Narula Institute of Technology

About: Narula Institute of Technology is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Quantum dot cellular automaton & Cognitive radio. The organization has 288 authors who have published 490 publications receiving 2258 citations. The organization is also known as: NiT.

Low power and high speed design issues of CMOS Hamming code generation and error detection circuit at 22 nm and 16 nm channel length of MOS transistor

Abstract: This paper represents low power and high speed design issues of Hamming code generation and error detection circuit using complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. Average power consumption and input to output gate delay for both Hamming code generation and error detection circuit are analyzed at 22 nm and 16 nm channel length of Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) transistor. The functionality of the circuits are clarified using Tanner SPICE (T-SPICE) software. The average power consumption and input to output gate delay of the circuits are reported considering the parameters—power supply voltage, channel width to length ratio of transistors. It has been observed that whenever power supply voltage (VDD) increases, power consumption across the circuits increases, however gate delay decreases for both the circuit for fixed channel width to length ratio of the transistors. On the other hand, for fixed value of VDD if channel width to length ratio of NMOS transistor increases gate delay decreases however average power consumption increases. The variation of average power consumption and delay has also been reported with respect to KPN ratio. KPN is the ratio of channel width to length ratio of PMOS transistor to channel width to length ratio of NMOS transistor. Average power consumption is more for higher value of KPN ratio. In contrast gate delay is less at higher value KPN ratio. In this work, the values of average power consumption and gate delay are of the order of microwatt and picosecond respectively. The average power consumption of the Hamming code generation circuit in this work at 0.8 V of VDD is 0.2 µW and 1.3 µW for 22 nm and 16 nm cannel length of MOS transistor respectively. Whereas at the VDD of 0.8 V, the average power consumption of the error detection circuit is 0.4 µW and 2.3 µW respectively for 22 nm and 16 nm cannel length. The gate delay of the Hamming code generation circuit in this work at VDD of 0.8 V is 4.7 ps and 3.3 ps for for 22 nm and 16 nm cannel length of MOS transistor respectively. Also at the VDD of 0.8 V, the gate delay of the error detection circuit has been reported in this work is 16.4 ps and 12.5 ps for 22 nm and 16 nm channel length respectively. Therefore for low power and high speed Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI) circuit design this work is applicable.

Security of Load Flow Analysis with Photovoltaic Energy Sources

Abstract: Photovoltaic energy sources are the most reliable renewable energy sources. The major limitations of solar energy are its Weather-Dependency and availability at daytime only. As photovoltaic energy storage is very expensive hence it is smarter to use solar energy during the day and take energy from the grid during the night. So, it is a good solution to connect the solar power systems with the grid which is linked with an infinite bus. In this paper, a microgrid system, based on two photovoltaic generating stations and an infinite bus system that is capable to export or import power to the grid is simulated. The microgrid system investigated in this paper represents a study based on an eight-bus system. The output voltage of photovoltaic generation system and infinite bus with constant voltage is calculated in our study. Computation of bus voltage and power flow of the microgrid for green power importation or exportation to the local power grid is carried out using Newtown—Raphson algorithm.

Design of LCL Filter for SPWM Inverter Based on Switching Frequency and THD Criterion

Abstract: Over the time, power generation from renewable energy sources and its grid integration is being increased rapidly. Subsequently, the quality of power has been degraded because of injected harmonic contents to the grid from large number of power electronic devices required for inverter applications. An optimized LCL filter can improve the quality of power for single-phase inverter connected with the utility. This perspective motivates the authors to design an LCL filter with optimum performance under the constraint of least switching frequency variation, total harmonic distortion (THD), size of the inductors, and power factor of the grid current. All the results have been obtained through MATLAB/Simulink environment in justification with the optimum satisfactory design.

ANN Based Spectrum Sensing Technique for Cognitive Radio Applications

Abstract: An ANN based spectrum sensing technique for audio FM and the wireless microphone signals in TV band is proposed. The artificial neural network (ANN) model trained with the autocorrelation peaks of the signal in channel identifies it as a white space or a primary signal. The performance of this technique is efficient in terms of false alarm rate and probability of detection; the proposed method presents less mathematical complexity as compared to other recent spectrum sensing techniques. Simulation results are presented.

Cross sensitivity of Ionic concentration on Admittance type measurement

Abstract: An attempt has been made to study theoretically electrical admittance type level measurement and its cross sensitivity with ionic concentration of liquid. The analysis has been made for single and double electrodes and found there is significant cross sensitivity which varies with the ionic concentration of the liquid. This study will help further to design and develop continuous level measurement transmitter in Boiler drum. KeywordsAdmittance type level transmitter, conductivity, permittivity, Cross sensitivity, Boiler drum