 46 (69.7%) of 66 patients, curative resection was possible. Forty-five of these underwent various types of hepatic segmentectomy with caudate lobectomy for a morbidity rate of 41.3% and an operative mortality rate of 6.4%. Fourteen (31.1%) advanced cases underwent combined resection of the portal vein together with hepatectomy. Microscopic tumor involvement in the caudate branches was confirmed in 44 of 45 patients who underwent caudate lobe resection. The 3-year survival rate for all 43 patients surviving the curative excision was 55.1% and the 5-year survival rate was 40.5%. All 11 patients who had an unresectable advanced tumor died within 9 months. Curative resection should be designed according to the preoperative findings of the extent of cancer in each segmental duct, and caudate lobe resection should be performed together with the smallest necessary hepatic segmentectomy possible.
445 citations
TL;DR: In this article, spinor and oscillator representations of quantum enveloping algebras of typeAN−1,BN,CN,DN and AN−1(1) were constructed.
Abstract: We introduceq-analogues of Clifford and Weyl algebras. Using these, we construct spinor and oscillator representations of quantum enveloping algebras of typeAN−1,BN,CN,DN andAN−1(1). Also we discuss the irreducibility and the unitarity of these representations.
434 citations
TL;DR: An Intron-GUS reporter gene which contains a modified intron of the castor bean catalase gene within the N-terminal part of the β-glucuronidase coding sequence was constructed, suggesting splicing of the intron occured in tobacco cells.
Abstract: An Intron-GUS reporter gene which contains a modified intron of the castor bean catalase gene within the N-terminal part of the β-glucuronidase (GUS) coding sequence was constructed. When the Intron-GUS reporter gene placed downstream of the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter (35S-Intron-GUS) was introduced into protoplasts of tobacco suspension-cultured cells by electroporation, expression of GUS activity was observed suggesting splicing of the intron occured in tobacco cells
421 citations
TL;DR: It appears that recombinant human granulocyte CSF is safe in acute leukemia, accelerating neutrophil recovery and thereby reducing the incidence of documented infection without affecting the regrowth of leukemic cells.
Abstract: Background Although colony-stimulating factors have been shown to accelerate recovery from severe neutropenia after intensive chemotherapy or bone marrow transplantation, their use in acute leukemia has been controversial because in vitro they stimulate leukemic colonies as well as normal granulocyte colonies Methods We conducted a prospective, randomized, controlled study to determine the safety and efficacy of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (CSF) after a standard course of intensive therapy in 108 patients with relapsed or refractory acute leukemia (67 with acute myelogenous leukemia, 30 with acute lymphocytic leukemia, 9 in blast crisis from chronic myelogenous leukemia, and 2 with acute leukemia arising from myelodysplastic syndromes) Treatment with granulocyte CSF (200 micrograms per square meter of body-surface area per day in a 30-minute infusion) was begun two days after the end of the chemotherapy and continued until the neutrophil count rose above 1500 per cubic millimeter Results Treatment with granulocyte CSF accelerated the recovery of neutrophils significantly (P less than 001), shortening it by about a week, but it had no effect on platelet recovery Although the incidence of febrile episodes was almost the same, documented infections were significantly less frequent in the group treated with granulocyte CSF (P = 0028) There was no evidence that granulocyte CSF accelerated the regrowth of leukemic cells Fifty percent of 48 patients in the CSF group who could be evaluated and 36 percent of 50 controls had complete remission The rate of relapse was almost the same in the two groups Conclusions It appears that recombinant human granulocyte CSF is safe in acute leukemia, accelerating neutrophil recovery and thereby reducing the incidence of documented infection without affecting the regrowth of leukemic cells It should be used with caution, however, pending further confirmation of these early results
372 citations
TL;DR: Results indicate that age-related accumulation of deleted mtDNA is accelerated in the parkinsonian striatum and suggest that the deletion contributes to pathophysiological processes underlying Parkinson's disease.
356 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a method of tomographic inversion to obtain three-dimensional velocity perturbations in the Earth's whole mantle has been developed, and applied to more than two million P-wave arrival time data reported by International Seismology Center (ISC).
333 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the electron density map of an Si crystal is drawn by the maximum entropy method (MEM) with 30 structure factors which were determined very accurately on an absolute scale by the Pendellosung method.
Abstract: The electron-density map of an Si crystal is drawn by the maximum-entropy method (MEM) with 30 structure factors which were determined very accurately on an absolute scale by the Pendellosung method [Saka & Kato (1986). Acta Cryst. A42, 469-478]. It is shown that the following three beneficial points arise from the use of the MEM for accurate structure analysis. Firstly, a precise electron-density map can be obtained; the existence of bonding electrons is clearly visible in the maximum-entropy map, even though no forbidden reflections are included in the analysis. The structure factors calculated from the maximum-entropy map for the 222 and the 442 forbidden reflections show good agreement with those measured by different experiments. The final R factor was 0.05% as a consequence of the high accuracy of the measured structure factors. Secondly, there is no need to seek a better structural model which could be a complicated and time-consuming process in accurate structure analysis. Thirdly, the resolution of the maximum-entropy map is much higher than that of the map drawn by conventional Fourier transformation. It is also found in the case of silicon that phase information is not absolutely necessary because exactly the same density-distribution map can be obtained without any phase information as the map drawn with all the phase information.
328 citations
13 May 1990
TL;DR: An optimal structure decision method which can determine cell type, arrangement, degree of freedom, and link length is proposed, which can be used for fixed-base and mobile-base manipulators, so that universal/modular manipulators can be made.
Abstract: The authors propose an optimal structure decision method which can determine cell type, arrangement, degree of freedom, and link length. It can be used for fixed-base and mobile-base manipulators, so that universal/modular manipulators can be made. Simulation results show the differences in evaluation for different candidates and tasks and also demonstrate that the structure decision method works efficiently. With respect to the software structure, optimal knowledge allocation is one of the most important issues for CEBOT. The authors propose a method of optimal knowledge allocation based on the amount of communication among cells. Communication among cells for the control proposed is described. >
272 citations
TL;DR: Results show that endothelium-derived contracting factor is produced and released by acetylcholine stimulation not only in the aorta of SHR but also in those of WKY rats and suggest that prostaglandin H2, a precursor of the released prostag Landinins, is a strong candidate for endot Helium- derived contracting factor produced by acetelcholine stimulating.
Abstract: The present experiment was performed to identify endothelium-derived contracting factor produced by acetylcholine stimulation in the aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. The rings of the thoracic aorta were obtained from age-matched SHR and WKY rats, and changes in isometric tension were recorded. The relaxant responses to acetylcholine in the aortic rings from SHR were significantly weaker than those from WKY rats. The relaxant responses to acetylcholine were significantly enhanced by pretreatment with a cyclooxygenase inhibitor (indomethacin) or thromboxane A2/prostaglandin H2 receptor antagonist (ONO-3708) in aortic rings from both SHR and WKY rats. A thromboxane A2 synthetase inhibitor (OKY-046) did not affect the acetylcholine-induced relaxation in the aortic rings from SHR or WKY rats. In the organ bath solution, after acetylcholine stimulation, prostaglandin E2 and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha concentrations increased but not prostaglandin F2 alpha and thromboxane B2 concentrations. Exogenous prostaglandin H2, a stable analogue of thromboxane A2, and prostaglandin F2 alpha induced contractions of the SHR rings at a lower concentration than prostaglandin E2, prostaglandin D2, and prostaglandin I2. These contractile responses to various prostaglandins were markedly inhibited by pretreatment with ONO-3708. A prostacyclin synthetase inhibitor did not affect the relaxant responses to acetylcholine in the SHR rings. These results show that endothelium-derived contracting factor is produced and released by acetylcholine stimulation not only in the aorta of SHR but also in those of WKY rats and suggest that prostaglandin H2, a precursor of the released prostaglandins, is a strong candidate for endothelium-derived contracting factor produced by acetylcholine stimulation.
TL;DR: The term 'monogamy' represents a complex of mating systems that has been relalively neglected and new advances in testing genetic relatedness, especially DNA fingerprinting, promise much for the assessment of individual costs and benefits of monogamy.
Abstract: The term 'monogamy' represents a complex of mating systems that has been relalively neglected. Monogamy is generally associated with significant biparental care and is most common among birds. Recent work has addressed such aspects as the evolutionary incentives for (and value of) contributions by the male parent, how the distributions of females and critical nesting resources can promote monogamy, male defense of genetic paternity, the causes of long-term mate-retention in certain species, and the subtle means by which sexual selection operates within basically monogamous systems. New advances in testing genetic relatedness, especially DNA fingerprinting, promise much for the assessment of individual costs and benefits of monogamy.
TL;DR: It is shown that the death caused by deprivation of FGF is active death or apoptosis, and the process of apoptosis can be inhibited by cycloheximide, an inhibitor of protein synthesis.
TL;DR: In this paper, a new definition of instantaneous reactive power is presented, which includes both the conventional instantaneous reactive powers and the instantaneous power of a zero-phase component, and a simple control algorithm for the active filter derived from the new definition is described.
Abstract: A new definition of instantaneous reactive power is presented. This definition has a clear physical meaning that includes both the conventional instantaneous reactive power and the instantaneous power of a zero-phase component. A simple control algorithm for the active filter derived from the new definition is described. Simulations verified the control algorithm. >
TL;DR: A model is proposed for the molecular mechanism underlying the osmotic regulation through phosphorylation of the activator (OmpR) by the membrane‐locate kinase (EnvZ) of Escherichia coli outer‐membrane porin proteins.
Abstract: Expression of Escherichia coli outer-membrane porin proteins (OmpF and OmpC) is regulated by the osmolarity of the medium. EnvZ and OmpR, which are positive regulatory factors for the transcriptional osmotic regulation of the ompF and ompC genes, belong to a group of two-component regulatory factors that respond to a variety of environmental stimuli in bacteria. EnvZ-OmpR phosphotransfer was revealed to be involved in signal transduction in response to an osmotic stimulus, and to play a crucial physiological role in the consequent osmotic activation of the porin genes. Based on the various lines of experimental evidence, a model is proposed for the molecular mechanism underlying the osmotic regulation through phosphorylation of the activator (OmpR) by the membrane-located kinase (Env2).
TL;DR: Chiral metal complexes precisely discriminate between enantiotopic atoms, groups, or faces in achiral molecules and catalyze production of a broad array of natural or unnatural substances of excellent enantiomeric purity.
Abstract: As molecular recognition continues to gain importance in the biological and physical sciences as well as in the technologies of molecular electronics and optics, so has the need for efficient syntheses of chiral molecules. Chemists are fulfilling this need through use of chiral organometallic molecules. These chiral metal complexes precisely discriminate between enantiotopic atoms, groups, or faces in achiral molecules and catalyze production of a broad array of natural or unnatural substances of excellent enantiomeric purity. Because of their ability to efficiently multiply chirality, even on an industrial level, these catalysts promise to exert a general impact on molecular science and engineering.
17 Apr 1990
TL;DR: The mechanism of the sensitive and stable large Barkhausen effects of as-cast amorphous magnetostrictive wires having three composition systems was investigated using measured values of stress-induced anisotropy constant saturation magnetostriction, residual internal stress, and MH hysteresis loop squareness as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The mechanism of the sensitive and stable large Barkhausen effects of as-cast amorphous magnetostrictive wires having three composition systems was investigated using measured values of stress-induced anisotropy constant saturation magnetostriction, residual internal stress, and MH hysteresis loop squareness M/sub r//M/sub s/ The entire composition range of FeCo is compared to FeCr with up to 10 at% and FeNi with Ni up to 12 at% Matteucci effects were also investigated in magnetostrictive and nonmagnetostrictive amorphous wires magnetized with a longitudinal AC field, AC wire current, or AC field perpendicular to the wire axis >
TL;DR: The complementary DNAs encoding PTTH of the silkmoth Bombyx mori were cloned and characterized, and the complete amino acid sequence was deduced, indicating that PTTH is first synthesized as a 224-amino acid polypeptide precursor containing three proteolytic cleavage signals.
Abstract: Prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH), a brain secretory polypeptide of insects, stimulates the prothoracic glands to produce and release ecdysone, the steroid essential to insect development. The complementary DNAs encoding PTTH of the silkmoth Bombyx mori were cloned and characterized, and the complete amino acid sequence was deduced. The data indicated that PTTH is first synthesized as a 224-amino acid polypeptide precursor containing three proteolytic cleavage signals. The carboxyl-terminal component (109 amino acids) that follows the last cleavage signal represents one PTTH subunit. Two PTTH subunits are linked together by disulfide bonds, before or after cleavage from prepro-PTTH, to form a homodimeric PTTH. When introduced into Escherichia coli cells, the complementary DNA directed the expression of an active substance that was functionally indistinguishable from natural PTTH. In situ hybridization showed the localization of the prepro-PTTH mRNA to two dorsolateral neurosecretory cells of the Bombyx brain.
TL;DR: The results indicate that phenotype of the mutant mtDNA as Parkinson's disease is expressed when the proportion of deleted mtDNA to normal mtDNA exceeds a threshold of ten times higher value than in the normal subject.
TL;DR: It is shown that a group of aldoses can markedly enhance acetosyringone-dependent expression of vir genes when the concentration of acetosYringone is limited but does not enhance the expression of noninducible genes.
Abstract: Most virulence (vir) genes of Agrobacterium tumefaciens that are required for the formation of crown gall tumors are expressed in response to such plant signal molecules as acetosyringone and lignin precursors. The phenolic signals are transduced through a receptor VirA protein in the inner membrane of the bacterial cell. The expression of these genes triggers the transfer of a specific DNA segment, called transferred DNA (T-DNA), from the Ti plasmid to plant cells, and its integration into their nuclear DNA. We show here that a group of aldoses (L-arabinose, D-xylose, D-lyxose, D-glucose, D-mannose, D-idose, D-galactose, and D-talose) can markedly enhance acetosyringone-dependent expression of vir genes when the concentration of acetosyringone is limited (10 microM) but does not enhance the expression of noninducible genes. Likewise, a 2-deoxy-D-glucose, a nonmetabolized sugar, is also effective. When a deletion was introduced into the virA gene in the region encoding the periplasmic portion of the VirA protein, enhancement by glucose disappeared, but vir expression was induced by acetosyringone in this mutant. These results suggest that these sugars directly enhance a signaling process initiated by phenolic inducers that results in an increase in expression of the vir genes.
TL;DR: Findings indicate that the stimulating effect of the intron on GUS expression is correlated with an efficient splicing of pre-mRNA and an increased level of mature mRNA.
Abstract: The first intron of castor bean catalase gene, cat-1 was placed in the N-terminal region of the coding sequence of the beta-glucuronidase gene (gusA) and the intron-containing gusA was used with the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter. Using this plasmid, pIG221, the effect of the intron on expression of beta-glucuronidase (GUS) activity was examined in transgenic rice calli and plants (a monocotyledon), and transgenic tobacco plants (a dicotyledon). The intron-containing plasmid increased the level of GUS enzyme activity 10 to 40-fold and 80 to 90-fold compared with the intronless plasmid, pBI221, in transgenic rice protoplasts and transgenic rice tissues, respectively. In contrast, the presence of the intron hardly influenced the expression of the GUS activity in transgenic tobacco plants. Northern blot analysis showed that the catalase intron was efficiently spliced in rice cells while transgenic tobacco plants contained both spliced and unspliced gusA transcripts in equal amounts. Furthermore, the level of the mature gusA transcript in transformed rice calli was greatly increased in the presence of the intron. The catalase intron was removed at the same splice junctions in transgenic rice and tobacco plants. These findings indicate that the stimulating effect of the intron on GUS expression is correlated with an efficient splicing of pre-mRNA and an increased level of mature mRNA.
TL;DR: In this paper, the nucleophilic addition of dialkylzincs to aldehydes in hydrocarbon solvents is markedly accelerated by the presence of a catalytic amount of a β-dialkylamino alcohol.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured velocities of single crystal MgO (periclase) and MgAl2O4 (spinel) under hydrostatic pressure.
Abstract: Ultrasonic velocities of single crystal MgO (periclase) and MgAl2O4 (spinel) were measured up to 7.78 GPa and 6.16 GPa, respectively, under hydrostatic pressure. The present success was attained by making various technical developments, such as a liquid-solid hybrid system and indium bond between sample and buffer-rod. Analytical procedures were also developed both in required corrections for apparent travel times, and in formulation of pressure effect on elasticity. A distinct shear softening was found in MgAl2O4, and was predicted to occur in MgO beyond 30 GPa. Isothermal equation of state of MgO was derived by combining the present results with shock hugoniot. Heat capacity, Gruneisen constant, and coefficient of thermal expansivity of MgO at high pressures were calculated by means of a new model equation of state. Negative thermal expansivity is expected to take place in MgO above -50 GPa. The pressure derivative of rigidity of γ-Mg2SiO4 is estimated to be 0.56-1.0 by means of a lattice dynamic analogy with MgAl2O4; the lower margin of the estimate leads to the pressure-induced shear softening of γ-Mg2SiO4 in the earth's upper mantle.
TL;DR: A protein which preferentially bind to a curved DNA sequence even in the presence of an excess amount of a non-curved DNA sequence as a competitor was found to be inhibited by distamycin, which removes the curvature from appropriate DNA sequences.
Abstract: We attempted to find Escherichia coli proteins which preferentially bind to a curved DNA sequence even in the presence of an excess amount of a non-curved DNA sequence as a competitor, mainly by means of a DNA-binding gel retardation assay. Since the two sequences used had nearly the same nucleotide compositions, including consecutive dA5 stretches, we reasoned that this strategy would allow us to identify proteins which preferentially recognize an overall DNA curvature. We purified such a protein from E. coli. Its preferential binding to the curved DNA was found to be inhibited by distamycin, which removes the curvature from appropriate DNA sequences. The purified protein was identified as the E. coli nucleoid protein, H-NS.
TL;DR: From the results, mitochondrial DNA mutations could also be an important contributory factor to cardiomyopathy.
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of observational results concerning the solar cycle dependence of the global structure of solar wind speed distribution during the years from 1973 to 1987 is given, where the low-speed regions tend to be distributed along neutral lines which are derived on the source surface.
Abstract: A review is given of observational results concerning the solar cycle dependence of the global structure of solar wind speed distribution during the years from 1973 to 1987. Since observations of solar wind speed in 3-dimensional space can only be made by the interplanetary scintillation method which has been carried out over one sunspot activity cycle since the early 1970's, the review is based on IPS observations. The low-speed regions tend to be distributed along neutral lines which are derived on the source surface, so comparisons between speed distribution and the neutral line are discussed.
TL;DR: It is found that the MS1-EL4 cells contributed to various tissues and expressed beta-gal activity, including not only descendants of the inner cell mass but also the trophectoderm-derived extraembryonic ectoderm.
TL;DR: The TIMP level in the sera of 38 rheumatoid arthritis patients was significantly higher than that of 81 healthy subjects, suggesting that the increase in TIMP seen in RA sera can not be ascribed merely to an increase in platelet-derived TIMP.
TL;DR: A review of the literature on constitutive modeling of cyclic plasticity and viscoplasticity of metallic materials is presented in this article, where the authors dealt with multiaxial behavior such as hardening and flow of materials under nonproportional loading, inelastic behavior at elevated temperature especially under plasticity-creep interaction conditions, hardening behavior under thermomechanical loading, ratcheting behavior under uniaxially and multiaxonial cyclic loads, and similarities between models.
Abstract: This article is concerned with a review of the literature on recent topics in constitutive modeling of cyclic plasticity and viscoplasticity of metallic materials. The subjects dealt with are: (1) multiaxial behavior such as hardening and flow of materials under nonproportional loading, (2) inelastic behavior at elevated temperature especially under plasticity-creep interaction conditions, (3) hardening behavior under thermomechanical loading, (4) ratcheting behavior under uniaxial and multiaxial cyclic loads, and (5) similarities between models. The literature published in the last five years is mainly reviewed.