Showing papers by "Nankai University published in 1998"
TL;DR: In this article, the relativistic mean field (RMF) theory was used to construct the EOS of homogeneous nuclear matter, where heavy nuclei are formed together with free nucleon gas.
777 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the relativistic mean field (RMF) theory was used to construct the equation of state of nuclear matter at finite temperature and density with various proton fractions within the RMF theory for use in supernova simulations.
Abstract: We construct the equation of state (EOS) of nuclear matter at finite temperature and density with various proton fractions within the relativistic mean field (RMF) theory for use in supernova simulations. We consider nuclei, alpha-particles, protons and neutrons in equilibrium at densities smaller than about PB '" 10 14 . 2 g/cm 3 by minimizing the free energy of the nuclear matter. The calculation is based on the RMF theory with the parameter set TM1, which has been demonstrated to provide good accounts of the ground state and excited state properties of finite nuclei. We tabulate the outcome for various densities in terms of the pressure, free energy, entropy, etc. at a sufficiently large number of mesh points in the density range PB = 10 5 . 1 '" 10 15 .4 g/cm 3 , the temperature range T = a '" 100 MeV and the proton fraction range Yp = a '" 0.56 to be used for supernova simulations.
373 citations
TL;DR: Kinetics of binding of the two compounds to DNA are firstly studied using ethidium bromide as a fluorescence probe with stopped-flow spectrophotometer under pseudo-first-order condition, and stronger binding of two steps in the process of the compounds interacting with DNA are observed.
181 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used non-living Rhizopus nigricans obtained as a waste byproduct from the pharmaceutical fermentation industry for adsorption of lead over a range of metal ion concentrations, adsorization time, pH and co-ions.
172 citations
TL;DR: The studies indicated that Safranine T could intercalate into the stack base pairs of DNA and showed that electrostatic binding played an important role in the interaction of ST with DNA.
163 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a direct analytic approach to the Guillemin-Sternberg conjecture was presented, which showed that geometric quantization commutes with symplectic reduction, which was proved recently by Meinrenken [M1, [M2] and Vergne [V1], [V2] et al.
Abstract: We present a direct analytic approach to the Guillemin-Sternberg conjecture [GS] that `geometric quantization commutes with symplectic reduction', which was proved recently by Meinrenken [M1], [M2] and Vergne [V1], [V2] et al. Besides providing a new proof of this conjecture, our methods also lead immediately to further extensions in various contexts.
144 citations
TL;DR: Experimental results indicate that the proposed illumination-independent statistical change detection method detects changes accurately in the time-varying illumination case.
Abstract: In this paper, an illumination-independent statistical change detection method is proposed. The proposed method consists of two parts. First, based on our defined circular shift moments, structural changes can be distinguished from those due to time-varying illumination in the noise-free case. Moreover, the amount of computation is less than that of the shading model method. Second, in the light of the characteristics of the defined moments, a statistical decision rule is also proposed to cope with the effects of noise. The change detection problem can be treated as one of hypothesis testing. Critical values can be chosen according to the desired level of significance. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method detects changes accurately in the time-varying illumination case.
116 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the catalytic properties of zeolite beta in the tert-butylation of phenol are reported, and the influence of various reaction parameters such as temperature, space velocity, molar ratio of the reactants are discussed.
Abstract: The catalytic properties of zeolite beta in the tert-butylation of phenol are reported. The influence of various reaction parameters such as temperature, space velocity, molar ratio of the reactants are discussed. Medium acid sites on zeolite Hβ are advantageous in producing p-TBP, and that of strong acid sites are helpful for the formation of 2,4-DTBP, while weak acid sites are effective in producing o-TBP. In order to enhance the selectivity of p-TBP, a proper reaction temperature (418 K), lower reactant ratio (molar ratio) and moderate acidities on zeolite Hβ are recommended. On the basis of the behaviour obtained in the cases mentioned, information about the reaction path models is provided.
94 citations
TL;DR: Practical guidelines suggest that a mutistep mechanism would be followed if the energy gap of the initial electron transfer between the NADH model compound and the reducing substrate is considerably smaller than the empirical critical limit of 1.0 V for an endothermic e(-)(T).
Abstract: Free energy changes of each elementary step involved in the formal hydride transfer (H(-)(T)) reactions (including the so-called "one-step" H(-)(T) and "multistep" H(-)(T) mechanisms) of the reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) models with various cations and quinones (17) were investigated either by direct thermodynamic measurements or by calculations from thermochemical cycles. Based on the energetic data thus derived, combined with kinetic observations (particularly kinetic isotope effects), the mechanistic characteristics of the NADH-mediated reductions were systematically analyzed. Practical guidelines that resulted from these analyses suggest that a mutistep mechanism (e(-)-H(*) or e(-)-H(+)-e(-)) would be followed if the energy gap of the initial electron transfer [DeltaG(e(-)(T))] between the NADH model compound and the reducing substrate is considerably smaller than the empirical critical limit of 1.0 V for an endothermic e(-)(T). In contrast, if DeltaG(e(-)(T)) is much greater than 1.0 V, a concerted one-step H(-)(T) may take place. The guideline also suggests that a "hybrid" mechanism is possible if the DeltaG(e(-)(T)) is in an intermdiate situation.
88 citations
TL;DR: A series of β-cyclodextrin derivatives, carrying pyridinio (4−6), phosphonyl (7, 8), seleno (9−11), m- and p-picolinyl (12, 13), o-chloroanilino (16), 8-quinolyl (17), furfuryl (18), and 9-fluorenyl (19) moieties in the side chain, were newly synthesized, and their complexation behavior was assessed and discussed thermodynamically, using l-tryptophan
Abstract: A series of β-cyclodextrin derivatives, carrying pyridinio (4−6), phosphonyl (7, 8), seleno (9−11), m- and p-picolinyl (12, 13), o-chloroanilino (16), 8-quinolyl (17), furfuryl (18), and 9-fluorenyl (19) moieties in the side chain, were newly synthesized, and their complexation behavior was assessed and discussed thermodynamically, using l-tryptophan and a few naphthalene derivatives as representative guests. Calorimetric titrations have been performed at 25.0 °C in buffered aqueous solution (pH 7.20) to give the complex stability constants and thermodynamic parameters for the 1:1 inclusion complexation of these guests with the native and modified α-, β-, and/or γ-cyclodextrins (1−20). All of the chemical modifications to the primary side of cyclodextrins examined led to significant changes in complex stability and thermodynamic parameters, which are elucidated in terms of the conformational, electrostatic, hydrogen-bonding, and hydration effects. Thermodynamically, the inclusion complexation is mainly en...
77 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the dynamics of a two-level system coupled to an environmental sea of infinitely many spin-1/2 particles is investigated by use of the resolvent operator approach.
Abstract: The dynamics of a two-level system which is coupled to an environmental sea of infinitely many spin-1/2 particles is investigated by use of the resolvent operator approach. Only at zero temperature does this spin-spin-bath model exhibit identical behavior as the more familiar spin-boson model. It is found that increasing temperature favors coherent dynamics. At high temperatures, the spin-spin-bath model for an Ohmic spectral density sustains a coherent dynamics if the dissipation coefficient $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ is sufficiently small, i.e., $\ensuremath{\alpha}l1/2$; while the decoherence exhibits pure exponential decay if $\ensuremath{\alpha}g1/2$.
TL;DR: In this paper, the surface of spherical nickel hydroxide has been used as a surface modifying method of active material for positive electrodes of rechargeable alkaline batteries, and cyclic voltammetric studies have shown that the electrodes exhibit higher oxygen overpotential and much more reversibility than ones of pure nickel hydride or nickel hyroxide with 5 wt.% cobalt added as a conductor.
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TL;DR: For a continuous curve of families of Dirac type operators, a higher spectral flow can be computed analytically by η-forms and related to the family index in the same way as the spectral flow is related to index as mentioned in this paper.
TL;DR: The results showed that the activities of these complexes are significantly dependent on the nature of the alkyl groups on the coordinated amine moieties, and three of these palladium complexes showed lower ID50 values against the two cell lines than cisplatin.
TL;DR: The N-P+−S phosphenium cations 1, 2 and 3 have been prepared by treatment of the respective precursor chlorophosphines4, 5 and 6 with the stoichiometric quantity of AlCl3 in CH2C12 solution.
Abstract: The N-P+−S phosphenium cations1, 2 and 3 have been prepared by treatment of the respective precursor chlorophosphines4, 5 and 6 with the stoichiometric quantity of AlCl3 in CH2C12 solution. The cations 3 are noteworthy that they are the first aliphatic phospheniurn cations featuring a P-S bond. That the values of 31P chemical shifts of phosphenium cations 3 are larger than those of aliphatic N-P+−N and N-P+−Cl cations characterize a relative inferior π-donor ability of RS group to R2N group and to Cl. The exo conformation of group at sulfur to dialkylamino group in 3 is proposed on the rare steric effect on 31P chemical shifts of substitutes at sulfur.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that Hayek's theory of economic fluctuations can help to explain the contraction of the real estate market in 1994 in China as a whole, but as a theory of the closed economy, it is no longer robust when applied to cities where there is heavy foreign direct investment, such as Shanghai.
Abstract: This paper discusses the development of real estate industry in China in recent years. It argues that Hayek's theory of economic fluctuations can help to explain the contraction of the real estate market in 1994 in China as a whole. However, as a theory of the closed economy, Hayek's theory is found to be no longer robust when applied to cities where there is heavy foreign direct investment, such as Shanghai. We believe that it is the foreign direct investment that is making the real estate industry in Shanghai perform well, despite the government's tight monetary policy and the contraction of the industry in other parts of the country over the same period. The paper also argues that, while most foreign investment in real estate is classified as direct investment, it is very different from 'typical' foreign direct investment except in form and in fact shares most of the characteristics of portfolio investment. Foreign direct investment in real estate reflects the imperfections of China's capital markets.
TL;DR: In general, it is shown that binary optimum constant-weight codes can be constructed from optimum codes over GF(q) which achieve the Plotkin bound.
Abstract: Two methods of constructing binary constant-weight codes from (1) codes over GF(q) and (2) constant-weight codes over GF(q) are presented. Several classes of binary optimum constant-weight codes are derived from these methods. In general, we show that binary optimum constant-weight codes, which achieve the Johnson bound, can be constructed from optimum codes over GF(q) which achieve the Plotkin bound. Finally, several classes of optimum constant-weight codes over GF(q) are constructed.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore the synthesis, characterization and electroluminescence performance of a conjugated polymer, poly(2,5-diphenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazolyl)-4,4′-vinylene (O-PPV).
TL;DR: A solid-state Michael addition between pyrazolone 1 and 4-arylidenepyrazolones 2 at ambient temperature produced Michael adducts, 4,4′-arylidenebis(3-methyl-1-phenyl-5-pyrazolons).
TL;DR: In this paper, a new complex, [Sm(DMF)4(H2O)4Fe(CN)6]·H 2O (DMF = N, N-dimethylformamide), has been synthesized and characterized by X-ray single crystal structure and thermogravimetric analyses.
Abstract: A new complex, [Sm(DMF)4(H2O)4Fe(CN)6]·H2O (DMF = N, N-dimethylformamide), has been synthesized and characterized by X-ray single crystal structure and thermogravimetric analyses The complex crystallizes in the P21/n space group, with lattice parameters a = 17583(4) A, b = 8870(2) A, c = 19845(6) A, β = 9598(3)°, V = 3078(1) A3, D
x = 1679 Mg m−3, D
m = 165(1) Mg m−3, Z = 4 The molecular structure shows that a cyano-bridged bimetallic structure is obtained The Sm atom is coordinated by eight oxygen atoms of four water molecules and four DMF molecules and one nitrogen atom of the bridging cyanide ligand The iron atom assumes approximately an octahedral environment surrounded by six CN ligands The hydrate water molecule is hydrogen-bonded to one of the O atoms bound to Sm Each terminal CN ligand of the Fe(CN)
6
3−
entity is hydrogen-bonded to some O atoms of water molecules An infrared spectrum is also reported
Journal Article•
TL;DR: It is considered that certain dihydropyridine type calcium channel blockers would cause turbid peritoneal dialysate being similar to that observed in patients developing infective peritonitis.
Abstract: We previously reported that manidipine, a new dihydropyridine type calcium channel blocker, produced chylous peritoneal dialysate being visually indistinguishable from infective peritonitis in 5 patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) [Yoshimoto et al. 1993]. To study whether such an adverse drug reaction would also be elicited by other commonly prescribed calcium channel blockers in CAPD patients, we have conducted postal inquiry to 15 collaborating hospitals and an institutional survey in International Medical Center of Japan as to the possible occurrence of calcium channel blocker-associated non-infective, turbid peritoneal dialysate in CAPD patients. Our diagnostic criteria for drug-induced turbidity of dialysate as a) it developed within 48 h after the administration of a newly introduced calcium channel blocker to the therapeutic regimen, b) absence of clinical symptoms of peritoneal inflammation (i.e., pyrexia, abdominal pain, nausea or vomiting), c) the fluid containing normal leukocyte counts and being negative for bacterial and fungal culture of the fluid, and d) it disappeared shortly after the withdrawal of the assumed causative agent. Results showed that 19 out of 251 CAPD patients given one of the calcium channel blockers developed non-infective turbid peritoneal dialysis that fulfilled all the above criteria. Four calcium channel blockers were suspected to be associated with the events: benidipine [2 out of 2 (100%) patients given the drug], manidipine [15 out of 36 (42%) patients], nisoldipine [1 out of 11 (9%) patients] and nifedipine [1 out of 159 (0.6%)] in descending order of frequency. None of the patients who received nicardipine, nilvadipine, nitrendipine, barnidipine and diltiazem (25, 7, 2, 1 and 8 patients, respectively) exhibited turbid dialysate. In conclusion, we consider that certain dihydropyridine type calcium channel blockers would cause turbid peritoneal dialysate being similar to that observed in patients developing infective peritonitis. To avoid unnecessary antibiotic therapy the possibility of this adverse reaction should be ruled out whenever a CAPD patient receiving a dihydropyridine type calcium channel blocker develops turbid dialysate.
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that on every compact C2hypersurface in R 2n bounding a convex set with non-empty interior, either there exists a sequence of variationally visible hyperbolic closed characteristcs with their minimal periods tending to infinity, or there exists at least one variationally nonhyperbolic non-closed characteristic.
TL;DR: The ternary hydrogen storage alloys Mg 2 Ni 1− x Zr x (0 x ≤ 0.3) have been successfully synthesized by ball milling followed by annealing as mentioned in this paper.
TL;DR: In this paper, germanium-substituted di-n-butyltin dipropionates with the form (R3GeCHR2CHR1COO)2SnBu2n were synthesized and characterized by IR, NMR (1H, 119Sn) and MS spectroscopy.
TL;DR: The mixed-valent compounds [Ru 2 (μ-O 2 CCH 3 ) 4 (4,4′-dipy)](PF 6 ) ( 1 ), [Ru 1,2 and 3] were synthesized and characterized by IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and variable temperature magnetic susceptibility as mentioned in this paper, which can be explained by a large zero-field splitting (ZFS) and weak intermolecular antiferromagnetic exchange.
TL;DR: In this paper, composite membrane modified electrodes were prepared by electrochemical deposition of platinum particles in a poly(o-phenylenediamine) (PPD) him coated on glassy carbon (GC) electrodes.
Abstract: Composite membrane modified electrodes were prepared by electrochemical deposition of platinum particles in a poly(o-phenylenediamine) (PPD) him coated on glassy carbon (GC) electrodes. The modified electrodes showed high catalytic activity towards the reduction of oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. A four-electron transfer process predominated the reduction process. The pH dependence and the stability of the electrodes were also studied.
TL;DR: In this paper, a non-contact laser sensor based on the ring optical cutting image method to measure the size and profile of the inner wall of a pipe is developed, which consists of a laser diode light source, an optical ring pattern generator and a CCD camera.
Abstract: A non-contact laser sensor based on the ring optical cutting image method to measure the size and profile of the inner wall of a pipe is developed. The sensor consists of a laser diode light source, an optical ring pattern generator and a CCD camera. The optical ring pattern from the optical ring pattern generator is projected onto the inner wall of the pipe, which is then viewed by the CCD camera. Reasonable parameters according to the theory of light scattering and reflection are chosen to simulate and optimize the measurement system. The adaptive weighted average value filter and the subpixel technique on several-step computing and half Gaussian fitting are deployed to obtain the edge and the centre of the ring image in order to filter the noise of the image and raise the resolution of the measurement system. The experimental results show that the principle is correct and the techniques are realizable.
TL;DR: In this paper, transient biphotonic holographic grating was studied theoretically and experimentally in trans-cis isomerization azo materials, and it was shown that the mechanism of the grating can be attributed to the redistribution of cis isomers induced by both the short-wavelength light and the long-wvelength light.
Abstract: Transient grating of biphotonic holography is studied theoretically and experimentally in trans-cis isomerization azo materials. The theoretical description of the transient biphotonic holographic grating agrees well with experimental results in methyl yellow-polymethylmethacrylate and ethyl orange-polyvinylalcohol films. The mechanism of the biphotonic holographic grating in the azo materials can be attributed to the redistribution of cis isomers induced by both the short-wavelength light and the long-wavelength light, which is confirmed by the experimental results of polarized biphotonic holography. [S0163-1829(98)11003-2].
TL;DR: In this paper, a cyclic voltammetric analysis of the Ni(OH)2/NiOOH redox couple was performed on cylindrical nickel hydroxide microencapsulated by cobalt.
Abstract: Spherical nickel hydroxide microencapsulated by cobalt has been used as the electrochemically active material in pasted-type nickel electrodes of rechargeable alkaline batteries. Cobalt coating on the surface of nickel hydroxide particles can be converted to CoOOH during charge. Well distributed CoOOH forms the conductive network on the surface of nickel hydroxide particles, thereby leading to higher utilization of active material. Cyclic voltammetric studies suggest that nickel hydroxide microencapsulated by cobalt has better reversibility of the Ni(OH)2/NiOOH redox couple, greater discharge capacity and higher oxygen evolution overpotential than nickel hydroxide with added cobalt metal powder as a conductor. The mechanism of the electrode reaction is still found to be controlled by proton diffusion, and the proton diffusion coefficient is 1. 2×10−9cm2s−1.