Showing papers by "Narula Institute of Technology published in 2017"

Free vibration analysis of laminated composite skew plates with cut-out

Abstract: The present paper deals with free vibration analysis of laminated composite skew plates with and without cut-outs. The experimental investigation along with numerical simulation has been presented in this paper for complete understanding of the dynamic behaviour of laminated skew plates with cut-out. Glass fibre-reinforced laminated composite plates have been prepared by resin infusion process using vacuum bagging technique in the laboratory for experimental analysis. The experimental studies have been carried out on skew composite plates with varying size of cut-out placed at the centre. The numerical analysis has been carried out by developing a computer code in MATLAB. Special attention is drawn on the formulation of mass matrix by considering effect of rotary inertia. The results obtained by the finite element formulation using nine-noded isoparametric plate-bending elements are validated by comparing the results from relevant published literature. The numerical and experimental data are then compared for experimental verification of present investigation. The consistency of mode shapes between experimental and numerical investigations is checked by using modal assurance criteria.

Layered T comparator design using quantum-dot cellular automata

Abstract: Comparator is crucial block in Central Processing Unit especially in the process of “Data Searching-Sorting” where huge amount of data needs to be searched during the Database Management operations. In this work, the logic design of 1-bit Quantum Cellular Automata (QCA) comparator has been proposed using the Layered-T AND and OR Gates. The proposed comparator layout needs 9.02% less effective area compared to the best reported design so far. The effect of cell misplacements on the proposed layout is thoroughly investigated. Moreover, the other QCA design metrics such as O-Cost, CostI are calculated for the proposed 1-bit Layered T Comparator circuit. The functionality of the proposed circuit is verified by computer aided design tool QCADesigner 2.0.3.

Trend analysis of time series rainfall data using robust statistics

Abstract: A temporal rainfall analysis was carried out for the study area, Rajahmundry city located in lower Godavari basin, India, during the period 1960–2013. Both the parametric and non-parametric approaches were envisaged for identifying the trends at different temporal scales. Linear and robust regression analysis revealed a negative trend at weekly scale during monsoon months, but failed to signify the slope at 95% confidence level. The magnitude of Sen9s slope was observed to be negative during the months of April–September. Results of the Mann–Kendall test ascertained the negative rainfall trends during the monsoon months of June and July with a significant trend at 95% confidence interval. Application of robust statistics for long term rainfall analysis helped to address the outlier9s problem in the dataset. The Mann–Kendall test rejected the null hypothesis for all months except February–May and August after exclusion of outliers. Overall, a negative trend during monsoon season and a positive trend during post-monsoon season were observed using a robust non-parametric approach. Further, good correlation was found between the total rainfall and rainy days during the study period. On average, 21.25% days of a year is considered as rainy, while heavy and extreme rainfall in this region together occupies nearly 15% of the rainy days.

MHRP: A novel mobility handling routing protocol in Wireless Body Area Network

Abstract: For the last few years a lot of research work has been carried out on the applications and other aspects of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN). Majority of this work are found on healthcare domain. In WBAN, sensor nodes are used either as wearable or as implant devices. These devices collect information from the human body and transmit them wirelessly to remote server which is viewed and analyzed by the concerned persons sitting in their chambers. But, the link between the WBAN and the remote server changes frequently due to the movement of human body. As such maintaining seamless connectivity in such environment is a challenge of current research work. In this paper, a novel Mobility Handling Routing Protocol (MHRP) for WBAN has been proposed. The proposed protocol is faster, reliable, takes care of human mobility through posture detection and ensures seamless connectivity. In support of better performance of the proposed algorithm, analytical comparison with related existing works is given.

Synthesis of standard functions and generic Ex-OR module using layered T gate

Abstract: The quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) which is the most promising technology in the paradigm of nano electronics has already been claimed to possess ultra-high packing density, high clocking speed and extremely low power dissipation. This work proposes a novel design of high fan-in exclusive-OR gate by using the layered T Gate of QCA. The 'robustness analysis' of layered T gate has also been done to focus the advantage of layered T architecture in generic sense considering the defects of QCA. The synthesis of 'three-literal standard functions' by using layered T gate reports an average 29.31% less area requirement as compared to the best reported design so far. Primarily two-input layered T exclusive OR shows 18.75% less cell requirement and 6.20% less area requirement as compared to the conventional two-input exclusive OR designs. Finally, two-input layered T exclusive OR module extends its design methodology to implement high fan-in exclusive OR gate designs with proper formulation of O-Cost and delay in QCA.

Thin film flow over an unsteady stretching sheet with thermocapillarity in presence of magnetic field

Abstract: An analysis is carried out to study the effects of thermocapillarity on thin film flow over an unsteady stretching sheet in presence of uniform transverse magnetic field and internal heat source/sink. Using a similarity transformation, the governing time dependent boundary-layer equations are reduced to a set of coupled ordinary differential equations and then solved numerically for some representative values of non-dimensional parameters using Nachtsheim and Swigert shooting iteration technique together with Runge-Kutta sixth-order integration scheme. It is observed that the thermocapillary action reduces the rate of heat transfer at the surface while dealing with conducting fluid in presence of magnetic field.

Design of low power 12-bit magnitude comparator

Abstract: In the advanced technology low power, speed and size play a significant role specifically in the field of magnitude VLSI circuits. In this paper small power dissipation and less area over conventional 2-bit comparator is proposed and using this comparator a new style 12-bit comparator is proposed. The main objective of this paper is to design and implement of magnitude comparator using different logic techniques and compared in terms of power consumption, propagation delay and transistor count. The results of this paper are simulated on the EDA tanner tool realized in 45-nanometer technology at 0.7v supply voltage.

Analysis of Single Phase PWM Rectifier for Different Applications

Abstract: This research work investigates the various applications of a PWM rectifier based on its input power factor. Most of the cases, the papers describe the operation of the rectifier used for unity power factor (UPF) operation. Beside this mode of operation, this paper compiles the application of the rectifier as STATCOM also, where the rectifier deals only with reactive power exchange. In this work, the controller is implemented by inserting a loop for reference input of phase angle which will be compared with the actual one, so that user can operate the rectifier at any power factor. Some basic formulae are derived for the input current, active power and reactive power based on which the control circuit is to be designed. Here two Proportional–Integral (PI) controllers are used. A brief description of tuning these two PI controllers is incorporated in this paper. Also some calculations are given to determine the harmonic factors of the input line current from which it is found that the rectifier when operated in each mode operation, the order of the harmonics are very low.

Random Valued Impulse Noise Removal Using Region Based Detection Approach

Abstract: Removal of random valued noisy pixel is extremely challenging when the noise density is above 50%. The existing filters are generally not capable of eliminating such noise when density is above 70%. In this paper a region wise density based detection algorithm for random valued impulse noise has been proposed. On the basis of the intensity values, the pixels of a particular window are sorted and then stored into four regions. The higher density based region is considered for stepwise detection of noisy pixels. As a result of this detection scheme a maximum of 75% of noisy pixels can be detected. For this purpose this paper proposes a unique noise removal algorithm. It was experimentally proved that the proposed algorithm not only performs exceptionally when it comes to visual qualitative judgment of standard images but also this filter combination outsmarts the existing algorithm in terms of MSE, PSNR and SSIM comparison even up to 70% noise density level.

Thermal Anomalies Around the Time of Nepal Earthquakes M 7.8 April 25, 2015 And M 7.3 May 12, 2015

Abstract: Two consecutive large earthquakes having M values 7.8 and 7.3 occurred on April 25 and May 12, 2015, respectively at Nepal. During their occurrences, abrupt increase in greenhouse gases (like CO2, CH4, H2 etc.) and enhancement of radon emanations are found. These attain high momentum that introduce anomaly in the fluid expulsion from seismically active faults which produce air ionization before these large earthquakes. The process may be very much related to the latent heat release due to condensation of ionized aerosols, produced by energetic alpha particles from radon just before the earthquake. This probably introduces changes in the observed meteorological parameters in the region. Such variations may be due to siesmo tectonically induced radon anomaly before the earthquake.

Comparative study of Au and Ag nanoparticle to improved in absorption in plasmonic solar cell

Abstract: From last decade, plasmonics gives very much attention and closely relates to the nanophotonic domains that can control of optical fields at the nano dimension level. Its most exciting property is to concentrate the electromagnetic field and also improves field components at nanometer scale, especially in solar cell. In plasmonic region, Noble metals like Au and Ag are best choice as nanoparticle where the density of electron gas that oscillates at Plasmon frequency and also improves absorption by scattering. In this paper, we investigate the effect of nanoparticle size to enhance extinction in terms of absorption and scattering by means of surface Plasmon and also studied finite difference time domain based proposed solar cell model that improves in various simulated surface plasmonic fields components. We also see that both silver and gold nanoparticle significantly improves optical absorption by plasmonic effect.

Implication of Performance Appraisal Process on Employee Engagement Mediated Through the Development and Innovation Oriented Culture: A Study on the Software Professionals of IT Companies in West Bengal

Abstract: In the face of stiff global competition and fast changing technology, the sustainability of the software companies undoubtedly depends on their contented and committed intellectual capital. To attract and retain best talents from the market, the industry emphasizes on strategic and innovative HR practices. As the driving force of the industry is its’ workforce, maintenance and management of skills and potentialities of the individual employees’ and working teams are considered as the instrument to retain talents in the organizations and also to continue to provide quality service to the customers. Performance management hence plays a central role in these organizations. Continuous monitoring and management of individual competences therefore always be in focus for the HR department. The paper investigates the performance assessment process and its’ implication on employee engagement mediated though an HRD culture conducive of growth and innovation in some IT/ITes/BPO companies of West Bengal.

A Linear Time Series Analysis of Fetal Heart Rate to Detect the Variability: Measures Using Cardiotocography

Abstract: Real time analysis and interpretation of fetal heart rate (FHR) is the challenge posed to every clinician. Different algorithms had been developed, tried and subsequently incorporated into Cardiotocograph (CTG) machines for automated diagnosis. Feature extraction and accurate detection of baseline and its variability has been the focus of this chapter. Algorithms by Dawes and Redman and Ayres-de-Campos have been discussed in this chapter. The authors are pleased to propose an algorithm for extracting the variability of fetal heart. The algorithm’s accuracy and degree of agreement with clinician’s diagnosis had been established by various statistical methods. This algorithm has been compared with an algorithm proposed by Nidhal and the new algorithm is found to be better at detecting variability in both ante-partum and intra-partum period.

Fuzzy logic based vision enhancement using sigmoid function

Abstract: In this paper, the image haze-removal technique proposed by us is free from artifacts as well as it's execution time is also very less. The method proposed here can overcome the halo-artifacts occurring due to non-uniform transmission within patches by patch size regulation and is also capable of removing the blocking artifacts (especially in the sky region) and can restore the contrast of the image by using sigmoid function and fuzzy logic. Moreover, since we have taken a large number of hazy images in our database and have obtained satisfactory results by applying the algorithm on all the hazy images, hence we can state that our algorithm is not dependent on the features of the hazy images and can remove haze from all kinds of hazy images irrespective of its characteristics.

A framework for ICT-based primary healthcare delivery for children

Abstract: Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) provides access to sources of knowledge or health information through technologies like Internet, wireless network, mobile phones etc. Primary healthcare delivery based on mobile devices can achieve the goal of “health for all” and meet the requirements for people's basic health through a comprehensive approach. This paper proposes a framework for ICT based primary healthcare delivery from remote places particularly for regular supervision for neonatal care of pregnant woman to assist diagnosis of diseases of children, and immunization of children. These three main common primary healthcare services may address the problem of highest mortality rate according to National Rural Health Mission (NHRM). However, a lot of challenges are faced to implement these services. The workflow or activity diagrams are shown for the implementation of diagnosis assistance and neonatal care of pregnant woman and immunization of children.

Effect of Surface Plasmon-Based Improvement in Optical Absorption in Plasmonic Solar Cell

Abstract: In the last few years, plasmonics has attracted much attention and has been included in the principal domains of nanophotonics that can manage optical fields at the nanodimension level. Its exquisi...

Design and analysis of large unity gain bandwidth operational amplifier for low-voltage applications

Abstract: This work deals with the design and analysis of large unity gain bandwidth operational amplifiers for low voltage applications. Conventional and dynamic threshold MOSFET (DTMOS) based design approaches of Op-Amp in sub-threshold and near-threshold regime have been chosen to achieve larger unity gain bandwidth. Extensive simulations have been done using TSPICE for 90nm and 180 nm separately.42 dB DC gain and 704 KHz unity gain frequency can be achieved in sub threshold region using proposed DTMOS structure. For lower technology node, i.e., for lower gate length of MOSFET, significant improvement in unity gain frequency has been observed. Simulated results demonstrate that the proposed op-Amp is suitable for the low voltage application which requires higher bandwidth. Besides, analysis of Op-Amp in near threshold regime would be promising for the IoT applications.

Majority-layered T hybridization using quantum-dot cellular automata

Abstract: The atomistic quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) based implementations of the reversible circuits have got tremendous exposures in the last few days, due to “room-temperature workability” of the QCA. The researchers are in serious need of a methodology that can realize the area-efficient QCA counterparts of reversible benchmark circuits. In this work, a novel methodology named majority-layered T hybridization is proposed to synthesize the reversible circuits using QCA. Firstly the reversible library consisting of CNTS Gates have been generated to validate the usability of the proposed methodology. Then, an elementary QCA module of 3×3 Toffoli Gate have been proposed and extended in the realization of 4×4, 5×5 and 6×6 Toffoli Gates (multi-control Toffoli Gates). The proper mathematical modelling of the several QCA design metrics like effective area, delay and O-cost has been established. The QCA counterpart of 3×3 Toffoli Gate reports 18.61% less effective area and 8.33% less O-cost compared to th...

Electronically Tunable Dual-Input Integrator: Synthetic Immittance Function Realizability

Abstract: A new electronically tunable differential input integrator (ETDII) using the composite current feedback amplifier (CFA) and multiplication-mode current conveyor (MMCC) building block is presented, wherein the control voltage (Vc) of the MMCC tunes its time constant (τ). Effects of the device parasitic capacitances had been examined and appropriate compensation design is proposed to obtain high-quality (q) realization. Analysis shows that τ is practically active insensitive to device port mismatch errors (ϵ). A quadrature voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) is implemented utilizing the ETDII after suitably configuring a double-integrator loop with grounded capacitors in the same topology. With the loop closed, the ETDII topology realizes some new electronically tunable synthetic immittance function at appropriate nodes. Satisfactory experimental results for the proposed realizations had been verified with PSPICE macro-model simulation and by hardware test.

Modelling Multiobjective Bilevel Programming for Environmental-Economic Power Generation and Dispatch Using Genetic Algorithm

Abstract: This article describes a multiobjective bilevel programming (MOBLP) model to solve environmental-economic power generation and dispatch (EEPGD) problem through genetic algorithm (GA) based fuzzy goal programming (FGP) in a thermal power plant operational system In MOBLP approach, first the objectives of problem are divided into two sets of objectives, and they are separately included at two hierarchical decision levels (top-level and bottom-level), where each level contains one or more controls variables associated with power generation decision system Then, optimization problems of both the levels are described fuzzily to accommodate the impression arises with regard to optimizing them In FGP model formulation, the membership functions associated with defined fuzzy goals are designed, and then they are converted into membership goals by assigning highest membership value (unity) as achievement level and introducing under- and over-deviational variables to each of them In achievement function, minimization of under-deviational variables of membership goals according to weights of importance is considered to achieve optimal solution in decision environment In the process of solving FGP model, a GA scheme is adopted at two stages, direct optimization of individual objectives at the first stage for fuzzy representation of them and, at the second stage, evaluation of goal achievement function to reach optimal power generation decision The use of the proposed method is demonstrated via IEEE 30-bus system

Design of probe feed patch antenna with different dielectric constants

Abstract: An edge slotted rectangular probe-fed patch antenna is studied by changing only the dielectric constants of the material such as polyethylene, silicon dioxide, silicon, Teflon etc. for investigating various aspect of the microstrip antenna. Four rectangular slots have been introduced with the patch for optimizing the antenna geometry. This analysis shows the effects of various dielectric materials with fixed antenna geometry. The antenna analysis have been observed and compared by plotting the observation of different dielectric constants from 2 to 12. The main motto of the analysis is to provide improved transmission with wider bandwidth.

Design and power analysis of 4 × 4 semiconductor ROM array with row decoder and column decoder at 32, 22 and 16 nm channel length of MOS transistor

Abstract: In this work, the design and power consumption analysis of NOR based 4 × 4 semiconductor read-only-memory (ROM) array has been presented. In this study, row decoder and column decoder has been considered in order to retrieve the data from ROM array. All the circuits are designed using nanodimensional metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) transistor. The average power consumption across the ROM array structure has been reported for the MOS transistors with channel length of 32, 22 and 16 nm. Selecting the row lines and column lines using row decoder and column decoder, data written inside the ROM array has been retrieved. In order to verify the data inside the ROM array, simulated waveforms are presented. Overall design and power consumption analysis of the ROM array in nano regime has been analyzed with the help of Tanner SPICE (T-SPICE) tools. It is seen that as power supply voltage VDD increases the average power consumption across the ROM structure also increases. This indicates that for low power design the value of VDD needs to be downscaled. Comparison of the average power consumption for MOS transistors having channel length 32, 22 and 16 nm has been reported.

Binary expansion based denoising algorithm for an image corrupted by Gaussian noise

Abstract: Efficient filtering technique on removal of Gaussian noise is not an easy task. In this paper two same centered different size windows are taken for every pixel of the noisy image. A variable threshold value (Γ) has been calculated with the help of standard deviation (σ) of the pixels in the big window. The pixels of the big window are distributed in four sets to determine the conditional mean. Finally an eight bit binary table is created for decision and restoration. Results of the computer simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method taking different test images at variable noise densities.

A Dynamic Reputation-Based Incentive Scheme to Encourage Selfish Nodes in Post-Disaster Situation Using Delay-Tolerant Network

Abstract: Modern communication infrastructures that usually keep people always on-line and inform “on-thego” have repeatedly proved to be unreliable and unavailable during and after major disasters. In those situations the prime need is to quickly re-establish minimal communication infrastructures to start rescue operations. DTN is described by a special kind of mobile ad-hoc network where sparseness, large communication delay and lack of end to end path from source to destination exist. It is evident from this fact that data forwarding is dependent on the cooperation of multiple hops in “store-carryforward” manner. However, nodes involved in communication may sometimes behave maliciously and may non-cooperate. So, the objective in this perspective is to develop a reliable data forwarding scheme by detecting malicious activities and encourage nodes to participate in Post Disaster Communication environment. Analysis of the proposed system, its protocols and performance studies are implemented and tested using Opportunistic Network Environment (ONE) simulator.

Use of Fuzzy Set Theory in DNA Sequence Comparison and Amino Acid Classification

Abstract: This chapter describes the use of fuzzy set theory and intuitionistic fuzzy set theory in DNA sequence comparison. It also shows an indirect application of fuzzy set theory in comparing protein sequences. In fact, protein sequences consist of 20 amino acids. The chapter shows how such amino acids can be classified in six different groups. These groups are obtained purely from theoretical considerations. These are entirely different from the known groups of amino acids based on biological considerations. Also it is known how these classified groups of amino acids help in protein sequence comparison. The results of comparison differ as the groups differ in number and their compositions. Naturally it is expected that newer results of comparison will come out from such newer classified groups of amino acids obtained theoretically. Thus fuzzy set theory is also useful in protein sequence comparison.

Effect of patch size and haziness factor on visibility using DCP

Abstract: Outdoor images get corrupted due to fog and mist. Many techniques have been adopted to obtain to solve this problem but no such optimum solution is reached since each image has its own unique features. Dark channel prior method gives a significant idea about the amount of airlight responsible for the formation of haze. Dark channel with contrast controller and sky masking improves the visibility and also makes the method time efficient. But this method suffers from some artifacts. Here in this paper a novel technique has been introduced which can remove all the artifacts present in all the previous methods and also increases the visibility to such a level that even minute details in the haze free image can be easily viewed.

An incentive driven reliable message exchange scheme in post-disaster situation using delay tolerant network

Abstract: In post-disaster situation, re-establishment of communication infrastructure is very critical task. For that delay tolerant network is used by smart phone users like volunteers or victims. In such fragile environment, data can be forwarded by store-carry-forward mechanism. So, for data delivery, multi-hop communication and proper cooperation among nodes are very important aspects. Volunteers are working by forming small groups. In such sensational environment secure and instantaneous group communication among volunteer nodes and to remote monitoring system is imperative as there can be various malicious nodes intentionally intercept and alter data for the purpose of fraudulence. So, proper mechanism is required to detect malicious nodes and encourage them to participate by giving them incentives. Here, the objective is to develop incentive based secure message exchange scheme for reliable data communication. Opportunistic network environment simulator is used for performance measurement.

Arranged Braille Computer Display Board (ABCD): A Simulative Scholastic Approach towards Analytic Circuitry

Abstract: Visionless persons find it very difficult to access the screen of computer and mobile. This article presents a preliminary novelty attempt towards the design of Computer Display Board (CBD) with the support of Braille language to solve the problem. Using basic logic designs the system converts computer screen information to Braille Computer Display Board (CBD) signals. A microchip design approach is undertaken in place of the complicated logic circuit to solve the problem. Synchronization table formed towards the implementation of English Digits and Alphabets to Braille Language is established. Simulation based experimental result analysis implemented in this paper with VHDL result considering the word “I LOVE INDIA”. The entire process of the designed prototype is presented for Computer Display Board (CBD). This attempted research article strives to facilitate a cyber-communication facility for visionless people.