Narula Institute of Technology

Abstract: We review the existing measures of uncertainty (entropy) for Atanassov's intuitionistic fuzzy sets (AIFSs). We demonstrate that the existing measures of uncertainty for AIFS cannot capture all facets of uncertainty associated with an AIFS. We point out and justify that there are at least two facets of uncertainty of an AIFS, one of which is related to fuzziness while the other is related to lack of knowledge or non-specificity. For each facet of uncertainty, we propose a separate set of axioms. Then for each of fuzziness and non-specificity we propose a generating family (class) of measures. Each family is illustrated with several examples. In this context we prove several interesting results about the measures of uncertainty. We prove some results that help us to construct new measures of uncertainty of both kinds.

Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of country of origin image on brand equity of branded generic drugs.Design/methodology/approach – Brand equity of branded generics is examined through an analytical review. Country of origin image is hypothesised to influence components of brand equity, i.e. brand strength and brand awareness, which in turn influence brand equity. An empirical investigation was carried out among professionally similar respondents, i.e. doctors of different categories in Kolkata megapolis, India.Findings – Results showed that country of origin image had a positive and significant effect on components of brand equity, i.e. brand strength and brand awareness, derived from factor analysis conducted on brand equity components. The result also showed that country of origin image of branded generics significantly, but indirectly, affected brand equity through the mediating variables, brand strength and brand awareness.Research limitations/implications – Different varia...

Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to find out the relationship between the qualities of generic drugs perceived by the physicians and brand equity of the branded generics and to examine the physicians' perceptions of prescribing generic drugs for selective medical conditions in India.Design/methodology/approach – The study was carried out across six major cities in Eastern India with 392 physicians. Here components of perceived quality, i.e. intrinsic cues and extrinsic cues are hypothesized to influence perceived quality of branded generics which in turn influence brand equity. It is also hypothesized that respondents' quality experience is assimilated towards their quality expectations, independent of small variations in objective quality of the drug.Findings – Results showed that perceived quality of branded generics significantly, but indirectly, affected brand equity through the mediating variables, intrinsic cues and extrinsic cues. The results also showed that physicians' quality experience le...

Abstract: Single layer single feed dual and multifrequency patch antenna is introduced. Resonant frequency can be reduced and frequency ratio can be increased by cutting unequal rectangular slots at the edge. C band and X band operation can be successfully achieved with a size reduction of about 41%. Multifrequency operation can also be achieved by cutting two equal rectangular slots inside the patch. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2754–2758, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23790

Abstract: Extensive non-relativistic variational calculations for estimating the energy values of 2 pnd ( D o 1 , 3 ) states [ n = 3 – 6 ] of two electron atoms (He, Li + , Be 2 + ) and 2 pnp ( P e 1 ) [ n = 3 – 8 ] and 2 pnp ( P e 3 ) states [ n = 2 – 7 ] of Be 2 + under weakly coupled plasma screening have been performed using explicitly correlated Hylleraas type basis. The modified energy eigenvalues of P e 1 , 3 states arising from two p electrons of Be 2 + ion and D o 1 , 3 states due to 2 pnd configuration of Li + and Be 2 + ion in the Debye plasma environment are being reported for the first time. The effect of plasma has been incorporated through the Debye screening model. The system tends towards gradual instability and the number of bound states reduces with increasing plasma coupling strength. The wavelengths for 2 pn ′ p ( P e 1 ) [ n ′ = 3 – 8 ] → 2 pnd ( D o 1 ) [ n = 3 – 6 ] and 2 pn ′ p ( P e 3 ) [ n ′ = 2 – 8 ] → 2 pnd ( D o 3 ) [ n = 3 – 6 ] transitions in plasma embedded two electron atoms have also been reported.