Nankai University

About: Nankai University is a education organization based out in Tianjin, China. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Enantioselective synthesis. The organization has 42964 authors who have published 51866 publications receiving 1127896 citations. The organization is also known as: Nánkāi Dàxué.

Sequential Matching Network: A New Architecture for Multi-turn Response Selection in Retrieval-Based Chatbots

Abstract: We study response selection for multi-turn conversation in retrieval based chatbots. Existing work either concatenates utterances in context or matches a response with a highly abstract context vector finally, which may lose relationships among the utterances or important information in the context. We propose a sequential matching network (SMN) to address both problems. SMN first matches a response with each utterance in the context on multiple levels of granularity, and distills important matching information from each pair as a vector with convolution and pooling operations. The vectors are then accumulated in a chronological order through a recurrent neural network (RNN) which models relationships among the utterances. The final matching score is calculated with the hidden states of the RNN. Empirical study on two public data sets shows that SMN can significantly outperform state-of-the-art methods for response selection in multi-turn conversation.

Three-dimensionally bonded spongy graphene material with super compressive elasticity and near-zero Poisson’s ratio

Abstract: The incorporation of the desirable properties of graphene into three-dimensional materials remains challenging. Here, the authors report the scalable self-assembly of graphene sheets into spongy materials with very low densities, and near-zero and largely strain-independent Poisson's ratios in all directions.

Design Strategies for Vanadium-based Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries

Abstract: Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) are considered promising energy storage devices for large-scale energy storage systems as a consequence of their safety benefits and low cost. In recent years, various vanadium-based compounds have been widely developed to serve as the cathodes of aqueous ZIBs because of their low cost and high theoretical capacity. Furthermore, different energy storage mechanisms are observed in ZIBs based on vanadium-based cathodes. In this Minireview, we present a comprehensive overview of the energy storage mechanisms and structural features of various vanadium-based cathodes in ZIBs. Furthermore, we discuss strategies for improving the electrochemical performance of vanadium-based cathodes; including, insertion of metal ions, adjustment of structural water, selection of conductive additives, and optimization of electrolytes. Finally, this Minireview offers insight into potential future directions in the design of innovative vanadium-based electrode materials.

Enhanced-alignment Measure for Binary Foreground Map Evaluation

Abstract: The existing binary foreground map (FM) measures to address various types of errors in either pixel-wise or structural ways. These measures consider pixel-level match or image-level information independently, while cognitive vision studies have shown that human vision is highly sensitive to both global information and local details in scenes. In this paper, we take a detailed look at current binary FM evaluation measures and propose a novel and effective E-measure (Enhanced-alignment measure). Our measure combines local pixel values with the image-level mean value in one term, jointly capturing image-level statistics and local pixel matching information. We demonstrate the superiority of our measure over the available measures on 4 popular datasets via 5 meta-measures, including ranking models for applications, demoting generic, random Gaussian noise maps, ground-truth switch, as well as human judgments. We find large improvements in almost all the meta-measures. For instance, in terms of application ranking, we observe improvementrangingfrom9.08% to 19.65% compared with other popular measures.