National Chemical Laboratory

About: National Chemical Laboratory is a facility organization based out in Pune, Maharashtra, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Enantioselective synthesis. The organization has 8891 authors who have published 14837 publications receiving 387600 citations.

Neuropathological Substrates of Psychiatric Symptoms in Prospectively Studied Patients With Autopsy-Confirmed Dementia With Lewy Bodies

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: This investigation was undertaken to clarify the neuropathological substrates of key psychiatric symptoms in dementia with Lewy bodies. METHOD: The authors studied 112 autopsy-confirmed cases of dementia with Lewy bodies in patients who had had annual standardized clinical evaluations until their death. The relationships of persistent psychiatric symptoms (visual hallucinations, delusions, depression) to plaques (Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease protocol), tangles (Braak staging), and Lewy bodies (consensus Lewy body staging) were evaluated. In addition, symptom frequency and persistent symptoms were compared in the patients with Lewy body dementia and 90 patients with autopsy-confirmed Alzheimer’s disease studied prospectively during life. RESULTS: The main neuropathological correlate of persistent visual hallucinations was the presence of less severe tangle pathology, but there was no significant association between tangle pathology and persistent delusions. Lewy bod...

Identification of inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers associated with seed size in wheat

Abstract: The feasibility of identifying inter-simple sequence repeat markers associated with seed weight in hexaploid wheat was tested using 113 recombinant inbred lines developed by the single-seed descent method, from a cross between Rye selection111, an Indian genetic stock obtained through the introgression of genes for bold seed size from rye, and Chinese Spring having small seed size. Three markers were associated with low seed size with gene effects of 14.8%, 9.5%, and 6%, while four markers with contributions of 8%, 4.66%, 2.92% and 2.61% were found to be linked to high seed size, together contributing 31% of the phenotypic variance in seed size. Nulli-tetrasomic and di-telosomic analysis revealed the presence of three low seed size QTL-associated markers on three chromosomes, 6BL, 2DL, and 1DS respectively. This study clearly demonstrates that ISSRs are highly useful for finding markers associated with major and minor genes controlling agronomically important traits in wheat.

Formation of Water-Dispersible Gold Nanoparticles Using a Technique Based on Surface-Bound Interdigitated Bilayers

Abstract: We demonstrate the phase transfer of dodecylamine (DDA)-capped colloidal gold particles dispersed in an organic solvent into water containing the cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Vigorous shaking of the biphasic mixture results in the rapid phase transfer of DDA-capped gold nanoparticles from the organic to aqueous phase, the aqueous phase acquiring a pink, foamlike appearance. Drying of the colored aqueous phase results in the formation of a highly stable reddish powder of gold nanoparticles that may be readily redispersed in water. The water-dispersible gold nanoparticles have been investigated by UV−vis spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). These studies indicate the presence of interdigitated bilayers consisting of a DDA primary monolayer directly coordinated to the gold particle surface and a secondary monolayer of CTAB, this secondary monolayer providing sufficient hydrop...

Investigations in the Transition Metal Catalyzed Aziridination of Olefins, Amination, and Other Insertion Reactions with Bromamine-T as the Source of Nitrene†

Abstract: Investigations into the transition metal catalyzed aziridination of olefins with Bromamine-T as a new source of nitrene is presented in this account. Comparison of Chloramine-T and Bromamine-T in this reaction indicates that the latter is superior as the source of nitrene. Systematic study with several transition metal based catalysts suggests that Cu-halides are the best catalysts. A first report of aziridination under microwave and ultrasound irradiation conditions is also presented. Copper-catalyzed aziridination of methyl cinnamate with Bromamine-T did not proceed at ambient temperature but was effected smoothly under ultrasound irradiation to furnish trans-aziridine selectively, while under microwave irradiation, a mixture of cis and trans isomers, was obtained. It has been demonstrated that aziridination of olefins proceeds smoothly with inexpensive bleaching powder. Preliminary results of Rh-catalyzed benzylic insertion reactions with Bromamine-T are included in this account.

Studies on the Biological Activity of Tocotrienols

Abstract: Tocotrienols were evaluated for activity against transplantable murine tumors inoculated i.p. into mouse, and the activities of two tocotrienols and α-tocopherols were compared. When the compounds were injected i.p., α- and γ-tocotrienols were effective against sarcoma 180, Ehrlich carcinoma, and IMC carcinoma, and γ-tocotrienol showed a slight life-prolonging effect in mice with Meth A fibrosarcoma, but the tocotrienols had no antitumor activity against P388 leukemia at doses of 5-40 mg/kg/d. On the other hand α-tocopherol had only a slight effect against sarcoma 180 and IMC carcinoma. The antitumor activity of γ-tocotrienol was higher than that of α-tocotrienol. Tocotrienols showed growth inhibition of human and mouse tumor cells when the cells were exposed to these agents for 72h in vitro, whereas tocopherol did not show any marked cytotoxic activity. Alpha- and γ-tocotrienols had inhibitory effects on lipid peroxidation of murine microsomes by adriamycin.